Racemic resolution of free sugars with macroporous polymers prepared by molecular imprinting. Selectivity dependence on the arrangement of functional groups versus spatial requirements
TL;DR: In this paper, the shape selectivity of high-crosslinked polymers is discussed in detail, and the influence of the arrangement of functional groups within the cavities versus the spatial requirements (shape selectivity) on selectivity is discussed.
Abstract: Highly crosslinked polymers are prepared by radical copolymerization of β-D-fructopyranose 2,3:4,5-bis-O-((4-vinylphenyl)boronate) and α-D-galactopyranose 1,2:3,4-bis-O-((4-vinylphenyl)boronate) with a large amount of cross-linking agent. After splitting off the respective templates these polymers were used for racemic resolution of the racemates of the templates with separation factors α as high as α=2.36 in the batch procedures. The influence of the arrangement of functional groups within the cavities versus the spatial requirements (shape selectivity) on selectivity is discussed in detail. In the examples presented here, the orientation of the functional groups inside the cavity is the dominating factor; shape selectivity is only of secondary importance
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1,292 citations
TL;DR: Solid catalysts provide numerous opportunities for recovering and recycling catalysts from reaction environments, which can lead to improved processing steps, better process economics, and environmentally friendly industrial manufacturing.
Abstract: Solid catalysts provide numerous opportunities for
recovering and recycling catalysts from reaction
environments. These features can lead to improved
processing steps, better process economics, and environmentally
friendly industrial manufacturing.
Thus, the motivating factors for creating recoverable
catalysts are large.
1,164 citations
TL;DR: In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by papers dealing with fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting and the development of novel polymer formats.
Abstract: Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years up to and including 2003
1,162 citations
TL;DR: A suspension polymerization technique suitable for molecular imprinting is described, based on the use of a liquid perfluorocarbon as the dispersing phase, which produces polymer beads, with almost quantitative yield, which can be used after only a simple washing step.
Abstract: A suspension polymerization technique suitable for molecular imprinting is described, based on the use of a liquid perfluorocarbon as the dispersing phase. This dispersant does not interfere with the interactions between functional monomers and print molecules required for the recognition process during molecular imprinting. The method produces polymer beads, with almost quantitative yield, which can be used after only a simple washing step. An acrylate polymer with perfluorocarbon and poly(oxyethylene) ester groups was used to stabilize an emulsion of functional monomer, cross-linker, print molecule, initiator, and porogenic solvent in perfluoro(methylcyclohexane). Initiation of polymerization by UV irradiation resulted in polymer beads. The average bead size could be controlled between about 50 and 5 μm by varying the amount of stabilizing polymer. SEM of the beads indicated spherical particles with morphology typical of beads made by suspension polymerization. The technique was applicable to a range of...
445 citations
TL;DR: A variety of promising applications, including affinity separation, proteomics, metabolomics, disease diagnostics and aptamer selection, are introduced with main emphasis on how boronate affinity materials can solve the issues in the applications and what merits they can provide.
Abstract: Boronate affinity materials, as unique sorbents, have emerged as important media for the selective separation and molecular recognition of cis-diol-containing compounds. With the introduction of boronic acid functionality, boronate affinity materials exhibit several significant advantages, including broad-spectrum selectivity, reversible covalent binding, pH-controlled capture/release, fast association/desorption kinetics, and good compatibility with mass spectrometry. Because cis-diol-containing biomolecules, including nucleosides, saccharides, glycans, glycoproteins and so on, are the important targets in current research frontiers such as metabolomics, glycomics and proteomics, boronate affinity materials have gained rapid development and found increasing applications in the last decade. In this review, we critically survey recent advances in boronate affinity materials. We focus on fundamental considerations as well as important progress and new boronate affinity materials reported in the last decade. We particularly discuss on the effects of the structure of boronate ligands and supporting materials on the properties of boronate affinity materials, such as binding pH, affinity, selectivity, binding capacity, tolerance for interference and so on. A variety of promising applications, including affinity separation, proteomics, metabolomics, disease diagnostics and aptamer selection, are introduced with main emphasis on how boronate affinity materials can solve the issues in the applications and what merits boronate affinity materials can provide.
400 citations