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Journal ArticleDOI

Progress in biofuel production from gasification

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the progress in gasification techniques and key generation pathways for biofuel production, process design and integration and socio-environmental impacts of biofuel generation are discussed, with the goal of investigating gasification-to-biofuels credentials as a sustainable and eco-friendly technology.
About: This article is published in Progress in Energy and Combustion Science.The article was published on 2017-07-01 and is currently open access. It has received 478 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Aviation biofuel & Biofuel.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the characteristics of sewage sludge are discussed in terms of composition and the current options for its treatment with the associated environmental impacts, and a critical comparison is made of the drying techniques, co-feedstocks and catalytic processes, reaction kinetics, reactor technologies, operating conditions to be optimized, removal of impurities, fuel properties, their constraints and required improvements.

327 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
31 Mar 2018-Energies
TL;DR: A review of the predominant biomass gasification technologies and biofuels obtained from syngas by bio-dieselification can be found in this article, where the authors present a review of these technologies.
Abstract: The production of biofuels from renewable sources is a major challenge in research. Methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether (DME), synthetic natural gas (SNG), and hydrogen can be produced from syngas which is the result of the gasification of biomasses. Syngas composition varies according to the gasification technology used (such as fixed bed reactors, fluidized bed reactors, entrained flow reactors), the feedstock characteristics, and the operating parameters. This paper presents a review of the predominant biomass gasification technologies and biofuels obtained from syngas by biomass gasification.

278 citations


Cites background or methods from "Progress in biofuel production from..."

  • ...At present, it is considered to be the most complete technology for transportation biofuel production [21] FT Synthesis produces several hydrocarbons, paraffin, and olefins such as methane, ethane, ethylene, LPG (C3–C5), fuel (C5–C12), gasoline (C13–C22), and waxes (C23–C33)....

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  • ...They are classified as bubbling fluidized bed gasifiers and dual bed gasifiers with separated chambers [21,103]....

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  • ...A simplified gasification reaction is reported below (Equation (1)) [21] and the main reactions are collected in Table 1 [20,21,23,29–31]....

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  • ...Downdraft gasifiers produce low-tar and low-particulate syngas [95] but their main drawbacks include a difficult control of temperature [24], moreover biomass with low moisture content (<20–25% w/w) [21,96] and with low ash content [97,98] is required, as well as homogeneity of biomass input [20,41]....

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  • ...By means of acid catalysts, such as γ-Al2O3 [182–184], or the addition of additives such as ferrite or tungsten to Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts [185,186], the following methanol synthesis reaction occurs [21,187]:...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of the four liquid biofuel generations as well as the latest development efforts in this field and conclude that the current production methods of biofuel in the first and second generations will soon fail to satisfy the increasing demand on biofuel.

248 citations

Patent
10 Aug 2006

231 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Hydrogen Production by Water−Gas Shift Reaction 4056 4.1.
Abstract: 1.0. Introduction 4044 2.0. Biomass Chemistry and Growth Rates 4047 2.1. Lignocellulose and Starch-Based Plants 4047 2.2. Triglyceride-Producing Plants 4049 2.3. Algae 4050 2.4. Terpenes and Rubber-Producing Plants 4052 3.0. Biomass Gasification 4052 3.1. Gasification Chemistry 4052 3.2. Gasification Reactors 4054 3.3. Supercritical Gasification 4054 3.4. Solar Gasification 4055 3.5. Gas Conditioning 4055 4.0. Syn-Gas Utilization 4056 4.1. Hydrogen Production by Water−Gas Shift Reaction 4056

7,067 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The various aspects associated with the design of microalgae production units are described, giving an overview of the current state of development of algae cultivation systems (photo-bioreactors and open ponds).
Abstract: Sustainable production of renewable energy is being hotly debated globally since it is increasingly understood that first generation biofuels, primarily produced from food crops and mostly oil seeds are limited in their ability to achieve targets for biofuel production, climate change mitigation and economic growth. These concerns have increased the interest in developing second generation biofuels produced from non-food feedstocks such as microalgae, which potentially offer greatest opportunities in the longer term. This paper reviews the current status of microalgae use for biodiesel production, including their cultivation, harvesting, and processing. The microalgae species most used for biodiesel production are presented and their main advantages described in comparison with other available biodiesel feedstocks. The various aspects associated with the design of microalgae production units are described, giving an overview of the current state of development of algae cultivation systems (photo-bioreactors and open ponds). Other potential applications and products from microalgae are also presented such as for biological sequestration of CO 2 , wastewater treatment, in human health, as food additive, and for aquaculture.

5,158 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The potential of a restored landfill site to act as a biomass source, providing fuel to supplement landfill gas-fuelled power stations, is examined, together with a comparison of the economics of power production from purpose-grown biomass versus waste-biomass.

4,162 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of cost effective technologies and the processes to convert biomass into useful liquid bio-fuels and bioproducts, with particular focus on some biorefinery concepts based on different feedstocks aiming at the integral utilization of these feedstocks for the production of value added chemicals.
Abstract: Sustainable economic and industrial growth requires safe, sustainable resources of energy. For the future re-arrangement of a sustainable economy to biological raw materials, completely new approaches in research and development, production, and economy are necessary. The ‘first-generation’ biofuels appear unsustainable because of the potential stress that their production places on food commodities. For organic chemicals and materials these needs to follow a biorefinery model under environmentally sustainable conditions. Where these operate at present, their product range is largely limited to simple materials (i.e. cellulose, ethanol, and biofuels). Second generation biorefineries need to build on the need for sustainable chemical products through modern and proven green chemical technologies such as bioprocessing including pyrolysis, Fisher Tropsch, and other catalytic processes in order to make more complex molecules and materials on which a future sustainable society will be based. This review focus on cost effective technologies and the processes to convert biomass into useful liquid biofuels and bioproducts, with particular focus on some biorefinery concepts based on different feedstocks aiming at the integral utilization of these feedstocks for the production of value added chemicals.

2,814 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In accordance with decision 9/2 of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (INC/FCCC) and endorsed by the Conference of the Parties in its decision, 3/CP.1 (FCCC/CP/1995/7/Add.1), the secretariat is to make available, in the official languages of the United Nations, the executive summaries of the national communications submitted by Annex I Parties.
Abstract: In accordance with decision 9/2 of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (INC/FCCC) and endorsed by the Conference of the Parties in its decision, 3/CP.1 (FCCC/CP/1995/7/Add.1), the secretariat is to make available, in the official languages of the United Nations, the executive summaries of the national communications submitted by Annex I Parties.

2,787 citations