Production of bricks from waste materials – A review
TL;DR: A state-of-the-art review of research on utilization of waste materials to produce bricks can be found in this article, which can be divided into three general categories based on the methods for producing bricks from waste materials: firing, cementing and geopolymerization.
About: This article is published in Construction and Building Materials.The article was published on 2013-10-01. It has received 551 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Building material & Kiln.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a review of research concerning the recycling of different types of wastes into eco-friendly fired clay bricks (FCB's). Materials and methods of researches are discussed, and several properties of bricks, made by incorporating additives are reviewed as well as procedures in accordance with international standards are highlighted.
262 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the use of waste marble powder addition reduced the bulk density of the fired brick samples, while increasing the firing temperature also affected their mechanical and physical properties, such as drying and firing shrinkages, loss on ignition, bulk density, porosity, water absorption, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, microstructure and phase content.
189 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the waste addition produced from two major crops: sugarcane and rice in clay bricks manufacturing was evaluated and it was concluded that the brick specimens incorporating lower dosage of SBA and RHA (i.e. 5% by clay weight) will not only relieve the environmental burden but also result into a more sustainable and economical construction.
180 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of slag content as well as type and dosage of alkali activators on one-part fly ash-based geopolymers cured at room temperature was investigated.
178 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors combined various proportions of class-F fly ash (FA) and residual rice husk ash (RHA) with an alkaline solution to produce geopolymers.
174 citations
References
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TL;DR: A brief history and review of geopolymer technology is presented with the aim of introducing the technology and the vast categories of materials that may be synthesized by alkali activation of aluminosilicates as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A brief history and review of geopolymer technology is presented with the aim of introducing the technology and the vast categories of materials that may be synthesized by alkali-activation of aluminosilicates. The fundamental chemical and structural characteristics of geopolymers derived from metakaolin, fly ash and slag are explored in terms of the effects of raw material selection on the properties of geopolymer composites. It is shown that the raw materials and processing conditions are critical in determining the setting behavior, workability and chemical and physical properties of geopolymeric products. The structural and chemical characteristics that are common to all geopolymeric materials are presented, as well as those that are determined by the specific interactions occurring in different systems, providing the ability for tailored design of geopolymers to specific applications in terms of both technical and commercial requirements.
3,302 citations
TL;DR: In the last few years, technological progress has been made in the development of new materials such as "geopolymers" and new techniques, such as ''sol-gel'' as mentioned in this paper, opening up new applications and procedures and transforming ideas that have been taken for granted in inorganic chemistry.
Abstract: Spectacular technological progress has been made in the last few years through thedevelopment of new materials such as «geopolymers», and new techniques, such as «sol-gel». New state-of-the-art materials designed with the help of geopolymerization reactions are opening up new applications and procedures and transforming ideas that have been taken for granted in inorganic chemistry. High temperature techniques arc no longer necessary to obtain materials which are ceramic-like in their structures and properties
3,178 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanism of activation of fly ash with highly alkaline solutions is described, and the product of the reaction is an amorphous aluminosilicate gel having a structure similar to that of zeolitic precursors.
1,779 citations
Book•
02 Apr 2003
TL;DR: Alkali-Activated Cement and Concrete as discussed by the authors is a type of Cementitious Systems that uses Alkaline Activators to activate slag cements and lime-pozzolan cements.
Abstract: Introduction 1. Alkaline Activators 2. Cementing Components 3. Hydration and Microstructure of Alkali-Activated Slag Cement 4. Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Cement Pastes and Mortars (Under Both Atmospheric Pressure and Autoclave Conditions) 5. Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Cement Concrete 6. Durability of Alkali-Activated Slag Cement and Concrete 7. Mix Design of Alkali-Activated Slag Cement Concrete 8. Alkali-Activated Portland Cement Based Blended Cement 9. Alkali-Activated Lime-Pozzolan Cement 10. Other Alkali-Activated Cementitious Systems 11. Applications of Alkali-Activated Cement And Concrete 12. Standards and Specifications
1,008 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors carried out a detailed environmental evaluation of geopolymer concrete production using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology and found that the production of most standard types of OPC concrete has a slightly lower impact on global warming than standard Ordinary Portland Cement.
868 citations