R1: a rule-based configurer of computer systems
TL;DR: R1 is a program that configures VAX-11/780 computer systems and uses Match as its principal problem solving method; it has sufficient knowledge of the configuration domain and of the peculiarities of the various configuration constraints that at each step in the configuration process, it simply recognizes what to do.
About: This article is published in Artificial Intelligence.The article was published on 1982-09-01. It has received 1001 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Configuration Management (ITSM) & Knowledge-based configuration.
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Patent•
07 Oct 2011TL;DR: A computer-implemented method or system that is capable of configuring a product can be found in this article, where the authors define a user selection of at least one feature or component of the product.
Abstract: A computer-implemented method or system that is capable of configuring a product. The computer-implemented method or system receiving a product configuration matrix from a computer storage medium. The computer-implemented method or system also receiving user input defining a user selection of at least one feature or component of the product. The computer-implemented method or system generating a binary representation of the user selection. The computer-implemented method or system deriving a resolution matrix. The method or system comparing the resolution matrix and the binary representation of the user selection to determine whether one or more of the selected product features or components in the user selection are valid for the product. The computer-implemented method or system also generating a validation result that identifies one or more valid product features or components within the user selection.
3 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: This paper proposes the heuristic RKF (Relevant Knowledge First) for making decisions in configuration processes based on the so-called relevance of objects in a knowledge base, which has two components, one based on reinforcement learning and the other based on forgetting.
Abstract: In order to solve complex configuration tasks in technical domains, various knowledge based methods have been developed. However their applicability is often unsuccessful due to their low efficiency. One of the reasons for this is that (parts of the) problems have to be solved again and again, instead of being "learnt" from preceding processes. However, learning processes bring with them the problem of conservatism, for in technical domains innovation is a deciding factor in competition. On the other hand a certain amount of conservatism is often desired since uncontrolled innovation as a rule is also detrimental. This paper proposes the heuristic RKF (Relevant Knowledge First) for making decisions in configuration processes based on the so-called relevance of objects in a knowledge base. The underlying relevance-function has two components, one based on reinforcement learning and the other based on forgetting (fading). Relevance of an object increases with its successful use and decreases with age when it is not used. RKF has been developed to speed up the configuration process and to improve the quality of the solutions relative to the reward value that is given by users.
3 citations
Cites background from "R1: a rule-based configurer of comp..."
...…usually structured in one of the following ways (see [Günter et al. 1999a]): Object or frame-based approach (e.g. in KONWERK [Günter 1995], SCE [Haag 1998]), resource oriented approach (e.g. in COSMOS [Heinrich et al. 1996]), rule oriented approach (e.g. in XCON [McDermott 1982]) and mixed forms....
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...…of Fogetting in Learning” in Proceedings of The Fifth International Conference on Machine Learning, Ann Arbor, MI, Morgan Kaufmann, 1988, pp. 459-465 [McDermott 1982] J. McDermott: R1: “A Rule-based Configurer of Computer Systems” in Artificial Intelligence 19(1), 1982, pp. 39-88 [Mittal et al.…...
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...Several definitions of configuration have been proposed (e.g. [McDermott 1982], [Mittal 1989] )....
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TL;DR: Knowledge-based systems have been applied to a variety of knowledge-related tasks with varying degrees of success as discussed by the authors, and differentiating among classes of knowledge related tasks, based on the amounts of problem-solving knowledge and case-specific data involved, can provide valuable insight into why this occurs.
Abstract: Knowledge-based System (KBS) technologies have been applied to a variety of knowledge-related tasks with varying degrees of success. Differentiating among classes of knowledge-related tasks, based on the amounts of problem-solving knowledge and case-specific data involved, can provide valuable insight into why this occurs. Based on this comparison, four classes of problems are described. One class, of data-intensive tasks, includes problem types that are difficult or impossible for humans to perform, yet may be solved in a cost-effective manner using currently accessible KBS technology. The characteristic features of problems in this class are given, together with an example of a successfully fielded knowledge-based system that solves a problem from this class.
3 citations
04 Jun 2001
TL;DR: The main characteristics of the rule based legacy product documentation expert system currently employed by one of the major car and truck manufacturers in the world are described.
Abstract: This paper discusses applications of AI methods in the context of electronic product data management in the automotive industry. It describes the main characteristics of the rule based legacy product documentation expert system currently employed by one of the major car and truck manufacturers in the world. As a basis for investigations of refinements and alternatives of the current documentation method, the product data centered business processes are analyzed.
