Book•
Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook
12 Jan 1994-
TL;DR: This book presents a step-by-step guide to making the research results presented in reports, slideshows, posters, and data visualizations more interesting, and describes how coding initiates qualitative data analysis.
Abstract: Matthew B. Miles, Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook, Third Edition. The Third Edition of Miles & Huberman's classic research methods text is updated and streamlined by Johnny Saldana, author of The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. Several of the data display strategies from previous editions are now presented in re-envisioned and reorganized formats to enhance reader accessibility and comprehension. The Third Edition's presentation of the fundamentals of research design and data management is followed by five distinct methods of analysis: exploring, describing, ordering, explaining, and predicting. Miles and Huberman's original research studies are profiled and accompanied with new examples from Saldana's recent qualitative work. The book's most celebrated chapter, "Drawing and Verifying Conclusions," is retained and revised, and the chapter on report writing has been greatly expanded, and is now called "Writing About Qualitative Research." Comprehensive and authoritative, Qualitative Data Analysis has been elegantly revised for a new generation of qualitative researchers. Johnny Saldana, The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers, Second Edition. The Second Edition of Johnny Saldana's international bestseller provides an in-depth guide to the multiple approaches available for coding qualitative data. Fully up-to-date, it includes new chapters, more coding techniques and an additional glossary. Clear, practical and authoritative, the book: describes how coding initiates qualitative data analysis; demonstrates the writing of analytic memos; discusses available analytic software; suggests how best to use the book for particular studies. In total, 32 coding methods are profiled that can be applied to a range of research genres from grounded theory to phenomenology to narrative inquiry. For each approach, Saldana discusses the method's origins, a description of the method, practical applications, and a clearly illustrated example with analytic follow-up. A unique and invaluable reference for students, teachers, and practitioners of qualitative inquiry, this book is essential reading across the social sciences. Stephanie D. H. Evergreen, Presenting Data Effectively Communicating Your Findings for Maximum Impact. This is a step-by-step guide to making the research results presented in reports, slideshows, posters, and data visualizations more interesting. Written in an easy, accessible manner, Presenting Data Effectively provides guiding principles for designing data presentations so that they are more likely to be heard, remembered, and used. The guidance in the book stems from the author's extensive study of research reporting, a solid review of the literature in graphic design and related fields, and the input of a panel of graphic design experts. Those concepts are then translated into language relevant to students, researchers, evaluators, and non-profit workers - anyone in a position to have to report on data to an outside audience. The book guides the reader through design choices related to four primary areas: graphics, type, color, and arrangement. As a result, readers can present data more effectively, with the clarity and professionalism that best represents their work.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the role of budgeting in the context of more flexible modes of management required in conditions of uncertainty and highlight the ways in which one organization sought to reconcile these potentially conflicting objectives.
Abstract: This paper explores the role of budgeting in the context of the more flexible modes of management required in conditions of uncertainty. It contributes to the growing literature on the tensions between the need to meet specified financial targets, as expressed in budgets, and the need for more flexible and innovative forms of managing prompted by heightened market volatility and rapid rates of technological change. Drawing on case study evidence, the paper introduces the notion of “continuous budgeting” to highlight the ways in which one organization sought to reconcile these potentially conflicting objectives. By integrating different uses of budgeting with other management controls, the processes of “continuous budgeting” encouraged managers to use their discretion in operational matters when confronted by unexpected events. Consequently, it enabled managers to prioritise, as necessary, the revision of plans and reallocation of resources in order to meet wider strategic organizational objectives. As well as empowering managers, “continuous budgeting” also imposed strict accountabilities to ensure that managers remained committed to achieving their own and the organization’s financial targets. Thus far from being an obstacle, budgeting contributed effectively to both the flexibility and the financial discipline required for effective strategy implementation.
185 citations
TL;DR: The case study method has been used in several areas of international business (IB) research as mentioned in this paper, such as discovery, description, mapping and relationship building, but they may also be used for theory testing, refutation, refining and refining.
