Recent Advancements in Polymer-Based Composite Electrolytes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
18 May 2018-Vol. 1, Iss: 2, pp 113-138
TL;DR: A review of polymer-based composite electrolytes can be found in this article, where the benefits, synergistic mechanisms, design methods, and developments and outlooks for each individual composite strategy are explored.
Abstract: In recent years, lithium batteries using conventional organic liquid electrolytes have been found to possess a series of safety concerns. Because of this, solid polymer electrolytes, benefiting from shape versatility, flexibility, low-weight and low processing costs, are being investigated as promising candidates to replace currently available organic liquid electrolytes in lithium batteries. However, the inferior ion diffusion and poor mechanical performance of these promising solid polymer electrolytes remain a challenge. To resolve these challenges and improve overall comprehensive performance, polymers are being coordinated with other components, including liquid electrolytes, polymers and inorganic fillers, to form polymer-based composite electrolytes. In this review, recent advancements in polymer-based composite electrolytes including polymer/liquid hybrid electrolytes, polymer/polymer coordinating electrolytes and polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes are reviewed; exploring the benefits, synergistic mechanisms, design methods, and developments and outlooks for each individual composite strategy. This review will also provide discussions aimed toward presenting perspectives for the strategic design of polymer-based composite electrolytes as well as building a foundation for the future research and development of high-performance solid polymer electrolytes.
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07 Aug 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the emerging strategy of artificial protective films to fulfill a stable working Li metal anode and highlight the significance of interface-related science and engineering in both liquid-state and solid-state Li metal batteries, affords fresh insights on the interdisciplinary issues, and calls on more dedication to pave the way for safe and high-energy-density Li metal battery.
Abstract: Summary It has been a long pursuit for the adoption of the lithium (Li) metal anode because of its extremely high specific capacity and the lowest electrochemical equilibrium potential. However, the practical implement of Li anode is severely hindered by the unstable interfaces stemming from its ultrahigh reactivity, which directly dictates a low Coulombic efficiency, dendrite growth behavior, and even safety concerns. In this review, we focus on the emerging strategy of artificial protective films to fulfill a stable working Li metal anode. The recent efforts on strengthening the Li metal and liquid or solid electrolyte interfaces with artificial films are comprehensively summarized and discussed. This review highlights the significance of interface-related science and engineering in both liquid-state and solid-state Li metal batteries, affords fresh insights on the interdisciplinary issues, and calls on more dedication to pave the way for safe and high-energy-density Li metal batteries.
443 citations
01 Feb 1992
TL;DR: Amorphous oxide and oxynitride lithium electrolyte thin films were synthesized by r.f. magnetron sputtering of lithium silicates and lithium phosphates in Ar, Ar + O2, Ar+ N2, or N2 as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Amorphous oxide and oxynitride lithium electrolyte thin films were synthesized by r.f. magnetron sputtering of lithium silicates and lithium phosphates in Ar, Ar + O2, Ar + N2, or N2. The composition, structure, and electrical properties of the films were characterized using ion and electron beam, X-ray, optical, photoelectron, and a.c. impedance techniques. For the lithium phosphosilicate films, lithium ion conductivities as high as 1.4 × 10−6 S/cm at 25 °C were observed, but none of these films selected for extended testing were stable in contact with lithium. On the other hand, a new thin-film lithium phosphorus oxynitride electrolyte, synthesized by sputtering Li3PO4 in pure N2, was found to have a conductivity of 2 × 10-6 S/cm at 25 °C and excellent long-term stability in contact with lithium. Thin-films cells consisting of a 1 μm thick amorphous V2O5 cathode, a 1 μm thick oxynitride electrolyte film, and a 5 μm thick lithium anode were cycled between 3.7 and 1.5 V using discharge rates of up to 100 μA/cm2 and charge rates of up to 20 μA/cm2. The open-circuit voltage of 3.6 to 3.7 V of fully-charged cells remained virtually unchanged after months of storage.
394 citations
TL;DR: This review summarizes the existing issues with regard to Li anodes and their underlying reasons and then highlights the recent progress made in the development of high-performance LiAnodes, and proposes the persisting challenges and opportunities toward the exploration of practical Li-metal anodes.
Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries have had a tremendous impact on several sectors of our society; however, the intrinsic limitations of Li-ion chemistry limits their ability to meet the increasing demands of developing more advanced portable electronics, electric vehicles, and grid-scale energy storage systems. Therefore, battery chemistries beyond Li ions are being intensively investigated and need urgent breakthroughs toward commercial applications, wherein the use of metallic Li is one of the most intuitive choices. Despite several decades of oblivion due to safety concerns regarding the growth of Li dendrites, Li-metal anodes are now poised to be revived because of the advances in investigative tools and globally invested efforts. In this review, we first summarize the existing issues with regard to Li anodes and their underlying reasons and then highlight the recent progress made in the development of high-performance Li anodes. Finally, we propose the persisting challenges and opportunities toward the exploration of practical Li-metal anodes.
384 citations
TL;DR: This work presents how it is quite significant to further enhance the ionic conductivity of SCEs by developing the novel SPEs with the special morphology of ICEs for advanced all‐solid‐state lithium batteries.
Abstract: Solid composite electrolytes (SCEs) that combine the advantages of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) and inorganic ceramic electrolytes (ICEs) present acceptable ionic conductivity, high mechanical strength, and favorable interfacial contact with electrodes, which greatly improve the electrochemical performance of all-solid-state batteries compared to single SPEs and ICEs. However, there are many challenges to overcome before the practical application of SCEs, including the low ionic conductivity less than 10-3 S cm-1 at ambient temperature, poor interfacial stability, and high interfacial resistance, which greatly restrict the room temperature performance. Herein, the advances of SCEs applied in all-solid-state lithium batteries are presented, including the Li ion migration mechanism of SCEs, the strategies to enhance the ionic conductivity of SCEs by various morphologies of ICEs, and construction methods of the low resistance and stable interfaces of SCEs with both cathode and anode. Finally, some typical applications of SCEs in lithium batteries are summarized and future development directions are prospected. This work presents how it is quite significant to further enhance the ionic conductivity of SCEs by developing the novel SPEs with the special morphology of ICEs for advanced all-solid-state lithium batteries.
377 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the state-of-the-art strategies for stabilizing Li metal anodes in liquid, polymer, ceramic and composite electrolytes is presented.
355 citations
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"Recent Advancements in Polymer-Base..." refers background in this paper
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11,144 citations