Journal Article•
Propagation of the endangered Azorean cherry Prunus azorica using stem cuttings and air layering
About: This article is published in Arquipelago : Life and Marine Sciences.The article was published on 2009-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 22 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Layering & Cutting.
Citations
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TL;DR: The ENFA modelling approach revealed to be a useful tool in the design of more efficient management strategies for woody plant invaders, and was selected and compared the models of the highest predictive power and robustness for both species to define where M. faya could inhabit areas currently occupied by P. undulatum.
32 citations
Cites background from "Propagation of the endangered Azore..."
..., 2011), while Prunus azorica should be used at particular forest types in certain islands (Moreira et al., 2009)....
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...For instance, Picconia azorica could be used in the reforestation of coastal areas throughout the archipelago (Martins et al., 2011), while Prunus azorica should be used at particular forest types in certain islands (Moreira et al., 2009)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to investigate the effects of different IBA doses on rooting capacity of different types of Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) in greenhouse conditions under mist propagation unit in 2008 - 2009.
Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different IBA doses on rooting capacity of Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.) types in greenhouse conditions under mist propagation unit in 2008 - 2009. This species has an economic and important value for medicinal and pharmaceutical industry. Determination of suitable conditions for cutting propagation of different types is too important for economic propagation. The cuttings collected in July were like semi hardwood cuttings and are treated with 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g/l Indole-3-butryric acid (IBA). The results were taken after 90 days and were evaluated using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test with a significance value P ≤ 0.05. The rooting rate (%), average root number (roots/cutting) and average root length (cm) were determined. The results showed that rooting rate and root quality were changeable according to types. The maximum rooting rates were obtained with 2 or 4 g/l IBA for most of the types. 1 or 2 g/L IBA obtained the maximum root length and increased the rooting length and root quality compared with control. The average number of roots increased in 2 g/l IBA and high doses of IBA resulted with breakable root formation that reduced the success rates in transplantation stages.
Key words: Prunus laurocerasus L., vegetative propagation, rooting, Indol-3-butyric acid.
26 citations
Cites background from "Propagation of the endangered Azore..."
...The increase of IBA concentration was accompanied by the decreased rooting percentage, suggesting that high IBA concentrations were not suitable for the root formation process (Singh et al., 2003; Moreira et al., 2009)....
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TL;DR: Callusing, root and shoot development were significantly influenced by rooting media and IBA concentration, and vegetative propagation of W. ugandensis can be appropriately achieved by treating the cuttings with 0.8% w/w IBA hormone using milled pine bark as a growth medium.
Abstract: This study investigated the influence of different rooting media and indolebutryic acid (IBA) hormone concentration on root and shoot development in stem cuttings ofWarburgia ugandensis. Stem cuttings were treated with three different levels (0.3, 0.6 and 0.8% w/w) of IBA concentration (including a control- no IBA hormone) and propagated in three rooting media (milled pine bark, top forest soil and sand) under non-misting propagators. Data on root and shoot development, callusing, number and length of roots and shoots were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi square test. Callusing, root and shoot development were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by rooting media and IBA concentration. Milled pine bark and 0.8% w/w IBA concentration gave the highest percentages of stem cuttings that callused, rooted and shooted (38, 37, 41% and 57, 41, 59%), respectively. Similarly, milled pine bark and 0.8% w/w IBA concentration gave the greatest number and longest roots and shoots per stem cutting. Vegetative propagation of W. ugandensis through stem cuttings can be appropriately achieved by treating the cuttings with 0.8% w/w IBA hormone using milled pine bark as a growth medium.
Key words: Warburgia ugandensis, indolebutryic acid (IBA), vegetative propagation, callusing, rooting, milled pine bark.
23 citations
Cites methods from "Propagation of the endangered Azore..."
...The data were then imported into Akwatulira et al. 423 MINITAB version 12.22 and analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to obtain means and standard deviations for number and length of roots and shoots; and the interactions of stem cutting type and rooting media (Moreira et al., 2009)....
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...The significant effect of each factor (stem cutting type, rooting media and their interactions) on number and length of roots and shoots were separated by Tukey’s pair wise comparison post hoc (Least Significance Difference) test at 5% level of significance (Moreira et al., 2009)....
