Journal ArticleDOI
Radiometric Measurement of Attenuation and Emission by the Earth's Atmosphere at Wavelengths From 4 cm to 8 mm
G.G. Haroules,W.E. Brown +1 more
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In this paper, a review of the published literature on this subject is presented in support of the methods used in the measurement, which indicate the potential of the measurement instrument to obtain the amplitude distribution function of sky noise fluctuations for various weather cases.Abstract:
Measurement instrumentation for the investigation of atmospheric noise fluctuations at 4 cm to 8 mm wavelengths is described. A brief review of the published literature on this subject is presented in support of the methods used in the measurement. Observations using the sun as a background source to obtain a measure of atmospheric opacity are described as providing an average value over an observing period frequently longer than the time during which a significant change in atmospheric opacity is detectable at these short wavelengths. Preliminary observational data are presented which indicate the potential of the measurement instrument to obtain the amplitude distribution function of sky noise fluctuations for various weather cases.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
ATS-6 Millimeter Wave Propagation and Communications Experiments at 20 and 30 GHz
TL;DR: A review of the major results of the first year of measurements with ATS-6, with emphasis on the impact of the measurements on millimeter wave space systems design is presented in this paper.
Book ChapterDOI
References and Bibliography
TL;DR: Abbas et al. as mentioned in this paper measured the optical constants of liquid H20 and D20 in the lower stratosphere of a satellite for studying the water cycle and energy exchanges in the tropics.
Journal ArticleDOI
The simultaneous investigation of attenuation and emission by the Earth's atmosphere at wavelengths from 4 centimeters to 8 millimeters
TL;DR: In this paper, simultaneous solar measurements of microwave atmospheric absorption and emission were used to determine frequency correlation between meteorological phenomena and atmospheric parameters, and the frequency correlation was found to be a function of the frequency of the solar signal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric Emission and Absorption at Millimeter Wavelengths
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured atmospheric emission and absorption under clear sky conditions at frequencies of 15 and 35 GHz and compared the results with those calculated from the radiative transfer equation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric optics and radiative transfer
John Howard,John S. Garing +1 more
TL;DR: The area of atmospheric optics has continued to flourish and burgeon as mentioned in this paper, and the number of papers relating to the construction or calibration of equipment for atmospheric optical studies has increased to over 900 items.
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Journal ArticleDOI
The microwave properties of precipitation particles
K. L. S. Gunn,T. W. R. East +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the theory of scattering and attenuation by rain, snow and cloud is reviewed and theoretical results are presented in the form of equations, tables and graphs, so that the radar response to meteorological particles can be calculated at six wavelengths (10, 5.7, 3.2, 1.8, 0.24 and 0.9 cm) and various temperatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Absorption of Microwaves by Oxygen
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the theoretical properties of the absorption in the near-half-kilometre-wave-length regime with the theoretical dependence of absorption on pressure, and particularly interesting because of the relation to the mechanism of collision broadening and because the resonances to individual rotational lines are resolved at low pressures.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Absorption of Microwaves by Uncondensed Water Vapor
TL;DR: In this paper, the absorption due to uncondensed water vapor in the short microwave region is computed by means of quantum mechanics, and the attenuation is attributed to two causes: (a) a single line $\ensuremath{\lambda} = 1.35$ cm, and (b) the combined residual effect of all the other lines, whose wave-lengths are too short for resonance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A method for the determination of high-altitude water-vapor abundance from ground-based microwave observations
A. H. Barrett,V. K. Chung +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the microwave resonance line at 22,235 Mc/s (λ = 1.35 cm) arising from uncondensed H2O in the terrestrial atmosphere is examined in detail as a means of providing easily obtained data on the physical structure of the atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effective Antenna Temperatures Due to Oxygen and Water Vapor in the Atmosphere
TL;DR: In this paper, the effective noise temperature at the terminals of a high gain antenna due to oxygen and water vapor in the atmosphere is given for the frequency range 05 to 40 kmc in the 1 to 10 kmc band, the effective temperature increases from about 3° to 100°K as the zenith angle is increased from 0° to 90°