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Qualitative research & evaluation methods

01 Jan 2002-Iss: 1
TL;DR: In this paper, conceptual issues and themes on qualitative research and evaluaton methods including: qualitative data, triangulated inquiry, qualitative inquiry, constructivism, constructionism, complexity (chaos) theory, qualitative designs and data collection, fieldwork strategies, interviewing, tape-recording, ethical issues, analysis, interpretation and reporting, observations vs. perceived impacts and utilisation-focused evaluation reporting.
Abstract: This book explains clearly conceptual issues and themes on qualitative research and evaluaton methods including: qualitative data, triangulated inquiry, qualitative inquiry, constructivism, constructionism, Complexity (chaos) theory, qualitative designs and data collection, fieldwork strategies, interviewing, tape-recording, ethical issues, analysis, interpretation and reporting, observations vs. perceived impacts and utilisation-focused evaluation reporting.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data reveal that IMGs face workplace challenges throughout their careers, and suggest that both workforce and workplace interventions are needed to enable IMG physicians to sustain their essential and growing role in the US healthcare system.
Abstract: Background International medical graduates (IMGs) comprise approximately 25% of the US physician workforce, with significant representation in primary care and care of vulnerable populations. Despite the central role of IMGs in the US healthcare system, understanding of their professional experiences is limited.

78 citations


Cites background or methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."

  • ...We also utilized a number of recommended strategies to insure rigor: consistent use of an interview guide; audio-taping and independent transcription; standardized coding and analysis; use of researchers with diverse racial/ethnic and professional backgrounds; an audit trail to document analytic decisions; and participant confirmation in which participants reviewed a summary of the data and endorsed the content of the themes.(16,17,22) Third, our high participation rate suggests that this is an issue IMGs are motivated to discuss in a research study, despite the potentially personal and sensitive nature of the topic....

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  • ...Probes are not standardized, and their use is highly contextual for each interview.(17) Interviews were audio-taped, professionally transcribed and reviewed to ensure accuracy....

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  • ...We chose a qualitative method because this approach is optimal for exploring cultural and social interactions and complex, potentially sensitive topics.(16,17)...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Despite increasing use of LVADs in patients with advanced heart failure, bereaved caregivers of patients with an LVAD describe a high level of confusion at the end of life.
Abstract: Importance For patients and their loved ones, decisions regarding the end of life in the setting of chronic progressive illness are among the most complex in health care. Complicating these decisions are increasingly available, invasive, and potentially life-prolonging technologies such as the left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Objective To understand the experience of bereaved caregivers and patients at the end of life who have an LVAD. Design, Setting, and Participants Semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted between September 10 and November 21, 2014, with 8 bereaved caregivers of patients with an LVAD who were recruited from a single institution. Data were analyzed from December 13, 2014, to February 18, 2015, using a mixed inductive and deductive approach. Main Outcomes and Measures Themes from semistructured interviews. Results The 8 caregivers (6 females) described 3 main themes that coalesced around feelings of confusion in the final weeks with their loved ones: (1) the process of death with an LVAD, (2) the legal and ethically permissible care of patients with an LVAD approaching death, and (3) fragmented integration of palliative and hospice care. Conclusions and Relevance Despite increasing use of LVADs in patients with advanced heart failure, bereaved caregivers of patients with an LVAD describe a high level of confusion at the end of life. There remains a need for the health care community to develop clear guidance on the management of patients with an LVAD at the end of life. Future work will focus on the educational process and the ideal timing and reiteration of such information to patients and families.

78 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted in-depth interviews with a diverse sample of 39 female-assigned-at-birth individuals who also identified as lesbian, bisexual, queer, and/or genderqueer, or transmasculine.
Abstract: Background Little research documents the self-identified reproductive health priorities and health care experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ)-identified individuals who may be in need of services. Methods We conducted in-depth interviews with a diverse sample of 39 female-assigned-at-birth individuals (ages 18–44) who also identified as lesbian, bisexual, queer, and/or genderqueer, or transmasculine. Interviews were primarily conducted in person in the Bay Area of California, and Baltimore, Maryland, with 11 conducted remotely with participants in other U.S. locations. We asked participants about their current reproductive health care needs, topics they felt researchers should pursue, and past reproductive health care experiences. Data were analyzed using a framework method, incorporating deductive and inductive thematic analysis techniques. Results Reproductive health care needs among participants varied widely and included treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome and irregular menses, gender-affirming hysterectomies, and fertility assistance. Many faced challenges getting their needs met. Themes related to these challenges cross-cutting across identity groups included primary focus on fertility, provider lack of LGBTQ health competency relevant to reproductive health priorities and treatment, and discriminatory comments and treatment. Across themes and identity groups, participants highlighted that sexual activity and reproduction were central topics in reproductive health care settings. These topics facilitated identity disclosures to providers, but also enhanced vulnerability to discrimination. Conclusions Reproductive health priorities of LGBTQ individuals include needs similar to cisgender and heterosexual groups (e.g., abortion, contraception, PCOS) as well as unique needs (e.g., gender affirming hysterectomies, inclusive safer sex guidance) and challenges in pursuing care. Future reproductive health research should pursue health care concerns prioritized by LGBTQ populations.

78 citations


Cites methods from "Qualitative research & evaluation m..."

  • ...After evaluating feasibility based on initial participation interest, we undertook a maximum variation sampling strategy, a type of purposeful sampling (Patton, 2002), to ensure diversity in age, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and gender identity....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors performed an exploratory investigation analyzing a set of manufacturing enterprises participating in the Dutch voluntary agreements and found that enterprises agree not only on the most important barriers and drivers, but also on the mechanisms underlying them.

78 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of Social Movements Theory and applies thematic analysis to characterize 46 prosumer initiatives in Europe, showing that prosumers' collective participation in energy projects with social, economic and environmental benefits to society converges towards a transformative social movement.
Abstract: Active energy citizens are leading energy transitions, co-producing new cultures, practices and structures of production and consumption. This article aims to understand if prosumerism – the collective participation of prosumers in energy projects with social, economic and environmental benefits to society – can be referred to as a social movement. The article draws on a review of Social Movements Theory and applies thematic analysis to characterize 46 prosumer initiatives in Europe. The collective identities, socio-political opponents, knowledge-making activities, collective learning, and collective action aspects of these prosumers are described. The results show that prosumer initiatives converge towards a transformative social movement. This movement upholds decentralized renewable energy production and consumption, and presents itself as a socially inclusive, transparent and participatory energy model, replicable across the globe, in what can be described as a collective action towards a decentralized democratic energy model. The discussion highlights relationships between prosumerism and framings such as energy justice (including energy poverty and gender issues), energy democracy, climate change action and anti-nuclear movements, to reach a conclusion considering the relevance of calling prosumerism a social movement, while opening up some avenues for future research.

78 citations