Prevalência da prova tuberculínica positiva entre alunos da Faculdade de Medicina de Campos (RJ)
01 Aug 2004-Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia (Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia)-Vol. 30, Iss: 4, pp 350-357
TL;DR: The TST positivity rate was high among students, and TST was correlated with in-hospital training stage, and evaluation of the booster effect lead to highly recommended boosters in order to reduce the number of false-negative TST results.
Abstract: INTRODUCAO:O Hospital Ferreira Machado, utilizado em parte das atividades de treinamento clinico dos alunos da graduacao da Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, admitiu 65 pacientes com tuberculose em 2001 OBJETIVO: Quantificar a resposta cutânea ao PPD e descrever a prova tuberculinica (PT) positiva entre os alunos Identificar e analisar os fatores associados a PT positiva Comparar as taxas de PT positiva, incluindo o efeito booster e estimar a prevalencia da PT positiva nos diferentes periodos da graduacao METODO: Estudo transversal de 500 alunos de medicina matriculados no primeiro semestre de 2002 Informacoes sobre caracteristicas socio-demograficas, vacinacao pelo BCG e exposicoes potenciais a TB foram obtidas por meio de questionario padronizado e validado A PT foi feita por profissional habilitado pelo Ministerio da Saude, usando-se PPD Rt23 atraves da tecnica de Mantoux feita em dois tempos RESULTADOS: Dos 500 alunos elegiveis, 316 (63,2%) foram incluidos A analise mostrou taxas crescentes de positividade a PT feita em dois tempos, de acordo com o progredir das atividades praticas (4,0%, 6,4% e 13,1%) e uma tendencia de associacao entre o periodo profissional e a PT positiva O maior percentual de PT positiva foi encontrado durante os anos de treinamento clinico, o que corresponde ao maior tempo de exposicao a pacientes (1000 horas) CONCLUSAO: A prevalencia da primeira PT positiva foi de 1,4% (5/345) Apos o segundo teste, a proporcao de PT positiva foi elevada (7,9%); 3) O periodo profissional (maior tempo de exposicao a pacientes) mostrou tendencia de associacao com a PT positiva A pesquisa do efeito booster mostrou-se altamente recomendavel pois reduz a PT falso-negativa
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, a perfil epidemiologico dos cases of tuberculose notificados by profissionais of saude in the Programa de Controle da Tuberculose do Hospital Universitario Cassiano Antonio de Moraes, em Vitoria (ES) Brazil, was investigated.
Abstract: OBJETIVO: Tracar o perfil epidemiologico dos casos notificados de tuberculose entre os profissionais de saude no Programa de Controle da Tuberculose do Hospital Universitario Cassiano Antonio de Moraes, em Vitoria (ES) Brasil. METODOS: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo de dados secundarios no periodo de 2002 a 2006. RESULTADOS: Foram notificados 25 casos de profissionais de saude com tuberculose: 8 tecnicos de enfermagem (32%); 4 medicos (16%); 3 enfermeiros (12%); 2 tecnicos em radiologia (8%) e 8 profissionais pertencentes a outras categorias (32%); 14 do sexo masculino (56%) e 11 do sexo feminino (44%). A faixa etaria com maior incidencia foi a de 35-39 anos. A forma clinica predominante foi a extrapulmonar com 12 casos (48%), seguido da pulmonar com 11 casos (44%), e 2 casos (8%) apresentaram ambas as manifestacoes. Entre os agravos associados, AIDS, etilismo e tabagismo apresentaram a mesma proporcao entre a populacao do estudo: 33,3%. Quanto ao desfecho, houve 22 casos de cura (88%), 2 transferencias (8%) e 1 obito (4%). A proporcao de profissionais de saude com diagnostico de tuberculose no periodo estudado foi de 2,53%. CONCLUSOES: Os resultados deste estudo apontam a necessidade de os profissionais de saude que trabalham nos programas de controle da tuberculose preencherem o campo "ocupacao profissional" nas fichas de notificacao do Sistema de Informacao de Agravos de Notificacao. Alem disso, apontam para a necessidade da implementacao de um programa de controle de tuberculose ocupacional.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors contribute to the debate on the nosocomial transmission of TB among health professionals in a country where TB is endemic by providing a review of the literature.
