Open AccessJournal Article
Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among the elderly in Bangladesh and India: a multicentre study
Iftekhar Quasem,Shiney C. Alex,Anjan Kumar Nag,Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan,Achutha Menon,Sree Chitra Tirunal +5 more
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TLDR
The findings emphasize the need to implement effective and low cost management regimens based on absolute levels of cardiovascular risk appropriate for the economic context and reduce the average blood pressure in the population.Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among elderly individuals in Bangladesh and India. Method A community-based sample of 1203 elderly individuals (670 women; mean age, 70 years) was selected using a multistage cluster sampling technique from two sites in Bangladesh and three sites in India. Findings The overall prevalence of hypertension (WHO–International Society for Hypertension criteria) was 65% (95% confidence interval = 62–67%). The prevalence was higher in urban than rural areas, but did not differ significantly between the sexes. Multiple logistic regression analyses identified a higher body mass index, higher education status and prevalent diabetes mellitus as important correlates of the prevalence of hypertension. Physical activity, rural residence, and current smoking were inversely related to the prevalence of hypertension. Among study subjects who had hypertension, 45% were aware of their condition, 40% were taking anti-hypertensive medications, but only 10% achieved the level established by the US Sixth Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertension (JNC VI)/WHO criteria. A visit to a physician in the previous year, higher educational attainment and being female emerged as important correlates of hypertension awareness. Conclusions Our findings emphasize the need to implement effective and low cost management regimens based on absolute levels of cardiovascular risk appropriate for the economic context. From a public health perspective, the only sustainable approach to the high prevalence of hypertension in the Indian subcontinent is through a strategy to reduce the average blood pressure in the population.read more
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The burden of disease in older people and implications for health policy and practice
Martin Prince,Fan Wu,Yanfei Guo,Luis Miguel Francisco Gutierrez Robledo,Martin O'Donnell,Richard Sullivan,Salim Yusuf +6 more
TL;DR: The authors in this article found that 30.23% of the total global burden of disease is attributable to disorders in people aged 60 years and older, and the leading contributors to disease burden in older people are cardiovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms (15·1%), chronic respiratory diseases (9·5%), musculoskeletal diseases (7·5), and neurological and mental disorders (6·6%).
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Hypertension in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension
Raghupathy Anchala,Nanda Kishore Kannuri,Hira B Pant,Hassan Khan,Oscar H. Franco,Emanuele Di Angelantonio,Dorairaj Prabhakaran +6 more
TL;DR: A region-specific (urban and rural parts of north, east, west, and south India) systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension among Indian patients have not been done before and about 33% urban and 25% rural Indians are hypertensive.
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Hypertension among older adults in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence, awareness and control
TL;DR: The high rates of hypertension in low- and middle-income countries are striking and levels of treatment and control are inadequate despite half those sampled being aware of their condition, emphasizing the need for new approaches towards control of this major risk factor.
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The burden of blood pressure-related disease: a neglected priority for global health
TL;DR: The provision of blood pressure–lowering treatments to a much broader group of patients at risk of serious cardiovascular diseases, among whom blood pressure levels were often only modestly elevated, contributed importantly to the declines in stroke and coronary disease deaths rates experienced by most Western populations.
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Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants With Necrotizing Enterocolitis A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
TL;DR: Survivors of stage II or higher NEC are at risk for long-term neurodevelopmental impairment, especially if they require surgery for the illness.
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