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Journal ArticleDOI

Prioritization of Low-Volume Pavement Sections for Maintenance by Using Fuzzy Logic

27 Jun 2007-Transportation Research Record (Transportation Research Board of the National Academies)-Iss: 1989, pp 53-60
TL;DR: A pavement management system formulated according to the specific needs and resources of a highway agency should ensure satisfactory pavement performance with minimal maintenance cost as discussed by the authors, which is the most labor intensive, time-consuming, and costly component is the collection of pavement condition data.
Abstract: A pavement management system formulated according to the specific needs and resources of a highway agency should ensure satisfactory pavement performance with minimal maintenance cost. The success of a pavement management system depends on the pavement condition data, accuracy of the prediction of pavement performance, and project-and network-level rehabilitation planning. Of these, the most labor-intensive, time-consuming, and costly component is the collection of pavement condition data. The inventory data include roughness, skid resistance, and surface distresses. Although mechanical instruments are available for rapid collection of roughness and skid resistance data, the collection of distress data for low-volume rural roads is still manual and hence labor-intensive and time-consuming. Subjective rating techniques prove to be a solution to this problem, but their reliability is poor due to the subjectivity associated with them. Therefore, there is a need for a rapid and cost-effective yet reliable met...
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel method to prioritise the pavement maintenance sections by deploying the functional characteristics of the pavement alone and the formulated Maintenance Priority Index (MPI) will be beneficial in ranking the Maintenance and Rehabilitation actions based on the urgency level.
Abstract: India’s road network carries over 90% of passenger traffic and over 65% of its freight movement. Therefore, effective maintenance of road networks is to be accorded the highest importance. Assignin...

20 citations

07 Apr 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a methode rationnelle integree, which permits de prioriser les projets de construction and preservation de routes, en integrant les aspects techniques, economiques, sociaux, and environnementaux.
Abstract: Les investissements des bailleurs de fonds et des gouvernements demeurent clairement insuffisants pour assurer le developpement et la preservation des reseaux routiers dans les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne (ASS). Les outils de gestion qui pourraient faciliter la prise de decisions economiquement viables et socialement acceptables pour la construction, la preservation et la rehabilitation durables des routes manquent. Les effets directs de ces lacunes sont la faible densite de routes revetues et la deterioration avancee des routes existantes. Dans les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne, la prise en compte des aspects sociaux et environnementaux dans la prise de decision en gestion des chaussees est en effet tres limitee, voire inexistante. C’est dans ce cadre, que cette these a pour objectif de proposer une approche qui permet de prioriser les projets de construction et de preservation de routes, en integrant les aspects techniques, economiques, sociaux et environnementaux, au niveau reseau puis au niveau projet. Cette approche est basee sur l’indice de priorite de financement des routes (IPFR) pour la priorisation et la selection adequates des projets routiers au niveau reseau. Cet indice se base sur la saisie et l’analyse en composantes principales de donnees routieres pour en degager des indicateurs techniques, economiques, sociaux et environnementaux. Dans la premiere partie de cette these, un IPFR est propose pour classer conjointement les deux types de projets routiers par priorite de financement. Par la suite, quatre projets de construction (bitumage de routes non-revetues) et six projets de preservation, totalisant 330 km de routes, ont ete selectionnes selon leur admissibilite au programme du bailleur de fonds et sur la base de leur IPFR. Ces projets prioritaires necessitent des investigations et des analyses approfondies au niveau projet, d’ou l’importance de developper des methodes rationnelles integrees. Au niveau projet, deux methodes rationnelles integrees permettent de determiner respectivement les meilleures interventions de bitumage et d’entretien periodique. Une premiere methode rationnelle integree est proposee dans la seconde partie de cette these afin de choisir les meilleures options de bitumage pour les routes non revetues. Cette methode est fondee sur le dimensionnement mecaniste-empirique et l’integration des aspects environnementaux et sociaux dans l’analyse economique conventionnelle via une analyse multicritere. L’option de bitumage en enrobe dense (ED), selectionnee grâce a cette methode, permet de maximiser la valeur actuelle nette et les avantages sociaux, d’ameliorer le confort au roulement et de reduire le risque d’accident ainsi que de reduire la pollution atmospherique. Une deuxieme methode rationnelle est presentee dans la troisieme partie de cette these pour determiner les meilleures interventions d’entretien de routes candidates selon la reduction de consommation d’energie, la reduction des quantites et des couts des emissions polluantes (CCVEE), des couts totaux de transports (CTCV) et des contraintes budgetaires sur une periode de 20 ans. Les meilleures interventions choisies a l’aide de cette deuxieme methode sont des options d’entretien periodique permettant de reduire d’environ 23% la consommation d’energie, d’economiser environ 23 % des CCVEE et 30 % des CTCV. En conclusion, cette these demontre l’importance et la possibilite d’utiliser le concept des routes durables par l’integration quantitative et qualitative des facteurs techniques, economiques, sociaux et environnementaux pour la gestion durable des routes en ASS aux niveaux reseau et projet.