Abstract: The objective of this review was to contribute to the debate on the nosocomial transmission of TB among health professionals in a country where TB is endemic Prior to 1900, there was no reason to believe that health professionals interacting with TB patients were more susceptible to becoming infected with the bacillus than was the general population Between 1920 and 1930, various studies showed significant findings regarding the rates of positive tuberculin skin tests among students in the area of health care However, most clinicians remained skeptical about the susceptibility of health professionals to becoming infected with TB In the various locales where the treatment of patients with TB has been implemented, health professionals have been described as an especially predisposed population to becoming infected with and developing active TB It is urgent that the scientific community and health professionals become mobilized, recognizing themselves as a population at risk of developing TB, and that actions be taken in order to minimize the potential risks of acquiring the disease at locales where patients with TB are treated
26 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The results show the need for heath care workers who work in the tuberculosis control program to fill out the field "professional occupation" on the tuberculosis case registry database reporting forms, and draws attention to the need to implement an occupationalculosis control program.
Abstract: Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases reported among health care workers in the Tuberculosis Control Program of the Cassiano Antnio de Moraes University Hospital in Vitoria, Brazil. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of secondary data was conducted between 2002 and 2006. Results: Twenty-five cases of health care workers with tuberculosis were reported: 8 in nursing technicians (32%); 4 in doctors (16%); 3 in nurses (12%); 2 in radiology technicians (8%) and 8 in professionals from other categories (32%). Of those 25 health care workers, 14 (56%) were male and 11 (44%) were female. The incidence of the disease was highest among those from 35 to 39 years of age. The predominant clinical presentation was extrapulmonary (12 cases, 48%), followed by pulmonary (11 cases, 44%) and a combination of the two (2 cases, 8%). Regarding comorbidities, AIDS, alcoholism and smoking, respectively, were present in 33.3% of the study population. Outcomes were as follows: 22 cases of cure (88%); 2 transfers (8%); and 1 death (4%). The proportion of health care workers diagnosed with tuberculosis in the period studied was 2.53%. Conclusions: The results show the need for heath care workers who work in the tuberculosis control program to fill out the field ‘professional occupation’ on the tuberculosis case registry database reporting forms. In addition, this situation draws attention to the need to implement an occupational tuberculosis control program.
25 citations
Cites background or result from "Prevalência da prova tuberculínica ..."
...2008;34(8):00-00 in Campos, Brazil....
[...]
...2008;34(8):00-00 in Campos, Brazil.(7,10) Despite the significant differences in prevalence and incidence of the infection, when compared to those reported at the beginning of last century, the values obtained in these recent studies suggest that these professionals are at greater risk than is the general population....
[...]
...tuberculosis transmission in students and health care workers.(3-12) In addition, other studies showed significant increases in noso-...
[...]
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: The results show the need for heath care workers who work in the tuberculosis control program to fill out the field “professional occupation” on the tuberculosis case registry database reporting forms, and draws attention to the need to implement an occupational TB control program.
Abstract: Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases reported among health care workers in the Tuberculosis Control Program of the Cassiano Antonio of Moraes University Hospital in Vitoria, Brazil. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of secondary data was conducted between 2002 and 2006. Results: Twenty-five cases of health care workers with tuberculosis were reported: 8 in nursing technicians (32%); 4 in doctors (16%); 3 in nurses (12%); 2 in radiology technicians (8%) and 8 in professionals from other categories (32%). Of those 25 health care workers, 14 (56%) were male and 11 (44%) were female. The incidence of the disease was highest among those from 35 to 39 years of age. The predominant clinical presentation was extrapulmonary (12 cases, 48%), followed by pulmonary (11 cases, 44%) and a combination of the two (2 cases, 8%). Regarding comorbidities, AIDS, alcoholism and smoking, respectively, were present in 33.3% of the study population. Outcomes were as follows: 22 cases of cure (88%); 2 transfers (8%); and 1 death (4%). The proportion of health care workers diagnosed with tuberculosis in the period studied was 2.53%. Conclusions: The results show the need for heath care workers who work in the tuberculosis control program to fill out the field “professional occupation” on the tuberculosis case registry database reporting forms. In addition, this situation draws attention to the need to implement an occupational tuberculosis control program.
24 citations
TL;DR: The conclusion is that the establishment of a program of tuberculin screening jointly with the implementation of interventions is necessary in order to reduce the risk of nosocomial transmission.
Abstract: Several studies have demonstrated an elevated prevalence amongst professionals of mycobacterium tuberculosis, both in the rate of infections and illness. This study was carried out in a School Hospital in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, aiming to establish the prevalence of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The results of the analysis of 194 subjects showed an overall positivity for the tuberculin test of 38.7%. There was a correlation with smoking (p=0.01, RP=1. 72 (1.20-2.45- Yates’s correction). The conclusion is that the establishment of a program of tuberculin screening jointly with the implementation of interventions is necessary in order to reduce the risk of nosocomial transmission.
