R1: a rule-based configurer of computer systems
TL;DR: R1 is a program that configures VAX-11/780 computer systems and uses Match as its principal problem solving method; it has sufficient knowledge of the configuration domain and of the peculiarities of the various configuration constraints that at each step in the configuration process, it simply recognizes what to do.
About: This article is published in Artificial Intelligence.The article was published on 1982-09-01. It has received 1001 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Configuration Management (ITSM) & Knowledge-based configuration.
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Patent•
IBM1
TL;DR: In this article, a method for selective duplication of subtasks in a high-performance computing system is proposed, where one or more subtasks of a parallel task execute on the same or more nodes.
Abstract: A method for selective duplication of subtasks in a high-performance computing system includes: monitoring a health status of one or more nodes in a high-performance computing system, where one or more subtasks of a parallel task execute on the one or more nodes; identifying one or more nodes as having a likelihood of failure which exceeds a first prescribed threshold; selectively duplicating the one or more subtasks that execute on the one or more nodes having a likelihood of failure which exceeds the first prescribed threshold; and notifying a messaging library that one or more subtasks were duplicated.
12Â citations
02 Dec 1990
TL;DR: The paper proposes a scheme, dependency propagation algorithm (DPA), to analyze the parallelism of production systems, which have certain conflict resolution strategies, and finds out which rules can be executed in parallel without changing the semantics of OPS5-like production systems.
Abstract: The paper proposes a scheme, dependency propagation algorithm (DPA), to analyze the parallelism of production systems, which have certain conflict resolution strategies. The scheme, based on a marked high-level Petri net, is to find out which rules can be executed in parallel without changing the semantics of OPS5-like production systems. This DPA uses explicit dependency, implicit dependency with degree 1 and dependency propagation to construct dependency matrix and parallel executable matrix. The high probability partitioning algorithm considering both load balance and maximal parallel execution uses a parallel executable matrix to map production rules into a multiprocessing system. The parallel execution model exploits not only parallel matching but also parallel firing. The initial results reveal that the performance of production systems is greatly improved. >
12Â citations
04 Nov 2005
TL;DR: Ever increasing volumes of data in electronic format are being produced and stored, due mainly to the relatively inexpensive cost of storage and emerging techniques for extracting useful information from such data.
Abstract: Ever increasing volumes of data in electronic format are being produced and stored, due mainly to the relatively inexpensive cost of storage and emerging techniques for extracting useful information from such data. A large corpus of data, in itself does not offer a lot of value but if it were categorised into relevant, prescribed categories, this data could become quite useful. Text classification is the name given to automated techniques for grouping textual information into categories. The task of categorisation lends itself fully to automation. Large corpora of data require administration and a technique to effectively manage the data, since the rate at which data is produced is far in greater that the rate at which it can be manually processed. Manual categorisation of data is feasible only in the small scale. Even a small organisation can now produce large amounts of data. Modern machine learning techniques (supervised learning) allow for a classifier to be produced using only labelled examples from concept that is required to be learned. Previously, considerable human effort was required to manually construct and maintain hand-crafted rules which formed the classifier. Modern machine learning techniques has allowed for off the shelf learners which given enough training data can construct an accurate classifier. Large quantities of training data are required for an accurate classifiers to be produced. However, obtaining labelled training examples can often be an expensive task in itself. Typically, examples need to be manually labelled which is a laborious, time consuming and repetitive task. Most humans do not relish the idea of labelling thousands of examples. In many domains labelled training data is either scarce or expensive to produce. Unlabelled data, on the other hand, is plentiful and inexpensive to collect. The learner should make use of this unlabelled data to help it produce an accurate classifier without the need for large amounts of labelled training data. Active learning and Co-Training are methods which require very little labelled training data and exploit unlabelled data in order to increase accuracy
12Â citations
25 May 1988
TL;DR: The author outlines a taxonomy of methods that identifies some of the discriminating characteristics of the kinds of methods expert systems use and that suggests how methods can be mapped onto tasks.
Abstract: The author outlines a taxonomy of methods that identifies some of the discriminating characteristics of the kinds of methods expert systems use and that suggests how methods can be mapped onto tasks. It is suggested that half-weak methods are an important class of methods because they can have a quite broad scope of applicability, but provide substantially more help than the weak methods do in specifying what task-implementation knowledge needs to be collected to perform a particular task and how that knowledge is appropriately represented. It is claimed that it should be possible to devise a set of inference engines (half-weak methods), each of which defines the roles that the task-implementation knowledge it requires must play and the form in which that knowledge is to be encoded. Two half-weak methods, MOLE and SALT, are considered in support of these points. >
12Â citations
TL;DR: Daphne is described, to the best of the knowledge, the first virtual assistant for designing Earth observation distributed spacecraft missions and its question answering system and the main features implemented to help system engineers design distribution spacecraft missions.
Abstract: This article describes Daphne, a virtual assistant for designing Earth observation distributed spacecraft missions. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the first virtual assistant for such application. The article provides a thorough description of Daphne, including its question answering system and the main features we have implemented to help system engineers design distributed spacecraft missions. In addition, the article describes a study performed at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to assess the usefulness of Daphne in this use case. The study was conducted with N = 9 subjects from JPL, who were asked to work on a mission design task with two versions of Daphne, one that was fully featured implementing the cognitive assistance functions, and one that only had the features one would find in a traditional design space exploration tool. After the task, they filled out a standard user experience survey, completed a test to assess how much they learned about the task, and were asked a number of questions in a semi-structured exit interview. Results of the study suggest that Daphne can help improve performance during system design tasks compared to traditional tools, while keeping the system usable. However, the study also raises some concerns with respect to a potential reduction in human learning due to the use of the cognitive assistant. The article ends with a list of suggestions for future development of virtual assistants for space mission design.
12Â citations
Cites methods from "R1: a rule-based configurer of comp..."
...An early example of a design automation tool is the R1 system [16], which was used to design the layout...
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References
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TL;DR: The Rete Match Algorithm is an efficient method for comparing a large collection of patterns to a largeCollection of objects that finds all the objects that match each pattern.
2,562Â citations
TL;DR: The MYCIN system has begun to exhibit a high level of performance as a consultant on the difficult task of selecting antibiotic therapy for bacteremia and issues of representation and design for the system are discussed.
619Â citations
Proceedings Article•
22 Aug 1977TL;DR: Some of the issues that bear on the design of production system languages are explored and the adequacy of OPS is tried to show for its intended purpose.
Abstract: It has been claimed that production systems have several advantages over other representational schemes. These include the potential for general self-augmentation (i.e., learning of new behavior) and the ability to function in complex environments. The production system language, OPS, was implemented to test these claims. In this paper we explore some of the issues that bear on the design of production system languages and try to show the adequacy of OPS for its intended purpose.
173Â citations
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the role of conflict resolution in providing support for production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands.
Abstract: Production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands require support from their interpreters that is qualitatively different from the support required by systems that can be carefully hand crafted to function in constrained environments. In this chapter we explore the role of conflict resolution in providing such support Using criteria developed here, we evaluate both individual conflict resolution rules and strategies that make use of several rules.
102Â citations
TL;DR: The role of conflict resolution in providing support for production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands is explored.
Abstract: Production systems designed to function and grow in environments that make large numbers of different, sometimes competing, and sometimes unexpected demands require support from their interpreters that is qualitatively different from the support required by systems that can be carefully hand crafted to function in constrained environments. In this paper we explore the role of conflict resolution in providing such support. Using criteria developed in the paper, we evaluate both individual conflict resolution rules and strategies that make use of several rules.
102Â citations