Qualitative research & evaluation methods

Book•

Qualitative research & evaluation methods

01 Jan 2002-Iss: 1

TL;DR: In this paper, conceptual issues and themes on qualitative research and evaluaton methods including: qualitative data, triangulated inquiry, qualitative inquiry, constructivism, constructionism, complexity (chaos) theory, qualitative designs and data collection, fieldwork strategies, interviewing, tape-recording, ethical issues, analysis, interpretation and reporting, observations vs. perceived impacts and utilisation-focused evaluation reporting.

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Abstract: This book explains clearly conceptual issues and themes on qualitative research and evaluaton methods including: qualitative data, triangulated inquiry, qualitative inquiry, constructivism, constructionism, Complexity (chaos) theory, qualitative designs and data collection, fieldwork strategies, interviewing, tape-recording, ethical issues, analysis, interpretation and reporting, observations vs. perceived impacts and utilisation-focused evaluation reporting.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Demonstrating Rigor Using Thematic Analysis: A Hybrid Approach of Inductive and Deductive Coding and Theme Development

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Jennifer Fereday, Eimear Muir-Cochrane¹•Institutions (1)

University of South Australia¹

01 Mar 2006-The International Journal of Qualitative Methods

TL;DR: This article used a hybrid process of inductive and deductive thematic analysis to interpret raw data in a doctoral study on the role of performance feedback in the self-assessment of nursing practice.

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Abstract: In this article, the authors describe how they used a hybrid process of inductive and deductive thematic analysis to interpret raw data in a doctoral study on the role of performance feedback in the self-assessment of nursing practice. The methodological approach integrated data-driven codes with theory-driven ones based on the tenets of social phenomenology. The authors present a detailed exemplar of the staged process of data coding and identification of themes. This process demonstrates how analysis of the raw data from interview transcripts and organizational documents progressed toward the identification of overarching themes that captured the phenomenon of performance feedback as described by participants in the study.

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7,521 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis

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Mariette Bengtsson¹•Institutions (1)

Malmö University¹

01 Jan 2016-NursingPlus Open

TL;DR: This description of qualitative content analysis offers one approach that shows how the general principles of the method can be used and four distinct main stages are described: the decontextualisation, the recontextualization, the categorization, and the compilation.

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2,368 citations

Cites background or methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."

...This approach affects the researcher's interpretation of the informants' story and the conclusions given in the result (Morse & Richards, 2002; Patton, 2002)....
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...However, the sample size should be determined on the basis of informational needs so that the research question can be answered with sufficient confidence (Krippendorff, 2004; Patton, 2002)....
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...Nevertheless, the researcher must still decide what constitutes the themes and what conclusions can be drawn from the results (Flick, 2002; Patton, 2002)....
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...In general, the researchers are more interested in depth understanding of a specific issue and in showing different perspectives rather than aiming at singular truth and generalization (Patton, 2002; Rolfe, 2006)....
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...In some way, the researcher attempts to “stay true” to the text and to achieve nder the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). trustworthiness (Downe-Wambolt, 1992; Morse & Richards, 2002; Patton, 2002; Silverman, 2001)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Systematic text condensation: a strategy for qualitative analysis

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Kirsti Malterud¹•Institutions (1)

University of Bergen¹

04 Dec 2012-Scandinavian Journal of Public Health

TL;DR: Systematic text condensation is a strategy for analysis developed from traditions shared by most of the methods for analysis of qualitative data that offers the novice researcher a process of intersubjectivity, reflexivity, and feasibility, while maintaining a responsible level of methodological rigour.

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Abstract: Aims: To present background, principles, and procedures for a strategy for qualitative analysis called systematic text condensation and discuss this approach compared with related strategies. Metho...

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1,542 citations

Cites background from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."

...The term “content analysis”, frequently applied synonymously with “thematic analysis” [21], should be avoided, since this concept also denotes quantification of qualitative data – which is actually very different from of an inductive and cross-case synthesis of text and meaning....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Design-Based Research and Technology-Enhanced Learning Environments.

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Feng Wang¹, Michael J. Hannafin¹•Institutions (1)

University of Georgia¹

01 Dec 2005-Educational Technology Research and Development

TL;DR: The importance of design- based research for the development of TELEs is described, principles for implementing design-based research withTELEs are proposed, and future challenges of using this methodology are discussed.

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Abstract: During the past decade, design-based research has demonstrated its potential as a methodology suitable to both research and design of technology-enhanced learning environments (TELEs). In this paper, we define and identify characteristics of design-based research, describe the importance of design-based research for the development of TELEs, propose principles for implementing design-based research with TELEs, and discuss future challenges of using this methodology.

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1,529 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Code Saturation Versus Meaning Saturation: How Many Interviews Are Enough?

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Monique Hennink¹, Bonnie N. Kaiser², Vincent C. Marconi¹, Vincent C. Marconi³•Institutions (3)

Emory University¹, Duke University², Veterans Health Administration³

01 Mar 2017-Qualitative Health Research

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared two approaches to assess saturation: code saturation and meaning saturation, and examined sample sizes needed to reach saturation in each approach, what saturation meant, and how to assess it.

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Abstract: Saturation is a core guiding principle to determine sample sizes in qualitative research, yet little methodological research exists on parameters that influence saturation. Our study compared two approaches to assessing saturation: code saturation and meaning saturation. We examined sample sizes needed to reach saturation in each approach, what saturation meant, and how to assess saturation. Examining 25 in-depth interviews, we found that code saturation was reached at nine interviews, whereby the range of thematic issues was identified. However, 16 to 24 interviews were needed to reach meaning saturation where we developed a richly textured understanding of issues. Thus, code saturation may indicate when researchers have "heard it all," but meaning saturation is needed to "understand it all." We used our results to develop parameters that influence saturation, which may be used to estimate sample sizes for qualitative research proposals or to document in publications the grounds on which saturation was achieved.

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1,508 citations

Cites background from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."

...Qualitative studies typically use purposively selected samples (as opposed to probability-driven samples), which seek a diverse range of “information-rich” sources (Patton, 1990) and focus more on the quality and richness of data rather than the number of participants....
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Qualitative research & evaluation methods

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Cites background from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."

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