Production and downstream processing of (1→3)-β-D-glucan from mutant strain of Agrobacterium sp . ATCC 31750

doi:10.1186/2191-0855-2-31

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Production and downstream processing of (1→3)-β-D-glucan from mutant strain of Agrobacterium sp . ATCC 31750

Journal Article•DOI•

Production and downstream processing of (1→3)-β-D-glucan from mutant strain of Agrobacterium sp . ATCC 31750

Gayathiri T. Kalyanasundaram¹, Mukesh Doble¹, Sathyanarayana N. Gummadi¹•Institutions (1)

Indian Institute of Technology Madras¹

09 Jun 2012-AMB Express (Springer Berlin Heidelberg)-Vol. 2, Iss: 1, pp 31-31

TL;DR: A mutant that produced higher levels of curdlan than the wild strain Agrobacterium sp.

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Abstract: We isolated a mutant that produced higher levels of curdlan than the wild strain Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31750 by chemical mutagenesis using N-methyl-N-nitro-nitrosoguanidine. The mutant strain produced 66 g/L of curdlan in 120 h with a yield of (0.88) while, the wild strain produced 41 g/L in 120 h with a yield of (0.62) in a stirred bioreactor. The mutant could not produce curdlan when the pH was shifted from 7.0 to 5.5 after nitrogen depletion as followed for wild strain. In contrast, pH optimum for cell growth and curdlan production for mutant was found to be 7.0. We optimized the downstream processing of curdlan by varying different volumes of NaOH and HCl for extraction and precipitation of curdlan. The molecular weight of the purified curdlan from the wild and mutant strain was 6.6 × 105 Da and 5.8 × 105 Da respectively. The monosaccharide analyses confirm that curdlan from both wild and mutant strain contains only glucose units. From the NMR and FTIR data, it has been confirmed that curdlan was exclusively composed of β (1 → 3)-D-glucan residues.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antioxidant and antibacterial activity

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S. Bhakya, S. Muthukrishnan¹, M. Sukumaran, M. Muthukumar¹•Institutions (1)

Bharathidasan University¹

01 Jun 2016-Applied Nanoscience

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of Helicteres isora root extract for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was reported, which showed good antioxidant activity as compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant.

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Abstract: Nanomedicine utilizes biocompatible nanomaterials for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The present study reports the use of Helicteres isora root extract for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The synthesized AgNPs were initially noticed through visual color change from yellow to reddish brown and further confirmed by surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) band at 450 nm using UV–visible spectroscopy. Morphology and size of AgNPs were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study revealed crystalline nature of AgNPs. The prolonged stability of AgNPs was due to capping of oxidized polyphenols and carboxyl protein which was established by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study. In addition, the synthesized AgNPs were tested for antioxidant and antibacterial activities. It showed good antioxidant activity as compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant. It could be concluded that H. isora root extract can be used efficiently in the production of potential antioxidant and antibacterial AgNPs for commercial application.

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322 citations

Cites background from "Production and downstream processin..."

...=O stretching vibrations, which indicates the presence of for aromatic and carbonyl groups of the protein and metabolites present in the root extract that may be involved in the reduction process (Kalyanasundaram et al., 2012)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

A critical review on production and industrial applications of beta-glucans

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Fengmei Zhu¹, Bin Du¹, Bin Du², Baojun Xu²•Institutions (2)

Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology¹, Hong Kong Baptist University²

01 Jan 2016-Food Hydrocolloids

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview on the production technologies of β-glucan, such as extraction, isolation, purification technologies from different sources, for instance yeast, fungi, bacteria, and cereal, aiming its optimization for more effective production processes.

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260 citations

Cites background from "Production and downstream processin..."

...Kalyanasundaram, Doble, and Gummadi (2012) studied the production of curdlan by Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31750 in shake flask cultures and bioreactor....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Properties, chemistry, and applications of the bioactive polysaccharide curdlan.

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Ruoran Zhang¹, Kevin J. Edgar¹•Institutions (1)

Virginia Tech¹

03 Mar 2014-Biomacromolecules

TL;DR: The simple (1→3)-β-glucan homopolymeric, unbranched structure of curdlan is conducive to enhanced solubility relative to many other abundant natural polysaccharides, thus, providing alternatives for processing the polymer into desired shapes and formulations.

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190 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Dual delivery of tuberculosis drugs via cyclodextrin conjugated curdlan nanoparticles to infected macrophages

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Rubaiya Yunus Basha¹, T.S. Sampath Kumar¹, Mukesh Doble¹•Institutions (1)

Indian Institute of Technology Madras¹

15 Aug 2019-Carbohydrate Polymers

TL;DR: Results demonstrate that curdlan-CD nanoparticles can be a promising system for the loading and intracellular release of hydrophobic drugs into macrophages for various therapeutic applications.

