Prostaglandins and Inflammation
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
ins biology has potential clinical relevance for atherosclerosis, the response to vascular injury and aortic aneurysm, and the roles of individual mediators and their receptors in modulating the inflammatory response.Abstract:
Prostaglandins are lipid autacoids derived from arachidonic acid. They both sustain homeostatic functions and mediate pathogenic mechanisms, including the inflammatory response. They are generated from arachidonate by the action of cyclooxygenase isoenzymes, and their biosynthesis is blocked by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, including those selective for inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2. Despite the clinical efficacy of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, prostaglandins may function in both the promotion and resolution of inflammation. This review summarizes insights into the mechanisms of prostaglandin generation and the roles of individual mediators and their receptors in modulating the inflammatory response. Prostaglandin biology has potential clinical relevance for atherosclerosis, the response to vascular injury and aortic aneurysm.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
In situ click chemistry generation of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors
TL;DR: In situ click chemistry is used to develop COX-2 specific inhibitors with high in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, significantly higher than that of widely used selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lipid peroxidation: production, metabolism, and signaling mechanisms of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal.
TL;DR: This review focuses on biochemical concepts of lipidPeroxidation, production, metabolism, and signaling mechanisms of two main omega-6 fatty acids lipid peroxidation products: malondialdehyde (MDA) and, in particular, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), summarizing not only its physiological and protective function as signaling molecule stimulating gene expression and cell survival, but also its cytotoxic role inhibiting geneexpression and promoting cell death.
Journal ArticleDOI
European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020
Wytske Fokkens,Valerie J. Lund,Joachim Mullol,Claus Bachert,Isam Alobid,Fuad M. Baroody,Noam A. Cohen,Anders Cervin,Richard Douglas,Philippe Gevaert,Christos Georgalas,Herman Goossens,Richard J. Harvey,Peter Hellings,Claire Hopkins,Nick Jones,Guy Joos,Livije Kalogjera,Bob Kern,Marek L. Kowalski,David Price,Herbert Riechelmann,Rodney J. Schlosser,Brent A. Senior,Mike Thomas,Elina Toskala,Richard Louis Voegels,De Yun Wang,Peter-John Wormald +28 more
TL;DR: The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 is the update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007 and 2012 and addresses areas not extensively covered in EPOS2012 such as paediatric CRS and sinus surgery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits.
TL;DR: Scientific studies show that anthocyanidins and Anthocyanins possess antioxidative and antimicrobial activities, improve visual and neurological health, and protect against various non-communicable diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
From Stress to Inflammation and Major Depressive Disorder: A Social Signal Transduction Theory of Depression
TL;DR: A biologically plausible, multilevel theory is proposed that describes neural, physiologic, molecular, and genomic mechanisms that link experiences of social-environmental stress with internal biological processes that drive depression pathogenesis and may shed light on several important questions including how depression develops, why it frequently recurs, and why it is strongly predicted by early life stress.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs
TL;DR: Experiments with guinea-pig lung suggest that some of the therapeutic effects of sodium salicylate and aspirin-like drugs are due to inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins.
Journal ArticleDOI
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma is a negative regulator of macrophage activation
Mercedes Ricote,Andrew C. Li,Andrew C. Li,Timothy M. Willson,Carolyn J. Kelly,Christopher K. Glass +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that PPAR-γ is markedly upregulated in activated macrophages and inhibits the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase, gelatinase B and scavenger receptor A genes in response to 15d-PGJ2 and synthetic PPar-γ ligands, suggesting that PPARS and locally produced prostaglandin D2 metabolites are involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes: Advances in Eicosanoid Biology
TL;DR: Important insights into the mechanisms of inflammatory responses, pain, and fever have been gleaned from the current understanding of eicosanoid biology.
Journal ArticleDOI
15-Deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2 is a ligand for the adipocyte determination factor PPAR gamma.
Barry M. Forman,Barry M. Forman,Peter Tontonoz,Jasmine Chen,Regina P. Brun,Bruce M. Spiegelman,Ronald M. Evans,Ronald M. Evans +7 more
TL;DR: A pivotal role is suggested for PPARγ and its endogenous ligand in adipocyte development and glucose homeostasis and as a target for intervention in metabolic disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cyclooxygenases: Structural, cellular, and molecular biology
TL;DR: This review examines how the structures of these enzymes relate mechanistically to cyclooxygenase and peroxidase catalysis, and how differences in the structure of PGHS-2 confer on this isozyme differential sensitivity to COX-2 inhibitors.