Abstract: Introduction The case study method has been used in several areas of international business (IB) research. For instance, the "Uppsala model" which is well-known to those researching internationalization is based on four Swedish cases introduced by Jan Johanson and Finn Wiedersheim-Paul in 1975. (The Uppsala model states that in the initiation of international activities, firms lack market knowledge and thus begin their foreign market entry from comparatively similar and well-known countries and prefer exporting as it is easier than establishing sales or manufacturing subsidiaries abroad.) Despite the success of this multi-case study, several scholars have affirmed that quantitative methods are more often used in many business and management disciplines, even if case studies and other qualitative methods are sometimes more justified (for an overview, see Cassell, Symon, Buehring, & Johnson, 2006; Ellram, 1996; Macpherson, Brooker, & Ainsworth, 2000; Marschan-Piekkari & Welch, 2004; Woodside & Wilson, 2003). Consequently, the case study methodology still needs more systematic attention. This paper aims to investigate the usefulness and limitations of case studies as a research methodology in IB and propose several ways for using the method more effectively. It starts from an overview of the literature on the strengths of single and multiple case studies. Then, the critique associated with this method is discussed. Moreover, the strengths and weaknesses of surveys are also briefly introduced, as this method is very often used in IB literature as an alternative or (sometimes) a complement to case studies. Finally, several opportunities for increasing the contribution of case studies are brought out. This study mainly focuses on IB and case study research literature, but some ideas from management, logistics, and marketing are also included. I selected the IB area because this was the focus of my dissertation (Vissak, 2003) and most of my published articles have been written in this field. I have had experience both from conducting case studies (my Ph.D. dissertation was based on seven cases and I have also used this method in a large share of my articles) and surveys (my MA dissertation and some of my articles were based on econometric models constructed from survey data). I have reviewed a large number of journal articles and conference papers (using both quantitative and qualitative methods) and also have been a discussant at several doctoral tutorials. In this article, I share my experience as an author, a reviewer, and a discussant. The Strengths of Case Studies Case study research is a very useful method as it allows expanding and generalizing theories by combining the existing theoretical knowledge with new empirical insights (Yin, 1994). This is especially important in studying topics that have not attracted much previous research attention. The application of this method can be useful for transcending the local boundaries of the investigated cases, capturing new layers of reality, and developing new, testable and empirically valid theoretical and practical insights (Eisenhardt, 1989; Eisenhardt & Graebner, 2007; Ghauri, 2004; Glaser & Strauss, 1967; Stuart, McCutcheon, Handfield, McLachlin, & Samson, 2002; Tsoukas, 1989; Voss, Tsikriktsis, & Frohlich, 2002). Case studies are especially helpful for discovery, description, mapping and relationship building, but they may also be used for theory testing, refutation, refining (Gummesson, 2005; Hillebrand, Kok, & Biemans, 2001; Johnston, Leach, & Liu, 1999; Tsoukas; Voss et al.; Woodside & Wilson, 2003; Yin), illustration (Otley & Berry, 1998; Siggelkow, 2007), classification, hypothesis development (Bensabat, Goldstein, & Mead, 1987; Tellis, 1997b), prediction (Woodside & Wilson) and identification of further research needs (Halinen & Tornroos, 2005; Siggelkow, 2007; Simon, Sohal, & Brown, 1996). …
185 citations
Cites background from "Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expan..."
...Consequently, the researcher can go much further than a cross-sectional snapshot of a process (Ghauri, 2004; Johnston et al., 1999; Leonard-Barton, 1990; Miles & Huberman, 1994; Stuart et al., 2002; Tellis, 1997b; Yin, 1994)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine, using Gould and Carson's (2008) model of coaching life skills, the philosophies and strategies used by model high school coaches to coach life skills and how to transfer these life skills to other areas of life.
Abstract: Whether life skills are developed through sport greatly depends on how coaches create suitable environments that promote the development of youth (Gould & Carson, 2008). The purpose of this study was to examine, using Gould and Carson’s (2008) model of coaching life skills, the philosophies and strategies used by model high school coaches to coach life skills and how to transfer these life skills to other areas of life. Interviews were conducted with both coaches and their student-athletes. Results indicated that coaches understood their student-athletes preexisting make up and had philosophies based on promoting the development of student-athletes. Results also demonstrated that coaches had strategies designed to coach life skills and educate student-athletes about the transferability of the skills they learned in sport. Although variations were reported, coaches and student-athletes generally believed that student-athletes can transfer the skills learned in sport to other areas of life. These results ar...
184 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the nature of influences that parents exert on the quality of the dyadic coach-athlete relationship and propose a conceptual model as a guiding framework for the study, which incorporates Sprecher, Felmlee, Orbuch, and Willets' notion of social networks and Jowett and Cockerill's (2002) conceptualization of coach athlete relationships.
Abstract: The study aims to explore the nature of influences that parents exert on the quality of the dyadic coach-athlete relationship. A conceptual model was proposed as a guiding framework for the study. The proposed model incorporates Sprecher, Felmlee, Orbuch, and Willets’ (2002) notion of social networks and Jowett and Cockerill’s (2002) conceptualization of coach-athlete relationships. Fifteen participants from five coach-athleteparent triads were interviewed, and content analysis revealed that athletes’ parents (a “psychologically significant” network member) provided a range of information, opportunities, and extensive emotional support, all of which influenced the quality of the coach-athlete relationship as defined by closeness, commitment, and complementarity. Results are discussed based on previous relevant research along with recommendations for future research directions and practical applications.
184 citations
TL;DR: The prevalence of burnout among nurses working in Accident and Emergency and acute medicine was identified, factors that contribute to stress and burnout were established, and the experiences of nurses affected by it were determined.
Abstract: This study was designed to identify the prevalence of burnout among nurses working in Accident and Emergency (A & E) and acute medicine, to establish factors that contribute to stress and burnout, to determine the experiences of nurses affected by it and highlight its effects on patient care and to determine if stress and burnout have any effects on individuals outside the clinical setting. A triangulated research design was used incorporating quantitative and qualitative methods. Maslach Burnout Inventory was used. Nurses working in acute medicine experienced higher levels of emotional exhaustion than their A & E counterparts. The overall level of depersonalization was low. High levels of personal accomplishment were experienced less by junior members of staff. Stress and burnout have far reaching effects both for nurses in their clinical practice and personal lives. If nurses continue to work in their current environment without issues being tackled, then burnout will result. The science of nursing does not have to be painful, but by recognition of the existence of stress and burnout we can take the first steps towards their prevention.
184 citations