Book•
Qualitative research & evaluation methods
01 Jan 2002-Iss: 1
TL;DR: In this paper, conceptual issues and themes on qualitative research and evaluaton methods including: qualitative data, triangulated inquiry, qualitative inquiry, constructivism, constructionism, complexity (chaos) theory, qualitative designs and data collection, fieldwork strategies, interviewing, tape-recording, ethical issues, analysis, interpretation and reporting, observations vs. perceived impacts and utilisation-focused evaluation reporting.
Abstract: This book explains clearly conceptual issues and themes on qualitative research and evaluaton methods including: qualitative data, triangulated inquiry, qualitative inquiry, constructivism, constructionism, Complexity (chaos) theory, qualitative designs and data collection, fieldwork strategies, interviewing, tape-recording, ethical issues, analysis, interpretation and reporting, observations vs. perceived impacts and utilisation-focused evaluation reporting.
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TL;DR: There is a need for society to develop counseling systems to meet very old people's ambivalence and practical considerations to move or not to move by also taking nonmovers into account.
Abstract: PURPOSE: This cross-national qualitative study explores how very old people reflect upon relocation and aging in place. DESIGN AND METHODS: Swedish and German data are utilized in this study. About 80 community-living participants, 80-89 years of age, were interviewed with open-ended questions at home by trained interviewers. The interviews were analyzed by using conventional qualitative content analyses. RESULTS: Reasoning about relocation or aging in place in very old age is a complex and ambivalent matter. A variety of reflections, emotions, and behaviors for and against a move are revealed. Reasons to move reflect the urge to maintain independence, to stay in control, and to avoid loneliness. This is mainly expressed reactively. Reasons not to move reflect a strong attachment to the home and neighborhood. Moreover, reasons not to move reflect practical aspect such as economy and strain, as well as fear of losing continuity of habits and routines. IMPLICATIONS: There is a need for society to develop counseling systems to meet very old people's ambivalence and practical considerations to move or not to move. Thus, the ambivalence to stay put or to relocate needs to be further explored from an applied perspective by also taking nonmovers into account.
124 citations
Cites background or methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...Based on baseline information from the ENABLE-AGE Survey Study database (Iwarsson, et al., 2007), diversity in the sample (Patton, 2002) in terms of sex, age, type of dwelling and self-rated health was met....
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..., 2007), diversity in the sample (Patton, 2002) in terms of sex, age, type of dwelling, and self-rated health was met....
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TL;DR: The field of second language studies is using increasingly sophisticated methodological approaches to address a growing number of urgent, real-world problems as discussed by the authors, such as fragmentation, generalizability, and replication.
Abstract: The field of second language studies is using increasingly sophisticated methodological approaches to address a growing number of urgent, real-world problems. These methodological developments bring both new challenges and opportunities. This article briefly reviews recent ontological and methodological debates in the field, then builds on these insights to consider some of the current dilemmas faced by researchers of second language teaching and learning, including concerns regarding fragmentation, generalizability, and replication. Through a review of recent research, we argue that one means of addressing these ongoing questions is to continue to focus collectively and collaboratively on solving real-world problems of language learning, while also layering our perspectives. By layering, we mean considering the central philosophical challenges, often those that are basic values in our methodological approaches, such as objectivity and bias, from varied epistemological stances. We argue that recognizing these differences and using a layered approach will enhance and improve our attempts to address the pressing problems in our field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
123 citations
TL;DR: In this article, two different formative assessment methods, an individual, written assessment and an oral group assessment, were components of a pathology course within a medical curriculum, and a cohort of 70 students were collected from 17 students and group interviews were carried out to explore the students' experiences of these two forms of assessment.
Abstract: This study aims to provide a greater insight into how formative assessments are experienced and understood by students. Two different formative assessment methods, an individual, written assessment and an oral group assessment, were components of a pathology course within a medical curriculum. In a cohort of 70 students, written accounts were collected from 17 students and group interviews were carried out to explore the students’ experiences of these two forms of assessment. All students were engaged in both assessment methods, which were conducted a few weeks apart, and data were collected soon after each assessment. Our findings suggest that formative assessments motivate students to study, make them aware of what they have learned and where they need to study more. Thus, formative assessment can act as a tool for learning, contributing to the process and outcomes of learning. A closer look at students’ experiences of each form of assessment reveals interesting differences.
123 citations
Cites background from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...Interaction between participants can also stimulate further thoughts and comments (Patton 2002 )....
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...Interaction between participants can also stimulate further thoughts and comments (Patton 2002)....
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TL;DR: In the international policy debate, environmental education and education for sustainable development seem to be moving away from a focus on behavioural modifications to more pluralistic approaches as mentioned in this paper, which is a departure from the traditional focus on behavioral modifications.
Abstract: In the international policy debate, environmental education and education for sustainable development seem to be moving away from a focus on behavioural modifications to more pluralistic approaches ...
123 citations
Cites methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...The identified categories were accordingly judged by two criteria: internal homogeneity and external heterogeneity (Patton 2002)....
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TL;DR: This study shows that empirical examples of policy windows and policy entrepreneurs could be identified in child health promoting measures in Swedish municipalities.
Abstract: In John Kingdon's Policy Streams Approach policy formation is described as the result of the flow of three 'streams', the problem stream, the policy stream and the politics stream. When these streams couple, a policy window opens which facilitate policy change. Actors who promote specific solutions are labelled policy entrepreneurs. The aim of this study was to test the applicability of the Policy Streams Approach by verifying whether the theoretical concepts 'policy windows' and 'policy entrepreneurs' could be discernable in nine specified cases. Content analyses of interviews and documents related to child health promoting measures in three Swedish municipalities were performed and nine case studies were written. The policy processes preceding the municipal measures and described in the case studies were scrutinized in order to find statements related to the concepts policy windows and policy entrepreneurs. All conditions required to open a policy window were reported to be present in eight of the nine case studies, as was the most important resource of a policy entrepreneur, sheer persistence. This study shows that empirical examples of policy windows and policy entrepreneurs could be identified in child health promoting measures in Swedish municipalities. If policy makers could learn to predict the opening of policy windows, the planning of public health measures might be more straightforward. This also applies to policy makers' ability to detect actors possessing policy entrepreneur resources.
122 citations
Cites background or methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."
...In this cross-sectional study, a data set comprising interviews and written documentation were examined using content analysis (Kvale, 1997) (Patton, 2002; Graneheim and Lundman, 2004)....
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...1Division of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences and 2Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Swedish National Institute of Public Health, Östersund, Sweden and 4Sophiahemmet University College, Stockholm, Sweden…...
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...1Division of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences and 2Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Swedish National Institute of Public Health, Östersund, Sweden and 4Sophiahemmet University College, Stockholm, Sweden *Corresponding author....
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...The degree of trustworthiness, the validity measure in qualitative research (Patton, 2002; Graneheim and Lundman, 2004), is thus assessed as adequate....
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