Probability Relations within Response Sequences under Ratio Reinforcement.
01 Apr 1958-Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior)-Vol. 1, Iss: 2, pp 109-121
About: This article is published in Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.The article was published on 1958-04-01 and is currently open access. It has received 264 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Reinforcement.
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TL;DR: A procedure that rewarded mice in a two lever Skinner box for behavioural sequences only above a certain length induced a kind of counting performance in which the organisms came to discriminate a fixed number of their own responses.
34 citations
TL;DR: Rats were given the task of making at least four lever responses to produce reinforcement following the performance of a tray response in the first phase of the experiment as mentioned in this paper, where no discriminative cues were available to indicate when the count of 4 was satisfied and the animals engaged in regular shuttling between lever and tray.
34 citations
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: This chapter examines the question of whether there is an essential connection between language and number, while looking more broadly at some of the potential innate precursors to the acquisition of the positive integers.
Abstract: This chapter examines the question of whether there is an essential connection between language and number, while looking more broadly at some of the potential innate precursors to the acquisition of the positive integers. It focuses on the theoretical question of how language may figure in an account of the ontogeny of the positive integers. Despite the trend in developmental psychology to suppose that it does, there are actually few detailed accounts on offer. Two exceptions are examined — two theories that give natural language a prominent role to play and that represent the state of the art in the study of mathematical cognition. The first is owing to C. R. Gallistel, Rochel Gelman, and their colleagues; the second to Elizabeth Spelke and her colleagues. Although both accounts are rich and innovative, they face a range of serious objections, in particular, their appeal to language isn't helpful.
33 citations
Cites background from "Probability Relations within Respon..."
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TL;DR: Pigeons' bisection of two number scales, 1-16 and 2-32, was examined in two experiments and showed a good qualitative fit to the obtained data when it was assumed that number was represented on a log scale and generalization was constant at all numbers.
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203 citations
TL;DR: I am indebted to Professor Lighthill for some further illuminating remarks regarding this point and his comments on Heisenberg's Theory of Isotropic Turbulence are highly illuminating.
Abstract: 1 G. K. Batchelor, The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1954). 2 G. K. Batchelor and A. A. Townsend, \"Decay of Turbulence in the Final Period of Decay,\" Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A, 194, 527-543, 1948. 3 W. Heisenberg, \"Zur statistischen Theorie der Turbulenz,\" Z. Physik, 124, 628-657, 1948. 4W. H. Reid, \"Two Remarks on Heisenberg's Theory of Isotropic Turbulence,\" Quart. Appl. Math. 14, 201-205, 1956. 6 Cf. M. J. Lighthill, Nature, 173, 746, 1954. I am indebted to Professor Lighthill for some further illuminating remarks regarding this point.
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