Real-Time Event Classification in Power System With Renewables Using Kernel Density Estimation and Deep Neural Network
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Cites background from "Real-Time Event Classification in P..."
...In [6], a deep neural network (DNN) based real-time event classification scheme is suggested....
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...schemes reported in [6], [7], and [16] use both voltage and frequency signals from PMUs to detect and classify events....
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References
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"Real-Time Event Classification in P..." refers background or methods in this paper
...However, rectified linear unit (reLU) and exponential linear unit (eLU) activation functions enable fast network training with less complexity and introduces sparsity in the network, thus preferred for DNN training in method [27]....
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...DNN in comparison to a conventional neural network has large number of hidden layers that gives it ability to learn high level features with complexity and abstraction, thereby show superior learning and execution accuracy [27]....
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...numerical or categorical outputs from an output layer [27]....
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...are also used in DNN training to achieve high classification accuracy [27]....
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1,410 citations
"Real-Time Event Classification in P..." refers background or methods in this paper
...The optimal value of HD for minimized AMISE [24] is: H∗D = ( E [ γ−1(X) ] 2M √ πθ2D )2/5 (16) To obtain the optimal value of HD, first the EO is determined from bandwidth estimates with Gaussian KDE at ith iteration [24] using: Hig ∼= ⎛ ⎝0.9 ( 1 + 1 2i+0.5 ) (1 × 3 × 5 . . .× (2i − 1)) 3M √ π/2.θ (i)g ⎞ ⎠ 1 3+2i (17) where ith estimate of Gaussian plug-in estimator θ ig is obtained as: θ ig = −1i N2 M∑ k=1 N∑ j=1 κg ( Xk,Xj; 2Hi−1g ) (18) From the estimated Hig, EO and PIE values are obtained for ith iteration....
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...where γ (x) = √a(x)/p(x) [24] is the diffusion coefficient that affects the DKDE smoothing, X = [x1, x2, ....
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...The optimal value of HD for minimized AMISE [24] is:...
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...The process is repeated till the optimization criteria of (ei+1 −ei) ≤ τ is satisfied [24]....
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...DKDE uses the solution of a linear diffusion partial differential equation (PDE) (8) of a Gaussian kernel [24]....
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1,410 citations