Pulsed terahertz spectroscopy of DNA, bovine serum albumin and collagen between 0.1 and 2.0 THz
TL;DR: The first use of pulsed terahertz spectroscopy to examine low-frequency collective vibrational modes of biomolecules was reported in this paper, which indicated that a large number of the lowfrequency collective modes for these systems are IR active.
About: This article is published in Chemical Physics Letters.The article was published on 2000-03-31. It has received 677 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Terahertz spectroscopy and technology & Bovine serum albumin.
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TL;DR: Terahertz spectroscopy and imaging provide a powerful tool for the characterization of a broad range of materials, including semiconductors and biomolecules, as well as novel, higher-power terahertz sources.
Abstract: Terahertz spectroscopy systems use far-infrared radiation to extract molecular spectral information in an otherwise inaccessible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Materials research is an essential component of modern terahertz systems: novel, higher-power terahertz sources rely heavily on new materials such as quantum cascade structures. At the same time, terahertz spectroscopy and imaging provide a powerful tool for the characterization of a broad range of materials, including semiconductors and biomolecules.
2,673 citations
Cites background from "Pulsed terahertz spectroscopy of DN..."
...The complex refractive index of pressed pellets consisting of DNA and other biomolecules has been determined and shows absorption consistent with a large density of low-frequency infrared-active mode...
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TL;DR: The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) as discussed by the authors is a new spectroscopic technique based on coherent and time-resolved detection of the electric field of ultrashort radiation bursts.
Abstract: Over the past three decades a new spectroscopic technique with unique possibilities has emerged. Based on coherent and time-resolved detection of the electric field of ultrashort radiation bursts in the far-infrared, this technique has become known as terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). In this review article the authors describe the technique in its various implementations for static and time-resolved spectroscopy, and illustrate the performance of the technique with recent examples from solid-state physics and physical chemistry as well as aqueous chemistry. Examples from other fields of research, where THz spectroscopic techniques have proven to be useful research tools, and the potential for industrial applications of THz spectroscopic and imaging techniques are discussed.
1,636 citations
TL;DR: Terahertz irradiation and sensing is being applied for the first time to a wide range of fields outside the traditional niches of space science, molecular line spectroscopy, and plasma diagnostics as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Terahertz irradiation and sensing is being applied for the first time to a wide range of fields outside the traditional niches of space science, molecular line spectroscopy, and plasma diagnostics. This paper surveys some of the terahertz measurements and applications of interest in the biological and medical sciences.
1,090 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the various techniques used for terahertz image formation can be found in this paper, as well as numerous examples which illustrate the many exciting potential uses for these emerging technologies.
Abstract: Within the last several years, the field of terahertz science and technology has changed dramatically. Many new advances in the technology for generation, manipulation, and detection of terahertz radiation have revolutionized the field. Much of this interest has been inspired by the promise of valuable new applications for terahertz imaging and sensing. Among a long list of proposed uses, one finds compelling needs such as security screening and quality control, as well as whimsical notions such as counting the almonds in a bar of chocolate. This list has grown in parallel with the development of new technologies and new paradigms for imaging and sensing. Many of these proposed applications exploit the unique capabilities of terahertz radiation to penetrate common packaging materials and provide spectroscopic information about the materials within. Several of the techniques used for terahertz imaging have been borrowed from other, more well established fields such as x-ray computed tomography and synthetic aperture radar. Others have been developed exclusively for the terahertz field, and have no analogies in other portions of the spectrum. This review provides a comprehensive description of the various techniques which have been employed for terahertz image formation, as well as discussing numerous examples which illustrate the many exciting potential uses for these emerging technologies.
962 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of terahertz (THz) technology and a typical system used in biomedical applications is described, considering applications ranging from THz spectroscopy of crystalline drugs to THz imaging of skin cancer.
Abstract: We review the development of terahertz (THz) technology and describe a typical system used in biomedical applications. By considering where the THz regime lies in the electromagnetic spectrum, we see that THz radiation predominantly excites vibrational modes that are present in water. Thus, water absorption dominates spectroscopy and imaging of soft tissues. However, there are advantages of THz methods that make it attractive for pharmaceutical and clinical applications. In this review, we consider applications ranging from THz spectroscopy of crystalline drugs to THz imaging of skin cancer.
724 citations
References
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TL;DR: This chapter provides an insight of the findings of past significant papers with the current knowledge of the recently determined high resolution X-ray structure of serum albumin and suggests that AFP may have a higher affinity for some unknown ligands important for fetal development.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter provides an insight of the findings of past significant papers with the current knowledge of the recently determined high resolution X-ray structure of serum albumin. The most outstanding property of albumin is its ability to bind reversibly an incredible variety of ligands. The sequences of all albumins are characterized by a unique arrangement of disulfide double loops that repeat as a series of triplets. Albumin belongs to a multigene family of proteins that includes α- fetoprotein (AFP) and vitamin D-binding protein (VDP), also known as G complement (Gc) protein. Although AFP is considered the fetal counterpart of albumin, its binding properties are distinct and it is suggested that AFP may have a higher affinity for some unknown ligands important for fetal development. Domain structure and the arrangement of the disulfides, the surface charge distribution, and the conformational flexibility of the albumin molecule are described. The nature of ligand binding, including small organics, long-chain fatty acids, and metals, to multiple sites on the albumin molecule is clearly depicted. The chapter concludes with the perceptive comments on future directions being taken to explore the structure and function of this fascinating protein.