3 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: CommonKADS as discussed by the authors is an analytical framework originally intended for information systems architecture, which can be used to support knowledge management, knowledge engineering and the closely related discipline of ontology engineering, and can provide a guide to good selection of knowledge management techniques.
Abstract: It seems almost self-evident that “knowledge management” and “knowledge engineering” should be related disciplines that may share techniques and methods between them. However, attempts by knowledge engineers to apply their techniques to knowledge management have been praised by some and derided by others, who claim that knowledge engineers have a fundamentally wrong concept of what “knowledge management” is. The critics also point to specific weaknesses of knowledge engineering, notably the lack of a broad context for the knowledge. Knowledge engineering has suffered some criticism from within its own ranks, too, particularly of the “rapid prototyping” approach, in which acquired knowledge was encoded directly into an iteratively developed computer system. This approach was indeed rapid, but when used to deliver a final system, it became nearly impossible to verify and validate the system or to maintain it. A solution to this has come in the form of knowledge engineering methodology, and particularly in the CommonKADS methodology, which proposes developing a number of models of the knowledge from different viewpoints at different levels of detail. CommonKADS also offers a library of generic models for the “inference structures” – the steps by which certain types of knowledge-based task are tackled. CommonKADS is now the most widely used non-proprietary knowledge engineering methodology. The purpose of this thesis is to show how an analytical framework originally intended for information systems architecture can be used to support knowledge management, knowledge engineering and the closely related discipline of ontology engineering. The framework suggests analysing information or knowledge from six perspectives (Who, What, How, When, Where and Why) at up to six levels of detail (ranging from “scoping” the problem to an implemented solution). The application of this framework to each of CommonKADS’ models is discussed, in the context of several practical applications of the CommonKADS methodology. Strengths and weaknesses in the models that are highlighted by the practical applications are analysed using the framework, with the overall goal of showing where CommonKADS is currently useful and where it could be usefully extended. The same framework is also applied to knowledge management; it is established that “knowledge management” is in fact a wide collection of different approaches and techniques, and the framework can support and extend every approach to some extent, as well as the decision which approach is best for a particular case. Specific applications of using the framework to model medical knowledge and to resolve common problems in ontology development are presented. The thesis also includes research on mapping knowledge acquisition techniques to CommonKADS’ models (and to the framework); proposing some extensions to CommonKADS’ library of generic inference structures; and it concludes with a suggestion for a “pragmatic” KADS for use on small projects. The aim is to show that this framework both characterises the knowledge required for both knowledge management and knowledge engineering, and can provide a guide to good selection of knowledge management techniques. If the chosen technique should involve knowledge engineering, the wealth of practical advice on CommonKADS in this thesis should also be beneficial.
3 citations
References
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TL;DR: The Rete Match Algorithm is an efficient method for comparing a large collection of patterns to a largeCollection of objects that finds all the objects that match each pattern.
2,562 citations
TL;DR: The MYCIN system has begun to exhibit a high level of performance as a consultant on the difficult task of selecting antibiotic therapy for bacteremia and issues of representation and design for the system are discussed.
619 citations
Proceedings Article•
22 Aug 1977TL;DR: Some of the issues that bear on the design of production system languages are explored and the adequacy of OPS is tried to show for its intended purpose.
Abstract: It has been claimed that production systems have several advantages over other representational schemes. These include the potential for general self-augmentation (i.e., learning of new behavior) and the ability to function in complex environments. The production system language, OPS, was implemented to test these claims. In this paper we explore some of the issues that bear on the design of production system languages and try to show the adequacy of OPS for its intended purpose.
173 citations
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the role of conflict resolution in providing support for production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands.
Abstract: Production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands require support from their interpreters that is qualitatively different from the support required by systems that can be carefully hand crafted to function in constrained environments. In this chapter we explore the role of conflict resolution in providing such support Using criteria developed here, we evaluate both individual conflict resolution rules and strategies that make use of several rules.
102 citations
TL;DR: The role of conflict resolution in providing support for production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands is explored.
Abstract: Production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands require support from their interpreters that is qualitatively different from the support required by systems that can be carefully hand crafted to function in constrained environments. In this paper we explore the role of conflict resolution in providing such support. Using criteria developed in the paper, we evaluate both individual conflict resolution rules and strategies that make use of several rules.
102 citations