Question words in the interrogative construction in javanese: in x-bar theory
12 Jun 2020-Vol. 4, Iss: 1, pp 145-152
TL;DR: This article examined the syntactic behavior of question words (tembung pitakon) in the interrogative construction in Javanese and found that question words can be constructed by specifier, complements, and adverbials.
Abstract: This study examines the syntactic behavior of question words (tembung pitakon) in the interrogative construction in Javanese. This study aimed to analyze the question words of all interrogative types in the language. Therefore, the research data cover question words known as tembung pitakon in Javanese which are derived from the relevant literature. The theoretical framework used in this study is the X-bar theory proposed by Haegeman (1992). The data analysis techniques used in this research were distributed methods which use the language element determination tool itself. The results show that the Javanese partial sentence has a grammatical and complementary grammatical function, while the total question sentence has a complement function. Javanese question words can be constructed by specifier, complements, and adverbials. The Javanese question sentence formed by specifier functions as an internal structure occupied by the NP and joined by I’ to form an IP. Furthermore, the question words formed by complement functions as an internal structure occupied by PP or NP and joined by V to form the first V'. Finally, the question words formed by adverbial functions as an internal structure that can be occupied by PP or NP to join the first V' then form the second V'
Citations
More filters
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: This book discusses the development of English as a global language in the 20th Century and some of the aspects of its development that have changed since the publication of the first edition.
Abstract: A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 521 82347 1 hardback ISBN 0 521 53032 6 paperback Contents List of tables page vii Preface to the second edition ix Preface to the first edition xii 1 Why a global language? 1 What is a global language? 3 What makes a global language? 7 Why do we need a global language? 11 What are the dangers of a global language? 14 Could anything stop a global language? 25 A critical era 27 2 Why English? The historical context 29 Origins 30 America 31 Canada 36 The Caribbean 39 Australia and New Zealand 40 South Africa 43 South Asia 46 Former colonial Africa 49 Southeast Asia and the South Pacific 54 A world view 59 v Contents
1,857 citations
DOI•
13 Mar 2009
TL;DR: In this article, a metode penelitian dengan metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik ganti, TEknik balik, and TEKNIK acuan (referensi).
Abstract: Penelitian ini mengkaji perilaku sintaktis dan semantis kata tanya yang
terdapat pada setiap tipe interogatif. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini
adalah teori campuran (eklektik) yang bersumber dari para pakar linguistik asing
dan pakar linguistik Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian
ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik ganti, teknik balik, dan
teknik acuan (referensi). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan simpulan sebagai
berikut. Kata tanya sebagai alat pembentuk kalimat interogatif dapat menandai
perbedaan tipe konstruksi interogatif. Dalam tipe interogatif terbuka, kata tanya
dapat menjadi konstituen kata dan konstituen frasa. Kata tanya dapat bergabung
dengan kategori sintaktis berupa kata, frasa, dan klausa. Kata tanya dapat mengisi
salah satu fungsi sintaksis. Dalam tipe interogatif tertutup, kata tanya cenderung
menjadi konstituen kata. Kata tanya cenderung bergabung dengan kategori
sintaktis berupa klausa. Kata tanya dalam konstruksi interogatif tertutup tidak
mengisi fungsi sintaksis. Dalam tipe interogatif retorik, kata tanya ada yang
menjadi konstituen kata dan ada yang menjadi konstituen frasa yang masingmasing
dapat bergabung dengan kategori sintaktis berupa kata, frasa, dan klausa.
Kata tanya sebagai konstituen kata dan sebagai konstituen frasa selalu menjadi
bagian dari kalimat dan hubungannya sangat erat dengan konstituen lainnya.
Kata kunci: Kata tanya, interogatif terbuka, interogatif tertutup, intergatif retorik.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a qualitative study discussing the structures of interrogative sentences in the Tamiang dialect of Malay has been conducted, using the x-bar theory as a study of generative syntax, and the results indicate that yes-no questions require a "yes" or "no" answer, while wh-questions require explanation or information.
Abstract: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang membahas struktur kalimat tanya dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang Penelitian struktur kalimat tanya ini menggunakan teori x-bar sebagai kajian sintaksis generatif Data penelitian ini berupa kalimat tanya mae ‘ apa’ , hapo ‘siapa’ , kalo ‘ kapan’ , kek mano ‘ dimana’ , keno mae ‘ kenapa ’, dan gano ‘ bagaimana’ Data ini diperoleh dari hasil wawancara penutur asli bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang dan data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode agih Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis kalimat tanya total dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang memerlukan jawaban “ya” atau “tidak”, sedangkan jenis kalimat tanya parsial dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang memerlukan jawaban penjelasan atau keterangan Kata kunci: struktur kalimat, teori x-bar, bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN THE TAMIANG DIALECT OF MALAY Abstract This is a qualitative study discussing the structures of interrogative sentences in the Tamiang dialect of Malay The study on the structures of interrogative sentences uses the x-bar theory as a study of generative syntax The data were in the form of sentences asking mae ‘what’, hapo ‘who’, kalo ‘when’, kek mano ‘where’, keno mae ‘why’, and gano ‘how’ The data were collected through interviews with native speakers of the Tamiang dialect of Malaythe data were analyzed using the distributionalmethod The results indicate that yes-no questions require a “yes” or “no” answer, while wh-questions require explanation or information Keywords: sentence structures, x-bar theory, dialect Tamiang of Malay
4 citations
DOI•
30 Apr 2021TL;DR: Kalimat interogatif bertujuan untuk mengharapkan adanya jawaban secara verbal as discussed by the authors, namun struktur sintaksisnya berbeda dengan bahasa lain.