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55 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Chemistry and microbial sources of curdlan with potential application and safety regulations as prebiotic in food and health.

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Deepak Kumar Verma¹, Alaa Kareem Niamah², Ami Patel, Mamta Thakur³, Kawaljit Singh Sandhu⁴, Mónica L. Chávez-González⁵, Nihir Shah, Cristóbal N. Aguilar⁵ - Show less +4 more•Institutions (5)

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur¹, University of Basrah², Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology³, Punjab Technical University⁴, Autonomous University of Coahuila⁵

01 Jul 2020-Food Research International

TL;DR: This review analyzes and describes in detail the potential of curdlan as a sustainable alternative additive in health and food industries, emphasizing on the chemical composition, production, properties, and potential applications.

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52 citations

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Journal Article•DOI•

Characterization of intracellular accumulation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) in individual cells of Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 by flow cytometry

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Friedrich Srienc¹, B. Arnold¹, James E. Bailey¹•Institutions (1)

California Institute of Technology¹

01 Aug 1984-Biotechnology and Bioengineering

TL;DR: Flow cytometry–cell sorting technology should find significant application in strain improvement and mutant selection, and clearly demonstrate the potential advantages of single‐cell light‐scattering measurements by flow cytometry for analysis and control of certain fermentation processes.

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Abstract: Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulates in individual cells of Alcaligenes eutrophus in the form of refractile bodies which alter the light-scattering properties of individual cells. Flow cytometry has been applied to measure the distributions of single-cell light-scattering intensity in Alc. eutrophus populations during batch cultivation of the organism. These measurements clearly identify heterogeneities in the inoculum which influence the lag interval prior to beginning of exponential growth. Light-scattering distributions show greater homogeneity and are extremely similar during balanced, exponential growth. After exhaustion of the nitrogen source and with carbon source still available, significant PHB accumulations occur and the flow cytometry measurements reveal extreme heterogeneity in single-cell light-scattering properties. These measurements clearly demonstrate the potential advantages of single-cell light-scattering measurements by flow cytometry for analysis and control of certain fermentation processes. Single-cell light-scat light-scattering measurements in conjunction with flow sorting instrumentation have been applied to demonstrate enrichment of PHB-producing cells, initially present in a number concentration of 0.01%by a factor of 300 in a single pass. Flow cytometry-cell sorting technology should find significant application in strain improvement and mutant selection.

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92 citations

"Production and downstream processin..." refers methods in this paper

...Ammonium concentration was determined by the indophenol method (Srienc et al. 1984)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

DEMONSTRATION OF CURDLAN-TYPE POLYSACCHARIDE AND SOME OTHER β-1, 3-GLUCAN IN MICROORGANISMS WITH ANILINE BLUE

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Itaru Nakanishi¹, Kazutsugu Kimura¹, Takashi Suzuki¹, Michio Ishikawa¹, Isao Banno, Takashi Sakane, Tokuya Harada² - Show less +3 more•Institutions (2)

Takeda Pharmaceutical Company¹, Osaka University²

01 Jan 1976-Journal of General and Applied Microbiology

TL;DR: Colonies of microorganisms capable of forming curdlan-type polysaccharide in glucose medium were found to stain blue with Aniline Blue, Brilliant Blue, or Trypan Blue, and red with Congo Red, and this method was also useful for isolation of colonies forming only curdLAN- type poly Saccharide from organisms with the ability to form other water-soluble polySaccharides.

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Abstract: Colonies of microorganisms capable of forming curdlan-type polysaccharide in glucose medium were found to stain blue with Aniline Blue, Brilliant Blue, or Trypan Blue, and red with Congo Red. Staining with Aniline Blue was highly specific for colonies forming curdlan-type polysaccharide. With the use of Aniline blue to detect curdlan-type polysaccharide and other β-1, 3-glucans, the distribution of these polysaccharides in microorganisms was investigated. Among 687 strains of bacteria, 5 strains of Bacillus stained with Aniline Blue, in addition to Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes 10C3, some strains derived from it, and some strains of Agrobacterium. Sixteen of 60 strains of yeast also stained with this dye. No positive reaction was detected in 13 strains of fungi tested. This method was also useful for isolation of colonies forming only curdlan-type polysaccharide from organisms with the ability to form other water-soluble polysaccharides.

