Production of gluconic acid from glucose by Aspergillus niger: growth and non-growth conditions
TL;DR: In this paper, a batch fermentation of glucose to gluconic acid was conducted using Aspergillus niger under growth and non-growth conditions using pure oxygen and air as a source of oxygen for the fermentation in 2 and 5 l stirred tank reactors (batch reactor).
About: This article is published in Process Biochemistry.The article was published on 2004-07-30. It has received 83 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Gluconic acid & Batch reactor.
Citations
More filters
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Gluconic acid is a mild organic acid derived from glucose by a simple oxidation reaction, the principal being sodium gluconate, which has wide applications in food and pharmaceutical industry.
Abstract: Summary Gluconic acid is a mild organic acid derived from glucose by a simple oxidation reaction. The reaction is facilitated by the enzyme glucose oxidase (fungi) and glucose dehydrogenase (bacteria such as Gluconobacter). Microbial production of gluconic acid is the preferred method and it dates back to several decades. The most studied and widely used fermentation process involves the fungus Aspergillus niger. Gluconic acid and its derivatives, the principal being sodium gluconate, have wide applications in food and pharmaceutical industry. This article gives a review of microbial gluconic acid production, its properties and applications.
490 citations
TL;DR: Advancements in biotechnology such as screening of microorganisms, immobilization techniques, and modifications in fermentation process for continuous fermentation, including genetic engineering programmes, could lead to cost-effective production of glucoseconic acid.
Abstract: Gluconic acid (GA) is a multifunctional carbonic acid regarded as a bulk chemical in the food, feed, beverage, textile, pharmaceutical, and construction industries. The favored production process is submerged fermentation by Aspergillus niger utilizing glucose as a major carbohydrate source, which accompanied product yield of 98%. However, use of GA and its derivatives is currently restricted because of high prices: about US$ 1.20–8.50/kg. Advancements in biotechnology such as screening of microorganisms, immobilization techniques, and modifications in fermentation process for continuous fermentation, including genetic engineering programmes, could lead to cost-effective production of GA. Among alternative carbohydrate sources, sugarcane molasses, grape must show highest GA yield of 95.8%, and banana must may assist reducing the overall cost of GA production. These methodologies would open new markets and increase applications of GA.
150 citations
08 Apr 2017
TL;DR: Primary metabolites are organic compounds that are largely obtained by extraction from plants or tissues that are primarily used in the biopharmaceutical industry due to their capability to reduce infectious diseases in human beings and animals and thus increase the life expectancy.
Abstract: Microorganisms are a promising source of an enormous number of natural products, which have made significant contribution to almost each sphere of human, plant and veterinary life. Natural compounds obtained from microorganisms have proved their value in nutrition, agriculture and healthcare. Primary metabolites, such as amino acids, enzymes, vitamins, organic acids and alcohol are used as nutritional supplements as well as in the production of industrial commodities through biotransformation. Whereas, secondary metabolites are organic compounds that are largely obtained by extraction from plants or tissues. They are primarily used in the biopharmaceutical industry due to their capability to reduce infectious diseases in human beings and animals and thus increase the life expectancy. Additionally, microorganisms and their products inevitably play a significant role in sustainable agriculture development.
146 citations
TL;DR: Techniques of transcriptome, proteome and metabolome analysis, as well as metabolic flux analysis, have recently been introduced in order to identify new and important target genes and to quantify metabolic activities necessary for further strain improvement.
Abstract: Overproduction of microbial metabolites is related to developmental phases of microorganisms. Inducers, effectors, inhibitors and various signal molecules play a role in different types of overproduction. Biosynthesis of enzymes catalysing metabolic reactions in microbial cells is controlled by well-known positive and negative mechanisms, e.g. induction, nutritional regulation (carbon or nitrogen source regulation), feedback regulation, etc. The microbial production of primary metabolites contributes significantly to the quality of life. Fermentative production of these compounds is still an important goal of modern biotechnology. Through fermentation, microorganisms growing on inexpensive carbon and nitrogen sources produce valuable products such as amino acids, nucleotides, organic acids and vitamins which can be added to food to enhance its flavour, or increase its nutritive values. The contribution of microorganisms goes well beyond the food and health industries with the renewed interest in solvent fermentations. Microorganisms have the potential to provide many petroleum-derived products as well as the ethanol necessary for liquid fuel. Additional applications of primary metabolites lie in their impact as precursors of many pharmaceutical compounds. The roles of primary metabolites and the microbes which produce them will certainly increase in importance as time goes on. In the early years of fermentation processes, development of producing strains initially depended on classical strain breeding involving repeated random mutations, each followed by screening or selection. More recently, methods of molecular genetics have been used for the overproduction of primary metabolic products. The development of modern tools of molecular biology enabled more rational approaches for strain improvement. Techniques of transcriptome, proteome and metabolome analysis, as well as metabolic flux analysis. have recently been introduced in order to identify new and important target genes and to quantify metabolic activities necessary for further strain improvement.
129 citations
TL;DR: Examining the properties of gluconic acid and its derivatives and their uses and production methods, especially biotechnological methods, are examined to update the existing reviews on the topic.
119 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: The results showed that the presented biotransformation system can be successfully utilised for the determination of the oxygen transfer rate in airlift bioreactors.
62 citations
TL;DR: The optimisation of gluconic acid fermentation using immobilized Aspergillus niger on a highly porous cellulose support is described, showing the effects of variations in oxygen partial pressure, glucose concentration and biomass concentration with a continuous recirculation reactor.
61 citations
TL;DR: Application of hierarchical control for solution of some nonlinear optimization problems in fermentation systems, with the use of microprocessors, is described and some advantages of the method are shown in comparison to some traditional one-level optimization methods.
Abstract: Application of hierarchical control for solution of some nonlinear optimization problems in fermentation systems, with the use of microprocessors, is described. Results presented show some advantages of the method of hierarchical control in comparison to some traditional one-level optimization methods. The advantage of the hierarchical control method is in less demand on memory and computing power of the control computer as the standard methods. In solving this problem two control schemes are used. In the first control scheme the method of objective coordination is used. In the second one the prediction method of coordination is used, with the aim to minimize selected disturbances in state and control variables.
2 citations