Preparation and optical/electrical/electrochemical properties of expanded graphite-filled polypyrrole nanocomposite
TL;DR: Expanded graphite filled polypyrrole (PPy/EG) conducting composites were prepared by in situ polymerization of pyrrole by the addition of expanded graphite in various proportions (0.25, 0.50% and 1.0%) as discussed by the authors.
About: This article is published in Materials Chemistry and Physics.The article was published on 2011-07-15. It has received 43 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Polypyrrole & Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a novel route has been developed to synthesize polypyrrole (PPy)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites via liquid/liquid interfacial polymerization where GO and initiator was dispersed in the aquous phase and the monomer was dissolved in the organic phase.
248 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, expanded graphite (EG) and isocyanate modified graphite nanoplatelets (i-MG) filled polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene (SBR) and SBR/BR blends in the presence of carbon black (CB).
87 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a one-step electrochemical process has been employed to synthesize composite films of polypyrrole/graphene (PPy/GR) by electrochemical polymerization on indium tin oxide (ITO) from an aqueous solution containing pyrrole monomer, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and sodium p-toluenesulfonate (NapTS).
Abstract: A one-step electrochemical process has been employed to synthesize composite films of polypyrrole/graphene (PPy/GR) by electrochemical polymerization on indium tin oxide (ITO) from an aqueous solution containing pyrrole monomer, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and sodium p-toluenesulfonate (NapTS). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed the formation of a composite; the degradation temperature of the new hybrid was between those of PPy and GO. Moreover, the bulbous surface of PPy and the almost transparent tissue-like GO nanosheets were replaced by the new appearance of the composite where the surface was flat but creased. As GO is nonconductive, we deduced that it had been reduced to conducting graphene in the composite film during the electrodeposition process, based on an electrical conductivity study measured with a four-point probe. On average, the electrical conductivity of the PPy/GR composites was twofold higher than that of the pure PPy film, indicating that the incorporation of graphene was able to enhance the conductivity of PPy film.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a nanocomposite of polythiophene (PTh) with graphene nanosheets (G) was used for ethanol vapour sensor application with high sensitivity and complete reversibility at room temperature.
58 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the synthesis of polythiophene (PTh)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites by interfacial polymerization was reported.
Abstract: We report a new method for the synthesis of polythiophene (PTh)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites by interfacial polymerization. Polymerization occurred at the interface of two immiscible solvents, i.e. n-hexane containing thiophene and nitromethane containing GO and an initiator. Characterizations were done using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and electrochemical and electrical conductivity measurements. Spectroscopic analyses showed successful incorporation of GO in the PTh matrix. Morphological analysis revealed good dispersion of GO sheets in the polymer matrix. The PTh/GO composites showed marked improvements in thermal stability and electrical conductivity (2.7 × 10−4 S cm−1) compared to pure PTh. The composites exhibited excellent electrochemical reversibility compared to pure PTh at a scan rate of 0.1 V s−1. The composites were stable even up to 100 electrochemical cycles, indicating good cycle performance. The specific capacitance of the composites was calculated using cyclic voltammetry and was found to be 99 F g−1. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
55 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the percolation threshold of PMMA/NanoG conducting films at room temperature was as low as 0.31 vol%, much lower than that of the composites filled with conventional graphite particles.
341 citations
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01 Sep 2011
TL;DR: Dalton et al. as mentioned in this paper introduced the concept of conducting polymers (CPs) and applied it to a wide range of applications, such as semiconductor, electrophoresis, and light-emitting diode (LED).
Abstract: Preface. Foreword L. Dalton. List of Common Abbreviations. Part I: Fundamentals. 1. Basics of Conducting Polymers (CPs). 2. Semiconductor Models for CPs. 3. Basic Electrochromics of CPs. 4. Electrochemistry of CPs. 5. Advanced Polymerization Concepts. 6. Conduction Models for CPs. 7. Theoretical Treatments of CPs. 8. Solubility and Processing of CPs. 9. Structural Aspects, Morphology and Fiber/Film Processing. 10. 'Composites' (Blends) and Copolymers. 11. Characterization Methods and Salient Results: Part 1. 12. Characterization Methods and Salient Results: Part 2. 13. Classes of CPs: Part 1. 14. Classes of CPs: Part 2. Part II: Applications. 15. Batteries. 16. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). 17. Sensors. 18. Electro-Optic and Optical Devices. 19. Microwave- and Conductivity-Based Technologies. 20. Electrochromic Devices. 21. Electrochemomechanical and Chemomechanical Devices. 22. Semiconductor-, Lithography-, and Electrically-Related Applications. 24. Catalysis and Drug/Chemical Delivery. 25. Membranes. Literature Cited. Index. About the Author.
340 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a joint theoretical and experimental study of several new thiophene-based poly(azomethine)s was performed and the optical and electrochemical band gaps of the polymer films were in the ranges 2.33−2.67 eV, which are smaller than that of the phenylene-based polymer.
Abstract: We report a joint theoretical and experimental study of several new thiophene-based poly(azomethine)s. Hybrid density functional theory (DFT) method was used to calculate the optimized geometry and electronic structure of poly(azomethine)s. Theoretical band gaps of the new thiophene-based poly(azomethine)s were in the range 2.33−2.67 eV, which are smaller than that of the phenylene-based polymer. The variation of the backbone ring (fluorene, carbazole, or naphthalene) or donor/acceptor side group on the phenylene ring significantly affected the dihedral angles and resulted in the variation of electronic properties (ionization potential, electron affinity, and band gap) of the poly(azomethine)s. Five soluble new conjugated poly(azomethine)s derived from the polymerization of 2,5-diformyl-3-hexylthiophene (DFHT) with various diamines were prepared and characterized. The optical and electrochemical band gaps of the polymer films were in the ranges 2.21−2.28 and 2.13−2.24 eV, respectively. The trend of the ef...
209 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the percolation threshold values are 1 wt% (S-EG) and 2 wt % (EG) for PPS and expanded graphite nanocomposites, respectively.
205 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the electrochemical capacitance properties of composite films prepared from electrically conducting polypyrrole (PPy) and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been investigated for supercapacitor application.
192 citations