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Pushing the Limits of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: Beyond Fungal Species Identification

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TLDR
In this article, a review of the use of MALDI-TOF in the clinical mycology laboratory is presented, focusing on present and future applications of this versatile analytical tool in the field of bioinformatics.
Abstract
Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) is a powerful analytical tool that has revolutionized microbial identification. Routinely used for bacterial identification, MALDI-TOF has recently been applied to both yeast and filamentous fungi, confirming its pivotal role in the rapid and reliable diagnosis of infections. Subspecies-level identification holds an important role in epidemiological investigations aimed at tracing virulent or drug resistant clones. This review focuses on present and future applications of this versatile tool in the clinical mycology laboratory.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Molecular diagnostics in medical mycology

TL;DR: Current and future molecular technologies used for fungal identification, and some of the problems associated with development and implementation of these technologies in today’s clinical microbiology laboratories are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Online Databases for Taxonomy and Identification of Pathogenic Fungi and Proposal for a Cloud-Based Dynamic Data Network Platform.

TL;DR: This minireview aims to provide an overview of currently available online databases for the taxonomy and identification of human and animal-pathogenic fungi and calls for the establishment of a cloud-based dynamic data network platform.
Journal ArticleDOI

New) Methods for Detection of Aspergillus fumigatus Resistance in Clinical Samples.

TL;DR: New molecular-based approaches for detecting triazole resistance to Aspergillus, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect mutations to the Cyp51A protein, have been developed which are able to detect mostTriazole-resistant A. fumigatus strains in patients with invasive aspergillosis.
Journal ArticleDOI

New method for the identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by proteomic-based biotyping of spores using MALDI-TOF-MS

TL;DR: Fast, accurate and inexpensive molecular mass determination and the possibility of automation make MALDI-TOF-MS a real alternative to conventional morphological and molecular methods for AMF identification.
Journal ArticleDOI

MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy of yeasts and filamentous fungi for research and diagnostics in the agricultural value chain

TL;DR: The role of MALDI-TOF MS as a tool for species identification; in particular with respect to DNA-based identification methods is discussed, and the value of custom-made reference spectra for MalDI biotyping is highlighted.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

MALDI-TOF typing highlights geographical and fluconazole resistance clusters in Candida glabrata

TL;DR: MALDI-TOF geographical clustering was congruent with MPL genotyping and highlighted a significant population genetic structure according to fluconazole susceptibility in C. glabrata.
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Identification of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Isolates by Use of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

TL;DR: It is suggested that it is possible to use MALDI-TOF MS to differentiate Hib from other H. influenzae, a promising method for rapidly identifying Hib in unvaccinated populations and for the screening and surveillance of Hib carriage in vaccinated populations.
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Differentiation of the Emerging Human Pathogens Trichosporon asahii and Trichosporon asteroides from Other Pathogenic Yeasts and Moulds by Using Species-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies

TL;DR: The hybridoma technology was used to produce two murine monoclonal antibodies, CA7 and TH1, for detection and differentiation of Trichosporon from other human pathogenic yeasts and moulds, which represent a major advance in the identification of T. asahii and T. asteroides using standard mycological identification methods.
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Candida “Psilosis” – electromigration techniques and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for phenotypical discrimination

TL;DR: The results have revealed that the proposed methods, especially matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of intact yeast cells, can be used as the efficient tools for discrimination and identification of the phenotypically indistinguishable microorganisms.
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Investigation of a Cluster of Candida albicans Invasive Candidiasis in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

TL;DR: The temporal clustering of six cases of neonatal IC due to Candida albicans in an NICU and the effectiveness of PFGE-Sfi I for typing of epidemiologically related C. al bicans isolates illustrate the relevance of the molecular approach to investigate suspected outbreaks in hospital surveys.
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