13 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The fuzzy model developed in this work has been demonstrated with a case study and the maintenance strategies suggested are routine and preventive maintenance, major and minor rehabilitation and reconstruction.
Abstract: The combined influence of traffic and environment causes every pavement to deteriorate over time. Maintenance actions help to delay the rate of pavement deterioration. Pavement maintenance demand large amount of fund, resources and time. Prioritization of maintenance work enables to allocate fund and resources in an effective way based on the performance evaluation of the pavement section(s). There are different maintenance prioritization mechanisms exist to evaluate a pavement. From the review of past literature, it is observed that fuzzy logic has not been used to evaluate interlocking concrete block pavements (ICBP). This research is an attempt to implement fuzzy logic for the purpose of maintenance prioritization on ICBP. The distresses of ICBP considered in this study are rutting, depression and damaged paver blocks. The distress density is given as inputs in the fuzzy prioritization model. The outputs are the pavement condition index (PCI) and the maintenance strategy to be adopted. An experts’ survey was conducted to define the boundaries of the membership functions of the input (distresses) and output (PCI and maintenance strategies) parameters. The triangular membership function is used in this study. The maintenance strategies suggested are routine and preventive maintenance, major and minor rehabilitation and reconstruction. The fuzzy model developed in this work has been demonstrated with a case study.

10 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a method was developed to recommend improvements for unsealed earth and gravel roads that are not up to the standard expected for their functional classes by using a visual survey method.
Abstract: A method was developed to recommend improvements for unsealed earth and gravel roads that are not up to the standard expected for their functional class. As part of a pilot asset management program carried out by the Wyoming Technology Transfer Center, roads were rated for several distresses, including corrugations-washboards, rutting, potholes, loose aggregate, drainage, dust, and overall condition by using a visual survey method. These ratings were used to calculate a surfacing serviceability index (SSI) for each road section. This SSI was compared with the minimum acceptable SSI for the section's functional class. When the section's SSI was below this threshold value, improvement tasks were selected from a decision matrix, and the most expensive task was recommended to address the section's inadequate surface condition. This process allows an agency to present its elected officials with a list of roads in their network that need improvement, along with an estimate of the cost of these improvements. The...

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fuzzy and fuzzy models were developed for IRI and FPCI, and a straight line adjustment was used to relate the predicted to the observed data and the corresponding correlation coefficient was calculated and residuals were analyzed.
Abstract: The objective of this paper was to develop fuzzy models for asphalt pavement performance. The fuzzy logic can convert linguistic or qualitative variables into quantitative values. This feature makes it possible to gather experts’ experience about the knowledge they have on factors that affect the pavement performance and its state condition. Forms developed in an organized way were applied for acquiring the knowledge from experts on pavement construction and maintenance. The variables pavement age, traffic, International Roughness Index (IRI) and Flexible Pavement Condition Index (FPCI) were associated with numerical scales and linguistic concepts such as new, old, light, heavy, good, fair, and poor. From the information obtained through the application of forms, variables were modeled with the aid of software InFuzzy and fuzzy models were developed for IRI and FPCI. For validating the model, a straight line adjustment was used to relate the predicted to the observed data. Also, the corresponding correlation coefficient (r) was calculated and residuals were analyzed. The developed models fitted to observed data and correlation coefficient r = 0.71 and 0.70, respectively.

