Problèmes de linguistique générale

doi:10.2307/411466

Journal Article•DOI•

Problèmes de linguistique générale

01 Mar 1968-Language (Gallimard)-Vol. 44, Iss: 1, pp 91

About: This article is published in Language.The article was published on 1968-03-01. It has received 1838 citations till now.

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Dissertation•

De l'analysibilité des racines de l'hébreu biblique

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Jonas Sibony

18 Nov 2013

TL;DR: Notre etude s’inscrit dans le cadre de la theorie des matrices et des etymons (TME), principalement elaboree par G. Bohas et A. Saguer as discussed by the authors, propose a reorganisation du lexique des langues semitiques non plus sur la base de phonemes mais de traits phonetiques.

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Abstract: Notre etude s’inscrit dans le cadre de la theorie des matrices et des etymons (TME), principalement elaboree par G. Bohas (1997, 2000), G. Bohas et M. Dat (2007) et G. Bohas et A. Saguer (2012). Ce nouvel outil propose une reorganisation du lexique des langues semitiques non plus sur la base de phonemes mais de traits phonetiques. Cette perspective mene a contester le caractere primitif de la notion de racine triconsonantique developpee par les grammairiens arabes du Moyen-Âge. De plus, la TME permet de rendre compte d’un certain nombre de regularites observees dans le lexique, telles que les liens phonetico-semantiques existants entre certains radicaux, l’aspect mimetique de la structure du signe, la polysemie des racines triliteres, etc. Notre these traite dans ce cadre du vocabulaire de l’hebreu biblique et se presente en trois parties. Dans un premier temps est donnee une description complete du fonctionnement de la theorie, suit un developpement du vocabulaire de sept champs notionnels contraints par un cadre phonetique stable puis nous proposons un dictionnaire presentant une reorganisation totale du lexique hebraique ancien sur la base d’etymons biliteres.

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23 citations

Book Chapter•DOI•

The Creation of Morphological Zeroes

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Harold Koch¹•Institutions (1)

Australian National University¹

01 Jan 1995

TL;DR: This paper is concerned with reanalyses that create zero exponents of morphological properties and will survey a number of types of such reanalysis and make generalisations about what kinds of word-forms are liable to be reanalysed.

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Abstract: This paper is concerned with reanalyses that create zero exponents of morphological properties. It will survey a number of types of such reanalysis and try to make generalisations about what kinds of word-forms are liable to be reanalysed. The characteristics of these candidates for reanalysis include both the kinds of category information they code and the formal means by which this information is coded.

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23 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Translation and other acts of meaning: In between cognitive semiotics and semiotics of culture

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Göran Sonesson

01 Dec 2014-Cognitive Semiotics

TL;DR: The authors characterizes translation as a double act of meaning, taking into account the instances of sending and receiving of both acts involved: the first one at the level of cognition and the second one at a level of communication.

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Abstract: If translation is an act of meaning transaction, semiotics should be able to define its specificity in relation to other semiotic acts. Instead, following upon suggestions by Roman Jakobson, the Tartu school, and, more implicitly, Charles Sanders Peirce, the notion of translation has been generalized to cover more or less everything that can be done within and between semiotic resources. In this paper, we start out from a definition of communication elaborated by the author in an earlier text, characterizing translation as a double act of meaning. This characterization takes into account the instances of sending and receiving of both acts involved: the first one at the level of cognition and the second one at the level of communication. Given this definition, we show that Jakobson’s “intralinguistic translation” is, in a sense, the opposite of translation and that his “intersemiotic translation” has important differences and well as similarities to real translation. We also suggest that “cultural translation” has very little to do with translation proper except, in some cases, at the end of its operation. Peirce’s idea of exchanging signs for other signs is better understood as a characterization of tradition.

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23 citations

Cites background from "Problèmes de linguistique générale"

