Journal ArticleDOI
Prospects and potential of fatty acid methyl esters of some non-traditional seed oils for use as biodiesel in India
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In this paper, Saponification number (SN), iodine value (IV) and cetane number (CN) of seed oils were empirically determined and they varied from 169.2 to 312.5, 4.8 to 212 and 20.56 to 67.47, respectively.Abstract:
Fatty acid profiles of seed oils of 75 plant species having 30% or more fixed oil in their seed/kernel were examined. Saponification number (SN), iodine value (IV) and cetane number (CN) of fatty acid methyl esters of oils were empirically determined and they varied from 169.2 to 312.5, 4.8 to 212 and 20.56 to 67.47, respectively. Fatty acid compositions, IV and CN were used to predict the quality of fatty acid methyl esters of oil for use as biodiesel. Fatty acid methyl ester of oils of 26 species including Azadirachta indica, Calophyllum inophyllum, Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were found most suitable for use as biodiesel and they meet the major specification of biodiesel standards of USA, Germany and European Standard Organization. The fatty acid methyl esters of another 11 species meet the specification of biodiesel standard of USA only. These selected plants have great potential for biodiesel.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Progress and recent trends in biodiesel fuels
TL;DR: The most important variables affecting methyl ester yield during the transesterification reaction are the molar ratio of alcohol to vegetable oil and the reaction temperature as discussed by the authors, which is the commonly used alcohol in this process, due to its low cost.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of biodiesel composition, properties, and specifications
TL;DR: In this paper, the fatty acid (FA) profiles of 12 common biodiesel feedstocks were summarized, and it was shown that several fuel properties, including viscosity, specific gravity, cetane number, iodine value, and low temperature performance metrics are highly correlated with the average unsaturation of the FA profiles.
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Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review
S. P. Singh,Dipti Singh +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the source of production and characterization of vegetable oils and their methyl ester as the substitute of the petroleum fuel and future possibilities of Biodiesel production.
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Jatropha bio-diesel production and use
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the currently available information on the different process steps of the production process of bio-diesel from JCL, being cultivation and production of seeds, extraction of the oil, conversion to and the use of the biodiesel and the by-products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-edible vegetable oils: A critical evaluation of oil extraction, fatty acid compositions, biodiesel production, characteristics, engine performance and emissions production
Abdulaziz Atabani,Arridina Susan Silitonga,Hwai Chyuan Ong,Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia,Haji Hassan Masjuki,Irfan Anjum Badruddin,H. Fayaz +6 more
TL;DR: The use of non-edible plant oils is very significant because of the tremendous demand for edible oils as food source as mentioned in this paper, however, edible oils’ feedstock costs are far expensive to be used as fuel.
References
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A simple method for estimation of cetane index of vegetable oil methyl esters
TL;DR: In this article, a simple method for estimation of cetane indexes of vegetable oil methyl esters from their saponification and iodine numbers was presented. But it was applied only to individual fatty acid methyl ester from C8 to C24 and a straight line parallel to that of Klopfenstein was obtained.
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Biodiesel production in Europe and North America, an encouraging prospect
TL;DR: A review of the political background, the historical development since the beginnings in Austria and the volumes produced today in the world, the main raw materials used, key fuel properties and standards is given in this paper.
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Chemical and physical properties of vegetable oil esters and their effect on diesel fuel performance
TL;DR: In this article, chemical and physical characteristics of some compression-ignition fuels derived from vegetable oils are recorded and some relationships between them established, and guidelines are proposed for the chemical structure requirements of CFI engines derived from plant seed oils.
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Survey of seed oils for use as diesel fuels
TL;DR: One out of 364 plant seeds being surveyed had fatty acid contents greater than 15% (dry weight), and their methyl esters had cetane indices higher than 50.