7 citations


Cites background from "Prioritization of Low-Volume Paveme..."

  • ...Chandran, Isaac, and Veeraragavan (2007) used the mathematics of fuzzy sets to infer about the subjectivity of human judgements on the severity and extent of pavement distresses....

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References
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Book
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic is a true magnum opus; it addresses practically every significant topic in the broad expanse of the union of fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic.
Abstract: Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic is a true magnum opus. An enlargement of Fuzzy Sets, Uncertainty, and Information—an earlier work of Professor Klir and Tina Folger—Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic addresses practically every significant topic in the broad expanse of the union of fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic. To me Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic is a remarkable achievement; it covers its vast territory with impeccable authority, deep insight and a meticulous attention to detail. To view Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic in a proper perspective, it is necessary to clarify a point of semantics which relates to the meanings of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic. A frequent source of misunderstanding fias to do with the interpretation of fuzzy logic. The problem is that the term fuzzy logic has two different meanings. More specifically, in a narrow sense, fuzzy logic, FLn, is a logical system which may be viewed as an extension and generalization of classical multivalued logics. But in a wider sense, fuzzy logic, FL^ is almost synonymous with the theory of fuzzy sets. In this context, what is important to recognize is that: (a) FLW is much broader than FLn and subsumes FLn as one of its branches; (b) the agenda of FLn is very different from the agendas of classical multivalued logics; and (c) at this juncture, the term fuzzy logic is usually used in its wide rather than narrow sense, effectively equating fuzzy logic with FLW In Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic, fuzzy logic is interpreted in a sense that is close to FLW. However, to avoid misunderstanding, the title refers to both fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic. Underlying the organization of Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic is a fundamental fact, namely, that any field X and any theory Y can be fuzzified by replacing the concept of a crisp set in X and Y by that of a fuzzy set. In application to basic fields such as arithmetic, topology, graph theory, probability theory and logic, fuzzification leads to fuzzy arithmetic, fuzzy topology, fuzzy graph theory, fuzzy probability theory and FLn. Similarly, hi application to applied fields such as neural network theory, stability theory, pattern recognition and mathematical programming, fuzzification leads to fuzzy neural network theory, fuzzy stability theory, fuzzy pattern recognition and fuzzy mathematical programming. What is gained through fuzzification is greater generality, higher expressive power, an enhanced ability to model real-world problems and, most importantly, a methodology for exploiting the tolerance for imprecision—a methodology which serves to achieve tractability,

7,131 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...Given a fuzzy set A defined on X and any number α ∈ [0, 1], the α-cut Aα is the crisp set, Aα = {x/A(x) ≥ α} (6)....

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Book
31 Aug 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of bus traffic on Pavement costs and the impact on utility cuts on pavement life and rehabilitation costs are discussed. But the main focus is on road condition prediction models.
Abstract: Pavement Network Definition.- Pavement Condition Survey and Rating Procedure.- Nondestructive Deflection Testing (NDT).- Roughness Measurement and Analysis.- Skid Data Collection and Analysis.- Pavement Condition Prediction Models.- Overview of Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods.- Network-Level Pavement Management-Inventory and Condition Reporting.- Network-Level Pavement Management - M&R Work Planning.- Project-Level Management.- Special Application - Impact of Bus Traffic on Pavement Costs.- Special Application - Impact of Utility Cuts on Pavement Life and Rehabilitation Cost.- Special Application - Development of Council District Budget Allocation Methodology for Pavement Rehabilitation.- Pavement Management Implementation Steps and Expected Benefits.

526 citations


"Prioritization of Low-Volume Paveme..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...METHODS OF FUNCTIONAL CONDITION ASSESSMENT (1)...

