Probability Relations within Response Sequences under Ratio Reinforcement.

doi:10.1901/JEAB.1958.1-109

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Probability Relations within Response Sequences under Ratio Reinforcement.

Journal Article•DOI•

Probability Relations within Response Sequences under Ratio Reinforcement.

01 Apr 1958-Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior)-Vol. 1, Iss: 2, pp 109-121

About: This article is published in Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.The article was published on 1958-04-01 and is currently open access. It has received 264 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Reinforcement.

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The discrimination and representation of relative and absolute number in pigeons and humans.

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Lavinia Tan

01 Jan 2010

TL;DR: If behavioural tags play a critical role in the accurate discrimination of flash number in the reproduction procedure, then performance should drop or become more variable when stimulus presentation is made response-wise.

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Abstract: ion and one-to-one correspondence (Alilbali & DiRusso, 1999; Boysen et al., 1995). Thus, requiring a key-peck for every flash presentation may have helped subjects keep track of the number of flashes and consequently improved discriminative ability. If behavioural tags play a critical role in the accurate discrimination of flash number in the reproduction procedure, then performance should drop or become more variable when stimulus presentation is made response-

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2 citations

Cites background or result from "Probability Relations within Respon..."

...…2001), as well as constructive tasks in which subjects have to produce a specific number of responses or select stimuli in numerical order (Beran & Rumbaugh, 2001; Beran, Rumbaugh, & SavageRumbaugh, 1998; Biro & Matsuzawa, 2001; Brannon & Terrace, 2000; Mechner, 1958; Xia, Siemann, & Delius, 2000)....
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...Results were consistent with previous studies (Mechner, 1958; Platt & Johnson, 1971); subjects were able to learn to switch to response key B after making a certain number of n responses had been made on response key A over a wide range of n values....
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...Typical FCN procedures (Machado & Rodrigues, 2008; Mechner, 1958; Platt & Johnson, 1971,) have no upper limit on response requirements; reinforcement follows any response run equal to or greater than the target number....
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...Mechner (1958) reported that one of his rats appeared to use the completion of a semicircle drawn with one paw to determine the criterion number of lever presses performed by the other....
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...In a pioneering study, Mechner (1958) investigated discrimination of number in response sequences in fixed-ratio and fixed consecutive number (FCN) schedules....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Human versus nonhuman abilities: Is there a difference which really counts?

[...]

Annette Karmiloff-Smith

01 Dec 1988-Behavioral and Brain Sciences

2 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Effects of septal lesions on the discrimination of fixed-ratio performance.

[...]

Steven L. Cohen, Alex Poplawsky

01 Aug 1982-Physiology & Behavior

TL;DR: Rats with septal lesions and control rats were required to press the center lever of a three lever operant chamber a fixed number of times before activating the side levers, suggesting that septAL lesions interfere with rats' ability to monitor response-produced proprioceptive stimuli.

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2 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Acute effects of centrophenoxine short term administration on counting behavior in rats.

[...]

Fabio Idrobo¹, David I. Mostofsky¹, Kalidas Nandy¹•Institutions (1)

Boston University¹

01 Oct 1988-International Journal of Neuroscience

TL;DR: After Centrophenoxine injections, the number of consecutive lever presses was lower relative to baseline measures, and the measures of variability indicated that although the consecutive number of responses was lower this could not be accounted for in terms of run length variability.

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Abstract: This experiment assessed the effects of Centrophenoxine on counting behavior in rats. Intraperitoneal Centrophenoxine injections were given to rats before training on a 20-fixed-consecutive-number schedule of reinforcement. The primary measure was the number of consecutive lever presses. After Centrophenoxine injections, the number of consecutive lever presses was lower relative to baseline measures. The measures of variability indicated that although the consecutive number of responses was lower this could not be accounted for in terms of run length variability. The behavioral pattern produced by the injections was discussed in terms of possible shortterm physiological effects that affect performance.

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2 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Some further clarifications of numerical terminology using results from young children

[...]

Karen C. Fuson¹•Institutions (1)

Northwestern University¹

01 Dec 1988-Behavioral and Brain Sciences

2 citations

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References

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Book•

The Behavior of Organisms

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B. F. Skinner

01 Jan 1938

3,337 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The dependence of interresponse times upon the relative reinforcement of different interresponse times.

[...]

Douglas Anger

01 Sep 1956-Journal of Experimental Psychology

340 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Extinction as a function of partial reinforcement and distribution of practice.

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Virginia F. Sheffield¹•Institutions (1)

Yale University¹

01 Aug 1949-Journal of Experimental Psychology

203 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

On the classification of reinforcement schedules

[...]

W. N. Schoenfeld¹, W. W. Cumming, Eliot Hearst•Institutions (1)

Columbia University¹

01 Aug 1956-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

TL;DR: I am indebted to Professor Lighthill for some further illuminating remarks regarding this point and his comments on Heisenberg's Theory of Isotropic Turbulence are highly illuminating.

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Abstract: 1 G. K. Batchelor, The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence (Cambridge: At the University Press, 1954). 2 G. K. Batchelor and A. A. Townsend, \"Decay of Turbulence in the Final Period of Decay,\" Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A, 194, 527-543, 1948. 3 W. Heisenberg, \"Zur statistischen Theorie der Turbulenz,\" Z. Physik, 124, 628-657, 1948. 4W. H. Reid, \"Two Remarks on Heisenberg's Theory of Isotropic Turbulence,\" Quart. Appl. Math. 14, 201-205, 1956. 6 Cf. M. J. Lighthill, Nature, 173, 746, 1954. I am indebted to Professor Lighthill for some further illuminating remarks regarding this point.

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133 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Satiation effects under fixed-ratio schedules of reinforcement.

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Murray Sidman, William C. Stebbins

01 Apr 1954-Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

129 citations