R&D areas for next-generation desalination and water purification technologies
26 Jun 2008-International Journal of Nuclear Desalination (Inderscience Publishers)-Vol. 3, Iss: 1, pp 33-55
TL;DR: In this paper, high priority research areas in all the above technological areas are discussed to help make decisions about the research direction that will address our nation's future water supply challenges, which will offer a promise of'step reduction' in the cost of producing water.
Abstract: By 2020, desalination and water purification technologies are expected to contribute significantly to ensure a safe, sustainable, affordable and adequate water supply in India. The cost of producing water from the current-generation desalination technologies has declined over time at a rate of only approximately 4% per year. Hence the need to accelerate our Research and Development (R&D) activities with a near and long-term objectives for evolution of current generation desalination technology along with the creation of revolutionary next-generation advanced desalination and water purification technologies that will offer a promise of 'step reduction' in the cost of producing water. There are five broad technological areas (thermal technologies, membrane technologies, alternative technologies, concentrate management technologies, reuse and recycle technologies) that encompass the spectrum of desalination technology. In this paper, high-priority research areas in all the above technological areas are discussed to help make decisions about the research direction that will address our nation's future water supply challenges.
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the performance of an industrial-type capacitated deionization technology (CDT) module for brackish water desalination and concluded from test results and an associated cost evaluation that CDT could be an alternative desaline technology in the near future.
449 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the salinity-gradient solar pond technology with multiple process desalination and brine concentration has been studied since 1987 at the El Paso Solar Pond Project, El Paso, Texas.
156 citations
TL;DR: In addition, magnetic treatment devices that are physically designed to create additional turbulence by constricting or otherwise altering fluid flow may further enhance the anti-scaling effect by purely mechanical means as mentioned in this paper.
107 citations
84 citations