18 citations
Cites background from "Prevalência da prova tuberculínica ..."
...These results suggest that, despite the age factor, occupational exposure presents a risk for acquiring the infection, and that preventive interventions are fundamental in the professionals’ admission period((10-11,13))....
[...]
...Moreover, an association was observed between positive tuberculin test and hospital activity time of more than five years, without relation to variables like education level and family income((12-13))....
[...]
References
More filters
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: In el sistema moderno de prestacion de atencion de salud puede aportar beneficios importantes, pero conlleva un riesgo inevitable de que ocurran eventos adversos, y, efectivamente, ocurren con demasiada frecuencia as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: 1. Las intervenciones de atencion de salud se realizan con el proposito de beneficiar a los pacientes, pero tambien pueden causarles dano. La combinacion compleja de procesos, tecnologias e interacciones humanas que constituye el sistema moderno de prestacion de atencion de salud puede aportar beneficios importantes. Sin embargo, tambien conlleva un riesgo inevitable de que ocurran eventos adversos, y, efectivamente, ocurren con demasiada frecuencia.
910 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, mortality and years of potential life lost were estimated for each U.S. state based on the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the CDC data, and the median estimate for the number of smoking-attributable deaths among states was 5619.
Abstract: Mortality and years of potential life lost were estimated for each [U.S.] state....Estimates of smoking prevalence were obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the U.S. Bureau of the Census and mortality data were obtained from CDC. The median estimate for the number of smoking-attributable deaths among states was 5619....Within each state the number of smoking-attributable deaths among males was approximately twice as high as among females....The number of years of potential life lost ranged from 6720 (Alaska) to 498297 (California). (EXCERPT)
798 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The overall tuberculosis situation in the world in 1990 and its recent trends are reviewed by an analysis of the case notifications to WHO and tuberculosis mortality reports, confirming the very high global magnitude of the tuberculosis problem and calls for an urgent revitalization of tuberculosis control programmes throughout the world.
Abstract: The overall tuberculosis situation in the world in 1990 and its recent trends are reviewed by an analysis of the case notifications to WHO and tuberculosis mortality reports. Estimates of the prevalence of tuberculosis infection and the incidence of tuberculosis disease and deaths predicted in 1990 were carried out with simple epidemiological models. Approximately one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the past decade, an average of 2.5 to 3.2 million cases were notified every year globally, the small decrease in notification rates in recent years being offset by population growth. In 1990, an estimated 8 million people developed tuberculosis worldwide and 2.6 to 2.9 million died. The majority of these cases and deaths occurred in Asia, with an increasing number among HIV-infected individuals, especially in Africa where an upward trend is clearly detectable. Data on tuberculosis cases notified by WHO Member States demonstrate the magnitude of the problem but must be interpreted with caution. Being less than the expected incidence, they reflect the inadequacies of tuberculosis control programmes. This review confirms the very high global magnitude of the tuberculosis problem and calls for an urgent revitalization of tuberculosis control programmes throughout the world.
545 citations
TL;DR: To determine the frequency, magnitude, and causes of the booster phenomenon in tuberculin testing, a total of 1,478 employees from 10 hospitals throughout the United States received sequential intradermal tests using PPD-T.
Abstract: To determine the frequency, magnitude, and causes of the booster phenomenon in tuberculin testing, a total of 1,478 employees from 10 hospitals throughout the United States received sequential intradermal tests using PPD-T. In addition, approximately 70 per cent were initially tested with PPD-G. Boosting was found in all age groups tested, but increased with age. It occurred as soon as one week after an initial tuberculin test, but rarely before that time. The boosted reactions were apparently caused either by remote tuberculous infection or recent or remote sensitization by one or more of the nontuberculous mycobacteria. In areas endemic for nontuberculous mycobacteria, they are the most likely cause of the sensitivity that may be boosted. On the basis of these findings, it is recommended that when repeated tuberculin testing is required as part of a hospital control program, a second identical tuberculin test be given one week after the first. When subsequent tests are given, this should permit separation of boosted reactions from reactions caused by new infections. Persons who do not boost when giben repeat tests at one week, but whose tuberuclin reactions change to positive after one year, should be considered to have newly acquired tuberculous infection and managed accordingly.
162 citations