Printed circuit board manufacture
01 Jan 1991-pp 130-158
TL;DR: The term printed circuit board (usually abbreviated to PCB), which is synonymous with the term printed wiring board (or PWB), is used to describe a substrate which provides mechanical support and the necessary electrical connections for an electronic circuit.
Abstract: The term printed circuit board (usually abbreviated to PCB), which is synonymous with the term printed wiring board (or PWB), is used to describe a substrate which provides mechanical support and the necessary electrical connections for an electronic circuit. Printed circuit boards have become an almost universal medium upon which electronic circuits are assembled. This makes the ability to manufacture high quality printed circuit boards an essential requirement. Printed circuit board technology has evolved relatively little compared with the other technologies used in the rapidly evolving electronics industry. The electronics industry has a distinct resistance to the introduction of alternative interconnection technologies to the printed circuit board. Some of the reasons for this resistance and hence the almost universal usage of printed circuit boards are as follows.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a hierarchical environmental impact evaluation model was developed and directions for decision-making at various stages of the analysis were provided for process modification and operational change, and the decision algorithm in this revised model adopts a hierarchical evaluation approach and uses five impact categories related to ecological health and seven categories this paper.
Abstract: Considering the growing concerns and importance of environmental issues, manufacturing industrialists, in particular those in electronics manufacturing, are seeking methods to evaluate the environmental performance of their manufacturing processes. These environmental evaluation tools should be capable of performing detailed analysis on the environmental performance of each individual process unit, identifying the environmental improvement opportunity and providing adequate decision support to environmental engineers for process modification and operational change. This paper modifies and improves the environmental impact evaluation model already developed and provides directions for decision-making at various stages of the analysis. The decision algorithm in this revised model adopts a hierarchical environmental impact evaluation approach and uses five impact categories related to ecological health and seven categories related to human health to form the base of an evaluation hierarchy. The algorithm, wi...
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