...Emile Benveniste (1966) suggested in a famous analysis that what is ordinarily considered the pronouns of the first, second, and third persons should really be considered the result of combining two different dimensions, the correlation of personality, which opposes the person to the non-person, and, within the former pole, the correlation of subjectivity, which opposes the subject to the non-subject. The traditional third person, in this sense, is no person at all, and it is opposed to two kinds of persons: the one identified as the speaker and the one identified as the listener.(5) Tesnière (1969) later proposed to use the somewhat more enlightening but more cumbersome terms autoontive, antiontive, and anontive – respectively: the one who exists in itself, the one who exists in opposition (to the first one), and the one who, properly speaking, does not exist at all. It could be said, then, that Culture is the domain of the subject or autoontive while Extraculture is the domain of the non-subject or antiontive. Non-culture, finally, is the residence of the Non-person, or anontive. It seems particular proper to describe Non-culture as that which does not properly exist. Among the classical discoverers of the New world, Columbus, making lists of all kinds of resources and including human beings among precious metals, animals, and plants, is a good example of somebody conceiving the American continent as an Alius – while Cortés, employing an interpreter and using the myths of the Aztecs to integrate himself into their world, adopts the attitude one has to an Alter (cf. Todorov 1982). In our context, it is interesting to note that, while Columbus took with him an interpreter who understood Hebrew and Arabic, apparently expecting to find the natives speaking some kind of generic foreign language, Cortés managed to set up a chain of translators, Aquilar interpreting from Spanish to Maya and vice-versa, and Malintzin interpreting from Maya to Nahuatl and vice versa (cf. Figure 3 and Miralles 2004). Given these definitions, it might be better, following a suggestion by Anna Cabak Redei (2007), to adopt the terms Ego-culture, Alter-culture, and Alius-culture....
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...Emile Benveniste (1966) suggested in a famous analysis that what is ordinarily considered the pronouns of the first, second, and third persons should really be considered the result of combining two different dimensions, the correlation of personality, which opposes the person to the non-person, and, within the former pole, the correlation of subjectivity, which opposes the subject to the non-subject. The traditional third person, in this sense, is no person at all, and it is opposed to two kinds of persons: the one identified as the speaker and the one identified as the listener.(5) Tesnière (1969) later proposed to use the somewhat more enlightening but more cumbersome terms autoontive, antiontive, and anontive – respectively: the one who exists in itself, the one who exists in opposition (to the first one), and the one who, properly speaking, does not exist at all....
[...]
...Emile Benveniste (1966) suggested in a famous analysis that what is ordinarily considered the pronouns of the first, second, and third persons should really be considered the result of combining two different dimensions, the correlation of personality, which opposes the person to the non-person,…...
[...]
...Emile Benveniste (1966) suggested in a famous analysis that what is ordinarily considered the pronouns of the first, second, and third persons should really be considered the result of combining two different dimensions, the correlation of personality, which opposes the person to the non-person, and, within the former pole, the correlation of subjectivity, which opposes the subject to the non-subject....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Base-driven leveling in Yiddish verb paradigms

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Adam Albright¹•Institutions (1)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology¹

26 Aug 2010-Natural Language and Linguistic Theory

TL;DR: Yiddish has virtually no irregular stem vowel changes as mentioned in this paper, unlike many other Germanic languages, Yiddish verbs have the same vowel for all persons and numbers, unlike Middle High German verbs with different patterns of present tense vowel alternations.

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Abstract: A noteworthy feature of Yiddish present tense verbal inflection is that, unlike many other Germanic languages, Yiddish has virtually no irregular stem vowel changes. Whereas Middle High German (the source language for Yiddish verbal inflection1) had numerous subclasses of verbs with different patterns of present tense vowel alternations, Yiddish verbs have the same vowel for all persons and numbers:

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23 citations

Dissertation•

Les Écritures Symboliques de l'Algèbre Élémentaire

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Jean-Philippe Drouhard

15 Dec 1992

TL;DR: In this article, Paquelier, Lymberopoulos and Nikolakarou present travaux for didactique des mathematiques portent sur deux domaines d'inegale importance: the Expressions Symboliques of l'Algebre elementaire ("ESA") d'une part and the situations of Discussions Autour de Problemes ("DAP") de l'autre part.

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Abstract: Les travaux que nous presentons pour l'obtention du doctorat de didactique des mathematiques portent sur deux domaines d'inegale importance: les Expressions Symboliques de l'Algebre elementaire ("ESA") d'une part et les situations de Discussions Autour de Problemes ("DAP") de l'autre. Le corps principal de la these expose "les principales caracteristiques de modeles structuraux, didactiquement plausibles des systemes d'ESA". Ces travaux constituent essentiellement ce que nous appelons une recherche "prodidactique". Il ne s'agit pas d'une etude de didactique de l'algebre au sens strict, qui serait plus ou moins directement applicable a ce qui se passe dans les classes, mais plutot d'une recherche fondamentale sur la structure des expressions symboliques qu'emploient eleves et professeurs en algebre elementaire (ESA), destinee a servir d'outil aux etudes didactiques ulterieures. Cette etude est structuree en trois grandes parties. La premiere (chapitres I a III) expose le probleme, le delimite et le resitue par rapport aux travaux existants. La seconde partie (chap. IV a VIII) presente nos propositions, a savoir une grammaire du systeme des ESA. La troisieme et derniere partie (chap. IX a XIII) est la plus proche de la didactique, en ce qu'elle s'appuie sur des resultats d'enquetes aupres d'eleves pour aborder le domaine de la signification des ESA. En annexe figurent deux articles: * "Recherche d'une demarche d'enseignement en mathematiques avec des adultes", realise en collaboration avec Y. Paquelier et paru en 1987 dans la revue Education Permanente, * "Quelques developpements recents des recherches sur la Discussion Autour de Problemes", realise en collaboration avec Y. Paquelier, H. Lymberopoulos et H. Nikolakarou et paru en 1988 dans les actes de la douzieme conference annuelle du Groupe International "Psychology of Mathematics Education" â Veszprem (Hongrie). Ces articles presentent une recherche d'ordre didactique (et non "pro "didactique). qui se situe dans un domaine tout â [ait different, celui de la construction sociale des connaissances en mathematiques, dans le cadre de la classe. Cette recherche a ete menee en collaboration avec Y. Paquelier. H. Lymberopoulos et H. Nikolakarou.

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