Abstract: Kalimat interogatif bertujuan untuk mengharapkan adanya jawaban secara verbal. Penerapan interogatif dalam bahasa Jawa (BJ) bersifat umum, namun struktur sintaksisnya berbeda dengan bahasa lain. Konsep yang ditekankan dalam BJ adalah perubahan peran dan adanya komplemen dalam bentuk strukturalnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menyusun struktur kalimat tanya dengan teori X-Bar. Data yang digunakan berupa tuturan interogatif tokoh dalam film pendek berjudul “Tilik” karya Wahyu Agung Prasetyo. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi dan catat. Data diidentifikasi dan diklasifikasikan ke dalam jenis kalimat interogatif dan dianalisis dengan menerapkan teori X-Bar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) pertanyaan ya-tidak dan pertanyaan penyugguhan memiliki karakter total dengan pola FI absolut. Hal ini disebabkan karena jenis pertanyaan ya-tidak dan pertanyaan aktual memiliki kesamaan yaitu meminta pembenaran dari mitra tutur. (2) Jenis interogatif meminta jawaban suatu unsur, menanyakan alasan, dan meminta pendapat tersebar sebagian dengan pola pendistribusian pada FPm dan FI. Secara mutlak interogatif meminta pendapat berada pada pola FPm dengan ciri FPm Spesifier FP berada di awal kalimat. Ketiga jenis pertanyaan tersebut memiliki karakter parsial disebabkan karena penutur hanya menekankan pada bagian yang penting namun dapat mewakili keseluruhan pertanyaan. Berdasarkan hasil temuan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan interogatif dalam film “Tilik” terdiri dari bentuk parsial dan total yang terdistribusikan dengan pola X-Bar FPm+Spes+I+Komp dan I+Spes+Komp.
References
More filters
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: Buku ini mengungkapkan para pembaca dapat dengan mudah untuk memahami ketiga metode tersebut, sehingga Dapat memilih metode penelitian mana yang paling cocok digunakan untuk penelinitian as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Buku ini mengungkapkan para pembaca dapat dengan mudah untuk memahami ketiga metode tersebut, sehingga dapat memilih metode penelitian mana yang paling cocok digunakan untuk penelitian.
11,721 citations
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: This book discusses the development of English as a global language in the 20th Century and some of the aspects of its development that have changed since the publication of the first edition.
Abstract: A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 521 82347 1 hardback ISBN 0 521 53032 6 paperback Contents List of tables page vii Preface to the second edition ix Preface to the first edition xii 1 Why a global language? 1 What is a global language? 3 What makes a global language? 7 Why do we need a global language? 11 What are the dangers of a global language? 14 Could anything stop a global language? 25 A critical era 27 2 Why English? The historical context 29 Origins 30 America 31 Canada 36 The Caribbean 39 Australia and New Zealand 40 South Africa 43 South Asia 46 Former colonial Africa 49 Southeast Asia and the South Pacific 54 A world view 59 v Contents
1,857 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1993
564 citations
21 Mar 2012
TL;DR: The result of the analysis shows that PP is composed of a complement, a modifier, and a specifier (Spec), and the internal structure of prepositional phrase (PP) in Indonesian is described.
Abstract: As an aglutinating language, Indonesian is rich of morphological markers, such as afixes and prepositions. However, from the X-bar perspective, the syntactic behaviour of these markers in forming prepositional phrases has not been clearly depicted. This paper aims to describe the internal structure of preposi ti onal phrase (PP) in Indonesian. This study used written data taken from various sources. The result of the analysis shows that PP is composed of a complement (Comp), a modifier (Mod), and a specifier (Spec). The rules of forming PP cover : (1) PP = P’, Spec; P’ = P’, Comp, (2) PP = P’, Spec; P’ = P’, Mod.; P’ = P, Comp, (3) FP = P’, Spec; FP = P’, Spec; P’ = P, Mod.; Y= P, Comp. Key words: prepositional phrases, phrase structure, X‑bar theory http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/kajiansastra/editor/submission/2671
8 citations
"Question words in the interrogative..." refers background in this paper
...Another research on X-bar theory was conducted by Mulyadi (2010) about Indonesian prepositional phrases....
[...]
27 Sep 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the grammatical function of the question words and the internal structure of interrogative sentence in Minangkabau language were analyzed using X-bar theory as one of the generative syntax subtheories.
Abstract: This study discusses the grammatical function of the question words and the internal structure of interrogative sentence in Minangkabau language. The study of this interrogative sentence structure applies X-bar theory as one of the generative syntax subtheories. The data is gained from the interview of Minangkabau language native speaker and analysed by using the distributional method. The result of the analysis shows that the question words for wh-question has two grammatical functions, specifier and complement. For yes-no question, the question word “iyonyo” has one grammatical function, that is complement. The internal structure of interrogative sentence in Minangkabau language is constructed by specifier, complement, and adverb.
Key words: interrogative sentence, question word, Minangkabau language
6 citations
"Question words in the interrogative..." refers background in this paper
...Fitriyani (2018) conducted a study on question sentences in Minangkabau language....
[...]