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...22 and analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to obtain means and standard deviations for number and length of roots and shoots; and the interactions of stem cutting type and rooting media (Moreira et al., 2009)....
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Book•
01 Mar 2019TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that existing practices of plant conservation are inadequate and firmly support the placement of ecological restoration at the cornerstone of biodiversity conservation, and unify different aspects of conservation into one coherent concept, including natural area protection, ex situ conservation and in situ interventions through either population management or ecological restoration.
Abstract: The rate of species and natural habitat loss across our planet is steadily accelerating. This book argues that existing practises of plant conservation are inadequate and firmly supports the placement of ecological restoration at the cornerstone of biodiversity conservation. The author unifies different aspects of conservation into one coherent concept, including natural area protection, ex situ conservation and in situ interventions through either population management or ecological restoration. Assisted colonization, experimentation, and utilization of threatened plant species are raised as crucial elements in restoration, with partly novel ecosystems being among its major target areas. Covering a wide spectrum of plant conservation examples, and offering practical methodologies alongside the theoretical context, this is a vital resource for students, research scientists and practitioners in conservation biology and restoration ecology.
18 citations
TL;DR: There was significant variation in callus formation, root and shoot development, number and length of roots and shoots for different stem cutting types, and Successful propagation of W. ugandensis can therefore be appropriately achieved through softwood stem cuttings rather than either hardwood or semi-hardwood cutTings.
Abstract: Warburgia ugandensis is an important medicinal tree species whose bark is widely harvested for its valuable anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. Consequently, this tree species is considered threatened. Therefore, this species is ranked as one of the priority species for management and conservation. This study investigated an appropriate technique for propagation of W. ugandensis using stem cuttings. Three types of stem cutting (hardwood, semi-hardwood and softwood) were obtained from Mabira Forest Reserve, Uganda and propagated in a factorial experiment using non-misting tunnels. Data on callusing root and shoot formation, number and length of roots and shoots were collected over a period of 93 days. Data manipulation was done by employing general linear model analysis of variance and Chi - square tests. There was significant variation (p < 0.05) in callus formation, root and shoot development, number and length of roots and shoots for different stem cutting types. The highest percentage of callusing, rooting and shoot regeneration (46, 49 and 57%) was recorded in softwood cuttings which also produced the highest number and longest roots and shoots. Successful propagation of W. ugandensis can therefore be appropriately achieved through softwood stem cuttings rather than either hardwood or semi-hardwood cuttings.
Key words: Warburgia ugandensis, vegetative propagation, Mabira forest reserve, Canellaceae.
15 citations
Cites methods from "Propagation of the endangered Azore..."
...22 were then performed to obtain means and standard deviations for number and length of roots and shoots; and the interactions of stem cutting type and rooting media (Moreira et al., 2009)....
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...The significant effect of each factor (stem cutting type, rooting media and their interactions) on number and length of roots and shoots were separated by Tukey’s pair-wise comparisons and post hoc least significant difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance (Moreira et al., 2009)....
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...General Linear Model ANOVA in MINITAB 12.22 were then performed to obtain means and standard deviations for number and length of roots and shoots; and the interactions of stem cutting type and rooting media (Moreira et al., 2009)....
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References
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TL;DR: It can be concluded that P. africana is amenable to vegetative propagation and the application of auxin (IBA) promoted rooting up to an optimum application of 100–200 µg IBA per cutting, but 300 µg was supraoptimal.
Abstract: The region of West and Central Africa is endowed with high-value fruit trees and medicinal plants, which are currently traded locally as well as on regional and international markets. Unfortunately, they are all exploited from the wild and there has been little or no focussed effort to domesticate and cultivate them. Prunus africana is one of these important medicinal plant under domestication. A series of nursery experiments were conducted to assess the effects of rooting medium (sawdust, sand and a 50:50 mixture of sand and sawdust), auxin concentration (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 µg IBA), and leaf area (0, 5, 10, 20, and 25 cm2) on rooting success of juvenile cuttings of P. africana. The percentage of cuttings rooted was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in sawdust (80%), than in sand alone (72%) or in mixture with sawdust (71%). Leaf area also significantly affected the percentage of rooting. Leafless cuttings did not root and were all dead by week 6, but in leafy cuttings rooting ability increased proportionally with leaf area up to 20 cm2 (79%). Larger leaf cuttings (25 cm2) rooted at the same level as those of 20 cm2. The cuttings with the largest leaves also had the greatest mean number of roots per cutting (14 roots cutting−1), while those with the smallest (5 cm2) leaf area produced the fewest roots (5 roots cutting−1). The application of auxin (IBA) promoted rooting (P < 0.05) up to an optimum application of 100–200 µg IBA per cutting, but 300 µg was supraoptimal. It can be concluded that P. africana is amenable to vegetative propagation.
