Recent advances in the electrolytes for interfacial stability of high-voltage cathodes in lithium-ion batteries
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe several challenges for the cathode (spinel lithium manganese oxide (LMO), lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium nickel cobalt manganes oxide (NCM), spinel lithium ion ion oxide (SILO), and lithium-rich layered oxide (Li-rich cathode))-electrolyte interfaces and highlight the recent progress in the use of oxidative additives and highvoltage solvents in high-performance cells.
Abstract: Advanced electrolytes with unique functions such as in situ formation of a stable artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the anode and the cathode, and the improvement in oxidation stability of the electrolyte have recently gained recognition as a promising means for highly reliable lithium-ion batteries with high energy density. In this review, we describe several challenges for the cathode (spinel lithium manganese oxide (LMO), lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM), spinel lithium manganese nickel oxide (LNMO), and lithium-rich layered oxide (Li-rich cathode))-electrolyte interfaces and highlight the recent progress in the use of oxidative additives and high-voltage solvents in high-performance cells.
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TL;DR: In this paper, Trimethylsilylborate (TMSB) is applied to suppress the self-discharge of charged LiNi 1/3 Co 1/ 3 Mn 1 /3 O 2 (LNCM) under high potential.
35 citations
18 May 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemistry and mechanisms of high-energy-density transition metal oxide cathodes (TMOCs) are systematically revealed for in-depth understanding, and several vital design considerations of highvoltage binders are outlined.
Abstract: Research on the chemistry of high-energy-density transition metal oxide cathodes (TMOCs) is at the forefront in the pursuit of lithium-ion batteries with increased energy density. As a critical component of these cathodes, binders not only glue cathode active material particles and conducting carbons together and to current collectors but also play pivotal roles in building multiscale compatible interphases between electrolytes and cathodes. In this review, we outline several vital design considerations of high-voltage binders, several of which are already present in traditional binder design that need to be highlighted, and systematically reveal the chemistry and mechanisms underpinning such binders for in-depth understanding. Further optimization of the design of polymer binders to improve battery performance is also discussed. Finally, perspectives regarding the future rational design and promising research opportunities of state-of-the-art binders for high-voltage TMOCs are presented.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate (TMSPa) as an additive in 1 M LiPF6 (fluoroethylene carbonate/diethylene carbonate (DEC)) electrolyte on the gas evolution in Li-rich/NCM full cells during cycling was investigated.
Abstract: Online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS) was applied to study the influence of tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate (TMSPa) as an additive in 1 M LiPF6 (fluoroethylene carbonate/diethylene carbonate (DEC)) electrolyte on the gas evolution in Li-rich/NCM full cells during cycling. The results indicate that TMSPa neither influences the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation on the anode nor the surface reconstruction on the cathode but acts as a chemical scavenger for HF and LiF. TMSPa thus lowers the electrolyte acidity and suppresses further LiPF6 decomposition, resulting in lower impedance and higher lithium ion battery (LIB) performance. Furthermore, the selective reactivity of TMSPa toward fluorides leads to the formation of Me3SiF enabling the additive to act as a chemical probe and to study HF/LiF formation operando by OEMS. By this methodology, we were able to identify contributions from SEI formation, proton and reactive oxygen formation >4.2 V, cross-talk between the anode and cathode, and t...
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a detailed assessment on LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 and the underlying mechanisms governing its electrochemical performance broadly providing a focused framework for further advancement towards commercialization.
34 citations
TL;DR: High reversible Li extraction and long cycle life were attributed to structural stability of the LiM2 layer in the presence of Ti(4+), facilitating the lithium diffusion kinetics.
Abstract: Li-rich layered oxides are the most attractive cathodes for lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacity (>250 mAh g–1). However, their application in electric vehicles is hampered by low power density and poor cycle life. To address these, layered Li2Ru0.75Ti0.25O3 (LRTO) was synthesized and the influence of electroinactive Ti4+ on the electrochemical performance of Li2RuO3 was investigated. LRTO exhibited a reversible capacity of 240 mAh g–1 under 14.3 mA g–1 with 0.11 mol of Li loss after 100 cycles compared to 0.22 mol of Li for Li2Ru0.75Sn0.25O3. More Li+ can be extracted from LRTO (0.96 mol of Li) even after 250 cycles at 143 mA g–1 than Li2RuO3 (0.79 mol of Li). High reversible Li extraction and long cycle life were attributed to structural stability of the LiM2 layer in the presence of Ti4+, facilitating the lithium diffusion kinetics. The versatility of the Li2MO3 structure may initiate exploration of Ti-based Li-rich layered oxides for vehicular applications.
