Book•
Qualitative research & evaluation methods
01 Jan 2002-Iss: 1
TL;DR: In this paper, conceptual issues and themes on qualitative research and evaluaton methods including: qualitative data, triangulated inquiry, qualitative inquiry, constructivism, constructionism, complexity (chaos) theory, qualitative designs and data collection, fieldwork strategies, interviewing, tape-recording, ethical issues, analysis, interpretation and reporting, observations vs. perceived impacts and utilisation-focused evaluation reporting.
Abstract: This book explains clearly conceptual issues and themes on qualitative research and evaluaton methods including: qualitative data, triangulated inquiry, qualitative inquiry, constructivism, constructionism, Complexity (chaos) theory, qualitative designs and data collection, fieldwork strategies, interviewing, tape-recording, ethical issues, analysis, interpretation and reporting, observations vs. perceived impacts and utilisation-focused evaluation reporting.
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19 Jul 2018
TL;DR: In this article, Keller's Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction (ARCS) motivational design model was integrated into two MOOCs as an initial exploration of how to design effective motivational interventions in MOOC environment.
Abstract: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) often have low persistence rates, which may be attributed to a learners’ lack of motivation In this design-based research study, Keller’s Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction (ARCS) motivational design model was integrated into two MOOCs as an initial exploration of how to design effective motivational interventions in MOOC environment The Instructional Motivation Materials Scale (IMMS) was used to measure learners’ perceptions and reactions to the course components, in terms of the ARCS model, in both MOOCs The whole design, implementation, and evaluation process was documented and reflected upon to provide practical guidance on designing motivational-enhanced materials in MOOC environments The results revealed patterns of learners selectively paying attention, drawing relevance for self-determined reasons, having high confidence, and deriving satisfaction from multiple sources
45 citations
Cites methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...Because data analysis is qualitative in nature and all data sources came from the learners, we used Btriangulation of sources^ (Patton 2002, p. 556) in our data collection and analysis to ensure credibility....
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TL;DR: The findings offer an increased understanding of how medical and nursing students learn in the clinical setting and show that the clinical learning environment contributes to the socialisation process of students not only into their future profession, but also into their role as learners.
Abstract: This paper explores and contrasts undergraduate medical and nursing students' experiences of the clinical learning environment. Using a sociocultural perspective of learning and an interpretative approach, 15 in-depth interviews with medical and nursing students were analysed with content analysis. Students' experiences are described using a framework of 'before', 'during' and 'after' clinical placements. Three major themes emerged from the analysis, contrasting the medical and nursing students' experiences of the clinical learning environment: (1) expectations of the placement; (2) relationship with the supervisor; and (3) focus of learning. The findings offer an increased understanding of how medical and nursing students learn in the clinical setting; they also show that the clinical learning environment contributes to the socialisation process of students not only into their future profession, but also into their role as learners. Differences between the two professions should be taken into consideration when designing interprofessional learning activities. Also, the findings can be used as a tool for clinical supervisors in the reflection on how student learning in the clinical learning environment can be improved.
45 citations
Cites background from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...The researchers’ preunderstanding of the field contributed to a deeper analysis of the investigated phenomena, something that might not have been achieved with researchers who were novice in the context of health science education (Patton 2002)....
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TL;DR: Boyte et al. as mentioned in this paper employed a theoretical perspective to understand and recognize the role of institutional culture within the civic responsibility movement in higher education, and found that the impact of organizational culture on civic responsibility has received little scholarly attention.
Abstract: In recent years, American higher education institu- tions have been urged to refocus their attention on civic responsibility, a concept central to their functioning since the higher education enterprise began nearly 400 years ago (Kezar, Chambers, & Burkhardt, 2005). In the mid-1980s and throughout the 1990s, coalitions such as Campus Compact emerged, and several commissions were formed that generated reports ad- dressing the renewal of the civic mission of higher education institutions (Boyte & Hollander, 1999; Ehrlich & Hollander, 1999; Kellogg Commis- sion, 1999). Indeed, some change is evident in increased efforts to recog- nize faculty public service scholarship (e.g., Boyer, 1990) and in the on- going conversations among public officials, educators, scholars, professional organizations, and others as led by the National Forum on Higher Education for the Public Good through the Wingspread Confer- ence Series. Many of these reports and conversations focus on curricular and cocurricular improvements, while the impact of organizational culture on civic responsibility has received little scholarly attention. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to employ a theoretical perspective to bet- ter understand and recognize the role of institutional culture within the civic responsibility movement in higher education.