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87 citations

"Production and downstream processin..." refers background in this paper

...As reported earlier, only curdlan producing colonies appeared blue on the aniline blue agar plates and also the interaction of the polymer with the dye was proportional to the concentration of the polymer (Nakanishi et al. 1976)....
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...As reported earlier, only curdlan producing colonies appeared blue on the aniline blue agar plates and also the interaction of the polymer with the dye was proportional to the concentration of the polymer (Nakanishi et al. 1976)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Characterization of curdlan in aqueous sodium hydroxide

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Mitsuo Nakata¹, Tsuyoshi Kawaguchi¹, Yuzo Kodama¹, Akira Konno•Institutions (1)

Hokkaido University¹

01 Jan 1998-Polymer

TL;DR: Curdlan ((1 → 3)-β-D-glucan) was found to be fractionated through liquid-liquid phase equilibrium with the mixture dimethyl sulfoxide + lithium chloride as a solvent and acetone as a precipitant as discussed by the authors.

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73 citations

"Production and downstream processin..." refers background in this paper

...It is already reported that the molecular weight of bacterial curdlan is in the range of 5.3×104 Da to 2.0× 106 Da (Nakata et al. 1998)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Production of curdlan using sucrose or sugar cane molasses by two-step fed-batch cultivation of Agrobacterium species

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In Young Lee¹, Weon Taek Seo¹, Guk Jin Kim¹, Mi Kyung Kim¹, Chan Park, Young Hoon Park¹ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (1)

Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology¹

01 Apr 1997-Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology

TL;DR: There exists an optimal timing for nitrogen limitation for curdlan production in the two-step, fed-batch operation in which biomass was first produced, followed by curdLAN production which was stimulated by nitrogen limitation.

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Abstract: Maltose and sucrose were efficient carbon sources for the production of curdlan by a strain of Agrobacterium sp. A two-step, fed-batch operation was designed in which biomass was first produced, followed by curdlan production which was stimulated by nitrogen limitation. There exists an optimal timing for nitrogen limitation for curdlan production in the two-step, fed-batch operation. Maximum curdlan production (60 g L−1) was obtained from sucrose with a productivity of 0.2 g L−1 h−1 when nitrogen was limited at a cell concentration of 16.0 g L−1. It was also noted that the curdlan yield from sucrose was as high as 0.45 g curdlan g−1 sucrose, and the highest specific production rate was 1.0 g curdlan g−1 cells h−1 right after nitrogen limitation. Of particular importance was the use of molasses as a cheap carbon source to produce curdlan in the two-step, fed-batch cultivation. As high as 42 g L−1 of curdlan with a yield of 0.35 g curdlan g−1 total sugar was obtained after 120 h of fed-batch cultivation.

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70 citations

"Production and downstream processin..." refers background in this paper

...Curdlan is a secondary metabolite synthesized by Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes and Agrobacterium radiobacter under nitrogen-limiting conditions (Wu et al. 2008 & Lee et al. 1997)....
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...Nitrogen source in the medium is considered as a critical factor in the change of intracellular metabolism, because isoprenoid lipids that play a vital role in carrying cellular oligosaccharides would be more available for curdlan synthesis, instead of cellular lipopolysaccharide synthesis under nitrogen limiting conditions (Lee et al. 1997)....
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...…of Biotechnology, Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory IIT Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India © 2012 Kalyanasundaram et al.; licensee Spring Commons Attribution License (http://creativeco reproduction in any medium, provided the orig the concrete (Lee et al. 1997 & Kim et al. 2000)....
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...One of the important factors for curdlan production is nitrogen depletion in the medium (Lee et al. 1997 & Kim et al. 1999)....
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...…a critical factor in the change of intracellular metabolism, because isoprenoid lipids that play a vital role in carrying cellular oligosaccharides would be more available for curdlan synthesis, instead of cellular lipopolysaccharide synthesis under nitrogen limiting conditions (Lee et al. 1997)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Growth and β-Glucan 10C3K Production by a Mutant of Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes in Defined Medium

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Tokuya Harada¹, Ken Fujimori¹, Susumu Hirose, Matsue Masada•Institutions (1)

Osaka University¹

01 Aug 1966-Agricultural and biological chemistry

TL;DR: In this article, a defined medium was developed in which Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes 10C3 mutant K produced a large quantity of β-glucan 10C 3K.

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Abstract: A defined medium was developed in which Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes 10C3 mutant K produced a large quantity of β-glucan 10C3K. The medium contained 4% glucose together with 0.1% citrate, succinate or fumarate as the carbon source, 0.15% (NH4)2HPO4 as the nitrogen source and mineral salts. When NaNH4HPO4, KNO3 or urea was used at a concentration of 0.03% nitrogen as the sole nitrogen source, salts of organic acid were not needed in addition to glucose.In culture medium containing phosphate buffer (M/15, pH 6.5~8.0) large amounts of polysaccharide were formed and its yield from the 4% glucose added was about 50%. Thus, it was shown that polysaccharide production is enhanced greatly if a suitable pH for polysaccharide production is maintained during incubation.

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70 citations