149 citations
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that auxin effect on differential rooting with season in this plant is determined by the physio-morphological status of the branches that govern the production of endogenous auxin and is mediated primarily through its effect on mobilization of reserve food materials caused by enhanced activity of hydrolytic enzymes.
Abstract: Stem cuttings of Populus nigra were treated with 10 and 100 mg/1 each of IAA., IBA, 2,4-D and NAA at one month intervals and observations were recorded for the morphophysiological status of the branches, their starch content and their rooting response. — The first phase characterized by delayed, short and scarce roots and the high starch content of cuttings coincided with the onset of winter dormancy in November lasting through February. It was followed by a phase of vigorous rooting and low starch content of cuttings coinciding with the renovation of growth activity in February lasting through October, except in April and May when rooting was more or less completely nullified. — The poor rooting in winter was caused by low activity of hydrolyzing enzymes not mobilizing starch into soluble sugars; and profuse rooting during active growth period by high activity of hydrolyzing enzymes caused by endogenous auxin, resulting in mobilization of reserved food materials necessary for the initiation and development of roots. The low rooting in April and May is ascribed to the fact that bulk of the mobilized food was used up in the growth of sprouted branches leaving very little for rooting when these cuttings were planted. — The seasonal changes in the effectiveness of exogenously applied auxins also appear to be related with the level of endogenous auxin. In June endogenous auxin was high due to high meristematic activity, the exogenously applied auxins raising it to supra-optimal levels that were inhibitory. On the other hand, in October exogenously applied auxins enhanced rooting by raising it to an optimal level as the production of endogenous auxin had been decreasing gradually due to lowering temperatures. — The results demonstrate that auxin effect on differential rooting with season in this plant is determined by the physio-morphological status of the branches that govern the production of endogenous auxin and is mediated primarily through its effect on mobilization of reserve food materials caused by enhanced activity of hydrolytic enzymes.
77 citations
TL;DR: Exogenously applied auxins were not crucial for root formation, however their application resulted in higher percent of more qualitative 'GiSelA 5' leafy cuttings, and IBA proved as the most effiency treatment and it additionally induced earlier root formation.
Abstract: Additional index words auxin, indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, propagation, rooting, rootstock Abstract The infl uence of two exogenously applied auxins (IAA and IBA) on the root and shoot development of leafy cuttings was analyzed at 'GiSelA 5', the dwarfi ng cherry rootstock IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) hindered the callus formation in the early period of root development and it was more successful than IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) in promoting earlier root development IBA also infl uenced the stronger shoot growth and the develop- ment of acrobasal type of the rooting system, and induced higher number of roots Those parameters are very important for the quality and survival of the new plants and they are not the consequence of the higher IAA content in the rooting zones of cuttings in the fi rst days of root development Both auxin treatments had no effect on the fi nal percent of the rooted cuttings neither on the survival of cuttings, but they increased the percent of rooted cuttings without callus The root system with callus proved less qualitative, because the cuttings with such root system developed signifi cantly less roots per rooted cutting and their shoot length was shorter than those of the cuttings without callus at both auxin treatments Exogenously applied auxins were not crucial for root formation, however their application resulted in higher percent of more qualitative 'GiSelA 5' leafy cuttings IBA proved as the most effi cient treatment and it additionally induced earlier root formation Propagation of the diffi cult-to-root plant species becomes commercially feasible with the establishment of the optimal propagation method A key step in vegetative propagation is adventitious root formation Losses occur because of the poor quality of the root system or of the shoot and because of poor or slow
73 citations
TL;DR: Species of Prunus insititiaL.
44 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that differences in rooting response among the growth habits may be associated with differences in endogenous auxin concentration that had been found in previous studies.
39 citations