45 citations
Cites background from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...They were considered to be potentially rich data sources (Marshall & Rossman, 1999; Patton, 2002)....
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...Interview participants were identified using snowball sampling methods (Patton, 2002), and the high concentration of student affairs professional in the sample can be seen as a limitation of the study....
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...This type of research, which aims to understand the meaning of lived experiences, is best accomplished using qualitative research methods (Patton, 2002)....
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...In summary, these two sites were selected because they met four criteria of the study (Patton, 2002): (a) they are research universities; (b) they are public institutions, which may be assumed to attend to certain issues of responsible citizenship in ways that private research universities may not; (c) they have been recognized as exemplary in one or more dimensions of civic responsibility; and (d) they were accessible to the researchers....
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...In summary, these two sites were selected because they met four criteria of the study (Patton, 2002): (a) they are research universities; (b) they are public institutions, which may be assumed to attend to certain issues of responsible citizenship in ways that private research universities may not;…...
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TL;DR: In this article, the role of paraprofessionals in the educational environment of Cyprus and how they assist in the provision of more inclusive education was investigated, and they employed qualitative research methods to collect data from two schools.
Abstract: A presupposition of inclusive education is that all children have the right to attend the school of their neighbourhood The implication of this is that schools begin to be organised in ways to provide equal opportunities for teaching and learning of all children However, to achieve this, it is implied that schools need more teachers or at least personnel Thus, many educational systems around the world require the involvement of more teachers and this brings a significant additional financial cost In order to defray some of the additional costs for additional teachers, many school systems opt to involve paraprofessionals in the educational process, especially for supporting children who experience difficulties in learning The purpose of this paper is to study the role of paraprofessionals in the educational environment of Cyprus, and how they assist in the provision of more inclusive education We employed qualitative research methods to collect data from two schools Our findings show that paraprofes
45 citations
Cites methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...For data collection, qualitative research methods were used (Patton 2002)....
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TL;DR: The case of the Netherlands shows that nurses in developing their advanced role are facing barriers, similar to those in other countries, where the dominance of efficiency arguments combined with protection of medical autonomy undermines the development towards nursing care that really benefits patients.
Abstract: Aim
To explore the debate on the development of the nurse practitioner profession in the Netherlands.
Background
In the Netherlands, the positives and negatives of nurse practitioners working in the medical domain have been debated since the role was introduced in 1997. The outcome of the debate is crucial for nurse practitioners' professional development and society's justification of their tasks.
Method
Review of 14 policy documents, 35 opinion papers from nurses, 363 opinion articles from physicians and 24 Dutch research papers concerning nurse practitioners from 1995 to 2012.
Results
Two discourses were revealed: one related to efficiency and one to the development of the profession. In both, the nurse practitioner role was presented as a solution for healthcare and workforce problems, while arguments differed. The efficiency discourse seemed most influential. Opinions of nurse practitioners were underrepresented; taking up new responsibilities was driven by the wish to improve patient care. While most physicians were willing to delegate tasks to nurse practitioners, they wished to retain final responsibility for medical care.
Limitations
All available publications were extensively studied, which could not include unpublished policy documents from the government or influential parties. This may have led to some selectivity.
Conclusion
The case of the Netherlands shows that nurses in developing their advanced role are facing barriers, similar to those in other countries. The dominance of efficiency arguments combined with protection of medical autonomy undermines the development towards nursing care that really benefits patients.
Implications for nursing and health policy
Nurse practitioners should strive to obtain positions in which they are allowed to make their own decisions and wise use of healthcare resources for the good of patients and society. Nurse practitioners should aim to become members of influential healthcare Boards in their countries, in which they can raise their voices and be involved in policy making.
45 citations
Cites methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...A range of qualitative analytic strategies are available to perform content analysis (Patton 2002, p. 453)....
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