Conceptualizations of positive interpersonal relationships by Osgood (1970) and Danziger (1976) formed the basis of a content analysis scale for verbalizations. The resulting Sociality Scale score (SS) is the total of 7 subscales. The relationship types of solidarity, intimacy, influence, and undifferentiated shared experience form 1 subset of subscales, and the relationship roles of reactor, initiator and joint actor form the other. SS proved to have acceptable levels of interrater reliability and considerable consistency over time. Verbalizations collected from 540 people experiencing different events were used to establish its validity. As hypothesized, high scorers tended to relate more positively to others, to maintain relationships better with others, to exhibit more interpersonal skills, and to experience less anxiety and hostility than low scorers.

Psychometric assessment of the individual child

Sociality: A Content Analysis Scale for verbalizations

The purpose of the research was to establish the validity of the Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM) for Brazil. Data were gathered from a sample of 9,929 students of the public educational system of Brasilia, Brazil. Factor analysis showed the presence of four factors, which were recognized as analogical-abstract reasoning, analogical-concrete reasoning, perception of the gestalt, and deductive reasoning. However, only deductive reasoning (15 items) appeared consistent. Furthermore, the four factors showed substantial covariance, which allowed for the extraction of a general factor, composed of 25 of the 36 items, identified as analogical reasoning. The deductive reasoning and the general factor appeared difficult for the children, presenting an index of b = 0.82 and b = 0.52, respectively. The conclusion was that the CPM are adequate for the assessment of analogical reasoning of Brazilian children, but several items of the original test appeared useless and item 24 was inadequate.

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Matrizes Progressivas do Raven Infantil: Um Estudo de Validação para o Brasil Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices for Children: A validation study for Brazil

A study was made of the neonatal behaviour of 106 postmature infants. Their progress during the first year of life and their social competence at one year were compared with a group of matched controls. There were 77 infants with a gestation between 42 and 43 completed weeks, and 37 whose gestation extended beyond 43 weeks. The incidence of foetal distress was high, the infant was more likely to be asphyxiated at birth and a significant proportion of babies exhibited abnormal neurological signs during the first few days of life. A significant number had severe illnesses and sleep defects during the first year, and at the one‐year examination an increased proportion had low social quotients. These adverse effects were apparent when the postmature babies were compared with the controls, but were even more significant after 43 weeks, when 27% of the babies had a low social quotient compared with 6% in the 42 to 43 week group. Adverse physical signs during the neonatal period were meconium staining of the cord and nails, subcutaneous wasting and adducted thumbs. These were all associated with diminished social competence at one year.

The effect of postmaturity on the developing child.

Psychological aspects of galactosaemia

Three groups of six dyslexic children with auditory processing difficulties were taught basic literacy skills by one of three methods: (1) by training auditory processing skills; (2) by training visual processing skills; (3) by training a combination of both. The results indicated that children taught by methods (2) and (3) made most progress. Children taught through the auditory modality made no more progress than a matched control group who had received standard remedial help. The results are explained in terms of Birch & Belmont's (1965a,b) inter‐ and intra‐modality integration hypothesis.

Psychometric assessment of the individual child

Citations

Sociality: A Content Analysis Scale for verbalizations

Matrizes Progressivas do Raven Infantil: Um Estudo de Validação para o Brasil Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices for Children: A validation study for Brazil

The effect of postmaturity on the developing child.

Psychological aspects of galactosaemia

Modality Preference and the Teaching of Reading and Spelling to Dyslexic Children

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