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  • ...A PMS is a set of tools or methods that assists the decision makers in the selection of optimum strategies for providing and maintaining pavements in a serviceable condition over the design period (1)....

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  • ...The survey methodology for assessing the surface condition of pavements consists of walking along the pavement section and evaluating the severity of a distress (low, medium, or high) by visual examination and the extent by field measurements with a tape (1)....

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  • ...The first one is the detailed condition assessment and subsequent calculation of PCI with the deduct value method (1)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a fuzzy pavement condition forecasting model is also developed by incorporating subjective probability assessments regarding pavement condition deterioration rates, in the Markov transition process, in order to deal with the subjectivity associated with human judgment of distress severity and extent.
Abstract: Satisfactory maintenance of its highway network is essential for any nation's economic growth. A pavement management system (PMS) formulated according to specific needs and resources of a particular highway maintenance agency would assure satisfactory pavement performance with minimal maintenance cost. Since the collection of detailed pavement condition data is extremely costly and time-consuming, innovative approaches for rapid data collection is in increasing demand among highway agencies with limited PMS budgets. A time-saving and effective data collection approach based on subjective judgment is introduced by the writers for rating predominant distress types found in asphaltic pavements. Inclusion of both severity and extent ratings of distresses is expected to provide a strong basis for eventual maintenance cost computations. The mathematical techniques of fuzzy sets are used to deal with the subjectivity associated with human judgment of distress severity and extent. In addition, the relative importance of each distress type with respect to maintenance is also utilized in the determination of the combined condition index. Several fuzzy aggregation and ranking approaches are explored and the one with the highest computational efficiency is employed for ranking pavement sections with respect to rehabilitation needs. Finally, a fuzzy pavement condition forecasting model is also developed by incorporating subjective probability assessments regarding pavement condition deterioration rates, in the Markov transition process. Specific transition probability matrices for different distress types are used in this approach to overcome the deficiencies of the traditional PCI approach. The potential applicability of the methodology is tested on the major pavement network of Sri Lanka and its effectiveness and the execution ease are demonstrated.

79 citations


"Prioritization of Low-Volume Paveme..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Subjective rating methods, though affected by human uncertainty, can be used effectively for reliable pavement evaluation if the subjectivity associated with these measurements is eliminated by mathematical techniques such as fuzzy logic (2)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The research shows that the level of annual budget is very sensitive to variations of the required proportion of pavement in the low roughness requirement, when this proportion is higher than 0.91.
Abstract: The objective of the current network optimization system (NOS) model used in Arizona is to minimize annual pavement preservation cost over the planning period. This paper presents an alternative NOS model with the objective of maximizing pavement performance. In addition, fuzzy set representations for different pavement factors are introduced to determine the pavement performance ratings for various pavement condition states, which are necessary to generate the objective function. In this performance-oriented NOS, a uniform annual budget is used as a constraint. This NOS model simulates a possible scenario of a state department of transportation (DOT) for effectively using a given budget in the planning period. The pavement network's performance is maximized for the allocated budget. Necessary minimum annual budgets are analyzed for various pavement performance requirements. A rational annual budget for the needed pavement performance standards can be obtained, which may be used as decision support data for future budget allocations. The research shows that the level of annual budget is very sensitive to variations of the required proportion of pavement in the low roughness requirement, when this proportion is higher than 0.91. A small increase of the proportion of pavement in low roughness significantly increases for annual budget needs. A requirement for low cracking has less effect on the needed annual budget.

34 citations


"Prioritization of Low-Volume Paveme..." refers background in this paper

  • ...In the mid-1960s, Professor Lotfi Zadeh of the University of California at Berkeley recognized that the true or false nature of Boolean logic did not account for many problems found in the real world (5)....

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  • ...Low L (0,0,3) Medium M (3,5,7) High H (7,10,10) actual ranges of areas collected....

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  • ...5,9) Important C (3,5,7) Moderately important D (1,2....

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