2,988 citations
Book•
01 Sep 1982
TL;DR: A Unified View of Raman, Resonance Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopy (and their Analogues in Two-Photon Absorption) Magnetic Raman Optical Acitivity as mentioned in this paper The resonance Raman Effect and Depolarization in Vibrational Raman Scattering Low Frequency Depolarized Light Scattering from Liquids and Solutions
Abstract: Infrared Spectroscopy of the Electrode-Electrolyte Solution Interface Infrared Spectral Studies of DNA Conformations Vibrational Analysis of the Retinal Isomers A Unified View of Raman, Resonance Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopy (and their Analogues in Two-Photon Absorption) Magnetic Raman Optical Acitivity The Resonance Raman Effect and Depolarization in Vibrational Raman Scattering Low Frequency Depolarized Light Scattering from Liquids and Solutions.
1,233 citations
TL;DR: The normal-mode refinement method of protein X-ray crystallography, which is developed based on the concept of the above important subspace, is discussed and indicates that most important conformational events are taking place in a conformational subspace spanned by a rather small number of principal modes.
Abstract: The importance of collective motions in proteins, such as hinge-bending motions or motions involving domains, has been recognized. Occurrence of such motions and their experimental and theoretical studies are reviewed. Normal-mode analysis and principal component analysis are powerful theoretical tools for studying such motions. The former is based on the assumption of harmonicity of the dynamics, while the latter is valid even when the dynamics is highly anharmonic. The results of the latter analysis indicate that most important conformational events are taking place in a conformational subspace spanned by a rather small number of principal modes, and this important subspace is also spanned by a small number of normal modes. The normal-mode refinement method of protein X-ray crystallography, which is developed based on the concept of the above important subspace, is discussed.
260 citations
TL;DR: In this article, free-space electro-optic sampling (FSEOS) was used with photoconducting antennas to detect terahertz (THz) radiation in the range of 0.1-3 THz.
Abstract: We compare the use of free-space electro-optic sampling (FSEOS) with photoconducting antennas to detect terahertz (THz) radiation in the range of 0.1–3 THz. For the same average THz power and low-frequency modulation, signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity are better with antenna detection at frequencies smaller than 3 THz. When the modulation frequency is increased to more than 1 MHz in FSEOS, both detection schemes have comparable performance. Using a singular-electric-field THz emitter, we demonstrate the feasibility of a THz imaging system using real-time delay scanning in FSEOS and only 20 mW of laser power.
179 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method for robust target identification using a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GMRT) using a generalized likelihood ratio test (GRRT).
Abstract: PULSE GENERATION AND DETECTION: Semiconductor Switching: The Time Evolution of Photonic Crystal Bandgaps (K. Agi et al.). General: Ultrawideband Pulser Technology (D.M. Parkes). ANTENNAS: Impulse Radiating Antennas: Transient Fields of Rectangular Aperture Antennas (S.P. Sulkin). Reflector Impulse Radiating Antennas: Temporal and Spectral Radiation on Boresight of a Reflector Type of Impulse Radiating Antenna (IRA) (D.V. Giri, C.E. Baum). Lens Impulse Radiating Antennas and TEM Horns: Design of the Low-Frequency Compensation of an Extreme-Bandwidth TEM Horn and Lens IRA (M.H. Vogel). Arrays: Transient Arrays (C.E> Baum). General: Some Basic Properties of Antennas Associated with Ultra-wideband Radiation (S.N. Samaddar, E.L. Mokole). PULSE PROPOGATION AND GUIDEANCE: Transient Dielectric Coefficient and Conductance in Dielectric Media in Nonstationary Fields (A. Gutman). SCATTERING THEORY, COMPUTATION, AND MEASUREMENTS: Early Time Signature Analysis of Dielectric Targets Using UWB Radar (S. Cloude et al.). SIGNAL PROCESSING: Time-Frequency Analysis: Feature Extraction from Electromagnetic Backscattered Data Using Joint Time-Frequency Processing (L.C. Trintinalia, H. Ling). Spectral Techniques: The E-Pulse Technique for Dispersive Scatterers (S. Primak et al.). Probabilistic Considerations: Robust Target Identification Using a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (J.E. Mooney et al.). General: Error Correction in Transient Electromagnetic Field Measurements Using Deconvolution Techniques (J-Z. Bao et al.). BROADBAND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS: Systems and Components: Ultra-wideband Sources and Antennas: Present Technology, Future Challenges (W.D. Prather et al.). Ultra-Wideband Radars: Dense Media Penetrating Radar (K. Min, M. Willis, Jr.). Polarimetric Ultra-wideband Radars: Polarimetry in Ultra-wideband Interferometric SEnsing and Imaging (W-M. Boerner, J.S. Verdi). BURIED TARGETS: Analytic Methods for Pulsed Signal Interaction with Layered, Lossy Soil Environments and Buried Objects (L.B. Felsen). 41 additional articles. Index.
179 citations