Quantitative characterization of micro-topography a bibliography of industrial surface metrology
01 Jan 1998-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a 3.3-approximation algorithm for the 3.1-GHz bandit-16.3 GHz frequency bandit model, and
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01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: In this article, the authors exploit speckle wavelength decorrelation techniques for the characterization of surface roughness up to a few microns, using an argon laser, a grating, two photodetectors, and a commercial cross correlator.
Abstract: Abstract We exploit speckle wavelength decorrelation techniques for the characterization of surface roughness up to a few microns. The experimental setup includes an argon laser, a grating, two photodetectors, and a commercial cross correlator. Experimental results are compared with data obtained with a stylus instrument. Fair agreement is observed.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce industrial surface metrology, examines the field in the context of terrain modeling a.k.a. surface topography of manufactured components, exemplified by automobile-engine cylinders, is routinely modeled by variogram analysis, relief shading, and most other techniques of parameterization and visualization familiar to geography.
Abstract: Digital terrain modeling has a micro- and nanoscale counterpart in surface metrology, the numerical characterization of industrial surfaces. Instrumentation in semiconductor manufacturing and other high-technology fields can now contour surface irregularities down to the atomic scale. Surface metrology has been revolutionized by its ability to manipulate square-grid height matrices that are analogous to the digital elevation models (DEMs) used in physical geography. Because the shaping of industrial surfaces is a spatial process, the same concepts of analytical cartography that represent ground-surface form in geography evolved independently in metrology. The surface topography of manufactured components, exemplified here by automobile-engine cylinders, is routinely modeled by variogram analysis, relief shading, and most other techniques of parameterization and visualization familiar to geography. This article introduces industrial surface-metrology, examines the field in the context of terrain modeling a...
13 citations
Cites background from "Quantitative characterization of mi..."
...Improving access to published information (Pike 1998; Pike and Thomas 1998) is one step toward this goal....
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...The two fields are most alike in their assessment of surface roughness per se, the very point of metrology but only a minor activity in geography, geomorphology, and military engineering before advent of the digital computer (Pike and Thomas 1998)....
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...The literature on surface metrology is vast (Pike and Thomas 1998), and only a representative sample is cited here....
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...The 4800 entries in Pike and Thomas (1998), the largest bibliography on surface roughness in the open literature, reveal that geography—with particular reference to terrain modeling (Pike 1998)—is not the only field in which surface-form representation is of central importance....
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TL;DR: The numerical analysis of 17 standardized amplitude roughness parameters collected from 90000 computer-generated rough surfaces revealed so far undetected interdependencies among some of these parameters, namely the results show a strong linear relation between 12 amplituderoughness parameters.
Abstract: According to international standards, the topography and the quality of machined surfaces can be characterized simultaneously by more than 70 roughness parameters. Despite the increased accuracy of topography measurements by modern instruments, the gained information about the 3D surface is still not well understood. The fact that machined surfaces are in general of Gaussian height distribution motivated the authors to study the interdependence of the standardized amplitude roughness parameters of computer-generated random rough (Gaussian) surfaces. In this contribution, these rough surfaces are created by solving numerically a Langevin-type stochastic differential equation for a defined random process, namely a Gaussian one. This numerical scheme provides rough surfaces of pre-defined statistical features, e.g., given standard deviation and correlation length. The numerical analysis of 17 standardized amplitude roughness parameters collected from 90000 computer-generated rough surfaces revealed so far undetected interdependencies among some of these parameters, namely the results show a strong linear relation between 12 amplitude roughness parameters.
13 citations
TL;DR: This paper introduces terrain modelling and compares it with metrology, noting their differences and similarities and one of the many issues common to both disciplines.
Abstract: Quantitative characterisation of surface form, increasingly from digital 3-D height data, is cross-disciplinary and can be applied at any scale. Thus, separation of industrial-surface metrology from its Earth-science counterpart, (digital) terrain modelling, is artificial. Their growing convergence presents an opportunity to develop in surface morphometry a unified approach to surface representation. This paper introduces terrain modelling and compares it with metrology, noting their differences and similarities. Examples of potential redundancy among parameters illustrate one of the many issues common to both disciplines.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce terrain modelling, discuss its similarities to and differences from industrial surface metrology, and raise the possibility of a unified discipline of quantitative surface characterisation, and exemplify a multivariate statistical procedure that may transfer to tribological applications of 3-D metrological height data.
