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Principles of sediment transport in rivers, estuaries and coastal seas

01 Jan 1993-
About: The article was published on 1993-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1962 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Sediment transport.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The DELFT3D-FLOW module as discussed by the authors is a 3D flow solver for modeling sediment transport patterns in the water column of the DELFT-3D flow model, which is used to model both suspended and bedload transport of noncohesive sediment.

1,641 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A three-dimensional numerical model that implements algorithms for sediment transport and evolution of bottom morphology in the coastal-circulation model Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS v3.0), and provides a two-way link between ROMS and the wave model Simulating Waves in the Nearshore (SWAN) via the Model-Coupling Toolkit.

715 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of fine silt on the bed composition and on initiation of motion (critical conditions) of sediment beds over the full range of conditions (silts to gravel) is discussed.
Abstract: Attention is given to the properties of sediment beds over the full range of conditions (silts to gravel), in particular the effect of fine silt on the bed composition and on initiation of motion (critical conditions) is discussed. High-quality bed-load transport data sets are identified and analyzed, showing that the bed-load transport in the sand range is related to velocity to power 2.5. The bed-load transport is not much affected by particle size. The prediction of bed roughness is addressed and the prediction of bed-load transport in steady river flow is extended to coastal flow applying an intrawave approach. Simplified bed-load transport formulas are presented, which can be used to obtain a quick estimate of bed-load transport in river and coastal flows. It is shown that the sediment transport of fine silts to coarse sand can be described in a unified model framework using fairly simple expressions. The proposed model is fully predictive in the sense that only the basic hydrodynamic parameters (dep...

604 citations


Cites background or methods or result from "Principles of sediment transport in..."

  • ...Based on analysis of laboratory data sand ripples in movable-bed experiments in a wave-current basin van Rijn 1993 , the following empirical expression was proposed see also Nielsen 1992; You and Nielsen 1996 ka/ks,c = exp Uw/uc with maximum value of 10 9 where =0.8+ -0.3 2 and =angle between wave…...

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  • ...10 , which is valid for both steady and oscillatory flow, is slightly different from that of the TR1993 model van Rijn 1993 ....

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  • ...Megaripples and dunes are assumed to be absent for silt and clay beds. van Rijn 1984c, 1993 has shown that megaripples and dunes are related to the flow depth h and to the flow regime mobility parameter ....

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  • ...Historical overviews of the complicated sediment transport and bed roughness problem are given by Graf 1971 , Vanoni 1975 , and Yalin 1977 for the river regime and by Sleath 1984 , Nielsen 1992 , Fredsøe and Deigaard 1992 , Soulsby 1997 , and van Rijn 1993, 2007 for the coastal regime....

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  • ...…motion=uc / uc+Uw ; uc=depth-averaged current velocity; Uw=peak orbital velocity; =coefficient related to vertical structure of velocity profile van Rijn 1993 ; Aw =peak orbital diameter near the bed; h=water depth m ; b,cr =critical bed-shear stress according to Shields; s=sediment density;…...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of suspended sediment transport in river and coastal flows is addressed and a simplified transport formula is presented, which can be used to obtain a quick estimate of suspended transport.
Abstract: The problem of suspended sediment transport in river and coastal flows is addressed. High-quality field data of river and coastal flows have been selected and clustered into four particle size classes 60-100, 100-200, 200-400, and 400-600 m. The suspended sand transport is found to be strongly dependent on particle size and on current velocity. The suspended sand transport in the coastal zone is found to be strongly dependent on the relative wave height Hs/h, particularly for current velocities in the range 0.2-0.5 m/s. The time-averaged over the wave period advection-diffusion equation is applied to compute the time-averaged sand concentration profile for combined current and wave conditions. Flocculation, hindered settling, and stratification effects are included by fairly simple expressions. The bed-shear stress is based on a new bed roughness predictor. The reference concentration function has been recalibrated using laboratory and field data for combined steady and oscillatory flow. The computed transport rates show reasonably good agreement within a factor of 2 with measured values for velocities in the range of 0.6-1.8 m/s and sediments in the range of 60-600 m. The proposed method underpredicts in the low-velocity range 0.6 m/s. A new simplified transport formula is presented, which can be used to obtain a quick estimate of suspended transport. The modeling of wash load transport in river flow based on the energy concept of Bagnold shows that an extremely large amount of very fine sediment clay and very fine silt can be transported by the flow.

455 citations


Cites background or methods or result from "Principles of sediment transport in..."

  • ...The near-bed mixing parameter s,w,bed was found to be slightly dependent on the particle size, based on analysis of sand concentration profiles of experiments with bed material in the range of 100–300 m van Rijn 1993 ....

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  • ...Based on a very limited dataset van Rijn 1993 , the w factor was found to be related to particle size D*....

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  • ...Based on experimental data, van Rijn 1993 has shown that Eq....

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  • ...The experimental results of Einstein and Chien 1955 and those of Winterwerp et al. 1990 suggest that the overall roughness is somewhat larger due to the presence of a large sediment load van Rijn 1993 compared to the roughness in a similar clear water flow....

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  • ...The current-related suspended sand transport can be determined from qs,c = a h ucdz 16 where c concentration profile, u velocity profile including wave–current interaction effects van Rijn 1993 ....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present information of coastal processes on these time scales and assess the predictive capabilities of Profile models with respect to hydrodynamics and morphodynamics at sandy beaches on the time scales of storms and seasons.

448 citations


Cites background or methods from "Principles of sediment transport in..."

  • ...41 (Van Rijn, 2000a). However, analysis of the field data shows that the wave height distribution was bimodal rather than Rayleigh-distributed. Fig. 4.7. Computed and measured bed profiles, Storm period. Top: Models of DH, HR and UU. Bottom: Models of UC and UL. L.C. van Rijn et al. / Coastal Engineering 47 (2003) 295–327 316...

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  • ...The UNIBESTmodel is based on a local intra-wave sand transport equation (Ribberink, 1998; Van Rijn, 1993) as a function of the local instantaneous near-bed velocity....

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  • ...The CROSMOR model also uses this approach based on the Van Rijn (1993) method applied to individual waves (wave by wave approach); the high-frequency suspended load transport is included....

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  • ...Results of Area models (Van Rijn, 2000a) show that circulation cell effects are absent during storm events, but these circulation effects are rather pronounced at depressions in the inner bar during low tide (ebb) in combination with low-wave energy conditions (offshore wave heights of 1 to 2 m). Fig. 4.8. BSS values for three cross-shore zones: outer bar, inner bar and beach. L.C. van Rijn et al. / Coastal Engineering 47 (2003) 295–327 317...

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  • ...transport of Van Rijn (1993);...

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