34 citations
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TL;DR: A brief historical review of the development of lithium-based rechargeable batteries is presented, ongoing research strategies are highlighted, and the challenges that remain regarding the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical performance and safety of these systems are discussed.
Abstract: Technological improvements in rechargeable solid-state batteries are being driven by an ever-increasing demand for portable electronic devices. Lithium-ion batteries are the systems of choice, offering high energy density, flexible and lightweight design, and longer lifespan than comparable battery technologies. We present a brief historical review of the development of lithium-based rechargeable batteries, highlight ongoing research strategies, and discuss the challenges that remain regarding the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical performance and safety of these systems.
17,496 citations
TL;DR: The battery systems reviewed here include sodium-sulfur batteries that are commercially available for grid applications, redox-flow batteries that offer low cost, and lithium-ion batteries whose development for commercial electronics and electric vehicles is being applied to grid storage.
Abstract: The increasing interest in energy storage for the grid can be attributed to multiple factors, including the capital costs of managing peak demands, the investments needed for grid reliability, and the integration of renewable energy sources. Although existing energy storage is dominated by pumped hydroelectric, there is the recognition that battery systems can offer a number of high-value opportunities, provided that lower costs can be obtained. The battery systems reviewed here include sodium-sulfur batteries that are commercially available for grid applications, redox-flow batteries that offer low cost, and lithium-ion batteries whose development for commercial electronics and electric vehicles is being applied to grid storage.
11,144 citations
TL;DR: The energy that can be stored in Li-air and Li-S cells is compared with Li-ion; the operation of the cells is discussed, as are the significant hurdles that will have to be overcome if such batteries are to succeed.
Abstract: Li-ion batteries have transformed portable electronics and will play a key role in the electrification of transport. However, the highest energy storage possible for Li-ion batteries is insufficient for the long-term needs of society, for example, extended-range electric vehicles. To go beyond the horizon of Li-ion batteries is a formidable challenge; there are few options. Here we consider two: Li-air (O(2)) and Li-S. The energy that can be stored in Li-air (based on aqueous or non-aqueous electrolytes) and Li-S cells is compared with Li-ion; the operation of the cells is discussed, as are the significant hurdles that will have to be overcome if such batteries are to succeed. Fundamental scientific advances in understanding the reactions occurring in the cells as well as new materials are key to overcoming these obstacles. The potential benefits of Li-air and Li-S justify the continued research effort that will be needed.
7,895 citations
TL;DR: The phytochemical properties of Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate and its Derivatives are as follows: 2.2.1.
Abstract: 2.1. Solvents 4307 2.1.1. Propylene Carbonate (PC) 4308 2.1.2. Ethers 4308 2.1.3. Ethylene Carbonate (EC) 4309 2.1.4. Linear Dialkyl Carbonates 4310 2.2. Lithium Salts 4310 2.2.1. Lithium Perchlorate (LiClO4) 4311 2.2.2. Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF6) 4312 2.2.3. Lithium Tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) 4312 2.2.4. Lithium Trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTf) 4312 2.2.5. Lithium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiIm) and Its Derivatives 4313
5,710 citations
TL;DR: The Review will consider some of the current scientific issues underpinning lithium batteries and electric double-layer capacitors.
Abstract: Energy-storage technologies, including electrical double-layer capacitors and rechargeable batteries, have attracted significant attention for applications in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, bulk electricity storage at power stations, and “load leveling” of renewable sources, such as solar energy and wind power. Transforming lithium batteries and electric double-layer capacitors requires a step change in the science underpinning these devices, including the discovery of new materials, new electrochemistry, and an increased understanding of the processes on which the devices depend. The Review will consider some of the current scientific issues underpinning lithium batteries and electric double-layer capacitors.
2,412 citations