12 citations
References
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TL;DR: Two different procedures for effecting a frequency analysis of a time-dependent signal locally in time are studied and the notion of time-frequency localization is made precise, within this framework, by two localization theorems.
Abstract: Two different procedures for effecting a frequency analysis of a time-dependent signal locally in time are studied. The first procedure is the short-time or windowed Fourier transform; the second is the wavelet transform, in which high-frequency components are studied with sharper time resolution than low-frequency components. The similarities and the differences between these two methods are discussed. For both schemes a detailed study is made of the reconstruction method and its stability as a function of the chosen time-frequency density. Finally, the notion of time-frequency localization is made precise, within this framework, by two localization theorems. >
6,180 citations
"Quantitative characterization of mi..." refers methods in this paper
...applied mathematicians as Matheron (1965), Mandelbrot (1967,1975), and Daubechies (1990). Arguably, methods of 3-D analysis in surface...
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Book•
01 Jan 1954
TL;DR: Tabor and Bowden as mentioned in this paper reviewed the many advances made in this field during the past 36 years and outlined the achievements of Frank Philip Bowden, and reviewed the behavior of non-metals, especially elastomers; elastohydrodynamic lubrication; and the wear of sliding surfaces.
Abstract: Originally published in 1950, this classic book was a landmark in the development of the subject of tribology. For this edition, David Tabor has written a new preface, reviewing the many advances made in this field during the past 36 years and outlining the achievements of Frank Philip Bowden. The book covers the behavior of non-metals, especially elastomers; elastohydrodynamic lubrication; and the wear of sliding surfaces, which has gradually replaced the earlier concentration on the mechanism of friction. It remains one of the most interesting and comprehensive works available on a single branch of physics.
5,834 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the deduced dependence of the experimental observables on the load with the experimental evidence and concluded that the most realistic model is one in which increasing the load increases both the number and size of the contact areas.
Abstract: The interpretation of certain phenomena occuring at nominally flat surfaces in stationary or sliding contact is dependent on the assumed distribution of the real area of contact between the surfaces. Since there is little direct evidence on which to base an estimate of this distribution, the approach used is to set up a simple model and compare the deduced theory (e.g., the deduced dependence of the experimental observables on the load) with the experimental evidence. The main conclusions are as follows. (a) The electrical contact resistance depends on the model used to represent the surfaces; the most realistic model is one in which increasing the load increases both the number and size of the contact areas. (b) In general, mechanical wear should also depend on the model. However, in wear experiments showing the simplest behavior, the wear rate is proportional to the load, and these results can be explained by assuming removal of lumps at contact areas formed by plastic deformation; moreover, this particular deduction is independent of the assumed model. This suggests that a basic assumption of previous theories, that increasing the load increases the number of contacts without affecting their average size, is redundant.
5,771 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1963
TL;DR: The scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces PDF is available at the online library of the University of Southern California as mentioned in this paper, where a complete collection of electromagnetic wave from rough surface books can be found.
Abstract: THE SCATTERING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES FROM ROUGH SURFACES PDF Are you looking for the scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces Books? Now, you will be happy that at this time the scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces PDF is available at our online library. With our complete resources, you could find the scattering of electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces PDF or just found any kind of Books for your readings everyday.
3,568 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: Geographical curves are so involved in their detail that their lengths are often infinite or, rather, undefinable; however, many are statistically "selfsimilar," meaning that each portion can be considered a reduced-scale image of the whole.
Abstract: Geographical curves are so involved in their detail that their lengths are often infinite or, rather, undefinable. However, many are statistically "selfsimilar," meaning that each portion can be considered a reduced-scale image of the whole. In that case, the degree of complication can be described by a quantity D that has many properties of a "dimension," though it is fractional; that is, it exceeds the value unity associated with the ordinary, rectifiable, curves.
3,222 citations