Recent developments in the direct-current geoelectrical imaging method

doi:10.1016/J.JAPPGEO.2013.02.017

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Recent developments in the direct-current geoelectrical imaging method

Journal Article•DOI•

Recent developments in the direct-current geoelectrical imaging method

M.H. Loke, Jonathan Chambers¹, Dale F. Rucker, Oliver Kuras¹, Paul Wilkinson¹ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (1)

Natural Environment Research Council¹

01 Aug 2013-Journal of Applied Geophysics (Elsevier)-Vol. 95, pp 135-156

TL;DR: There have been major improvements in instrumentation, field survey design and data inversion techniques for the geoelectrical method over the past 25 years as mentioned in this paper, which has made it possible to conduct large 2D, 3D and even 4D surveys efficiently to resolve complex geological structures that were not possible with traditional 1-D surveys.

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About: This article is published in Journal of Applied Geophysics.The article was published on 2013-08-01. It has received 702 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Computer technology.

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Journal Article•DOI•

On the spatio-temporal dynamics of soil moisture at the field scale

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Harry Vereecken¹, Johan Alexander Huisman¹, Yakov Pachepsky², Carsten Montzka¹, J. van der Kruk¹, Heye Bogena¹, Lutz Weihermüller¹, Michael Herbst¹, Gonzalo Martinez², Jan Vanderborght¹ - Show less +6 more•Institutions (2)

Forschungszentrum Jülich¹, Agricultural Research Service²

04 Aug 2014-Journal of Hydrology

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the state of the art of characterizing and analyzing spatio-temporal dynamics of soil moisture content at the field scale and discuss measurement techniques that have become available in recent years and that provide unique opportunities to characterize field scale soil moisture variability with high spatial and temporal resolution.

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365 citations

Cites background from "Recent developments in the direct-c..."

...state-of-the-art ERT data acquisition and interpretation, the reader is referred to the recent review of Loke et al. (2013). The use of ERT to characterize soil properties, including soil moisture, has been reviewed by Samouelian et al. (2005) and Vanderborght et al....
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...state-of-the-art ERT data acquisition and interpretation, the reader is referred to the recent review of Loke et al. (2013). The use of ERT to characterize soil properties, including soil moisture, has been reviewed by Samouelian et al. (2005) and Vanderborght et al. (2013). 78 H. Vereecken et al. / Journal of Hydrology 516 (2014) 76–96...
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...For an overview of state-of-the-art ERT data acquisition and interpretation, the reader is referred to the recent review of Loke et al. (2013)....
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...state-of-the-art ERT data acquisition and interpretation, the reader is referred to the recent review of Loke et al. (2013). The use of ERT to characterize soil properties, including soil moisture, has been reviewed by Samouelian et al....
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...state-of-the-art ERT data acquisition and interpretation, the reader is referred to the recent review of Loke et al. (2013). The use of ERT to characterize soil properties, including soil moisture, has been reviewed by Samouelian et al. (2005) and Vanderborght et al. (2013). 78 H....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Electrical resistivity tomography technique for landslide investigation: A review

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A. Perrone, V. Lapenna, S. Piscitelli

01 Aug 2014-Earth-Science Reviews

TL;DR: A review of the main results obtained by applying 2D and 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) for the investigation of a wide spectrum of landslide phenomena which affected various geological formations and occurred in different geographic areas is presented in this paper.

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266 citations

Cites background from "Recent developments in the direct-c..."

...Furthermore, the additional integration with geological and borehole information is useful for the improvement of the geophysical data interpretation, overcoming the non-uniqueness typical of the geophysical model obtained (McCann and Forster, 1990; Loke et al., 2013)....
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...These systems can use local power generated by wind, solar and fuel cell technology, and can incorporate telemetric control and data transfer (Loke et al., 2013)....
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...Loke et al. (2013) have highlighted and discussed the major ERT limitations among which, as also pointed out in the papers analyzed, themost important in landslide application are: the non-uniqueness of solution, the investigation depth and resolution, the calibration of data, the three-dimensional…...
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Journal Article•DOI•

Geosounding principles, 1. resistivity sounding measurements

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George V. Keller

01 Jan 1980-Earth-Science Reviews

155 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Geophysical Monitoring of Moisture-Induced Landslides: A Review

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J. Whiteley¹, J. Whiteley², Jonathan Chambers¹, Sebastian Uhlemann³, Paul Wilkinson¹, J-Michael Kendall - Show less +2 more•Institutions (3)

British Geological Survey¹, University of Bristol², Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory³

01 Mar 2019-Reviews of Geophysics

TL;DR: Whiteley et al. as discussed by the authors presented a review of the state of the art of geophysical monitoring applied to moisture-induced landslides, focusing on technical and practical uses of time-lapse methods in geophysics applied to monitoring moistureinduced landslide.

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Abstract: Author(s): Whiteley, JS; Chambers, JE; Uhlemann, S; Wilkinson, PB; Kendall, JM | Abstract: Geophysical monitoring of landslides can provide insights into spatial and temporal variations of subsurface properties associated with slope failure. Recent improvements in equipment, data analysis, and field operations have led to a significant increase in the use of such techniques in monitoring. Geophysical methods complement intrusive approaches, which sample only a very small proportion of the subsurface, and walk-over or remotely sensed data, which principally provide information only at the ground surface. In particular, recent studies show that advances in geophysical instrumentation, data processing, modeling, and interpretation in the context of landslide monitoring are significantly improving the characterization of hillslope hydrology and soil and rock hydrology and strength and their dynamics over time. This review appraises the state of the art of geophysical monitoring, as applied to moisture-induced landslides. Here we focus on technical and practical uses of time-lapse methods in geophysics applied to monitoring moisture-induced landslide. The case studies identified in this review show that several geophysical techniques are currently used in the monitoring of subsurface landslide processes. These geophysical contributions to monitoring and predicting the evolution of landslide processes are currently underrealized. Hence, the further integration of multiple-parametric and geotechnically coupled geophysical monitoring systems has considerable potential. The complementary nature of certain methods to map the distribution of subsurface moisture and elastic moduli will greatly increase the predictive and monitoring capacity of early warning systems in moisture-induced landslide settings.

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127 citations

Cites background from "Recent developments in the direct-c..."

...(a) The results from calculating changes in relative surface-wave velocity over time via cross correlation of ambient noise seismic records by Mainsant et al. (2012). Decreases in velocity by 2% develop over 20 days (1), before a total decrease of 7% is observed (2) in the seven days preceding a significant failure (shaded gray area). (b) The cross-correlation coefficient and (c) the daily and cumulative rainfall. From Mainsant et al. (2012). Copyright © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc....
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...(a) The results from calculating changes in relative surface-wave velocity over time via cross correlation of ambient noise seismic records by Mainsant et al. (2012). Decreases in velocity by 2% develop over 20 days (1), before a total decrease of 7% is observed (2) in the seven days preceding a significant failure (shaded gray area)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Life and death of slow-moving landslides

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Pascal G. Lacroix¹, Alexander L. Handwerger², Alexander L. Handwerger³, Grégory Bièvre¹•Institutions (3)

University of Savoy¹, California Institute of Technology², University of California, Los Angeles³

21 Jul 2020

TL;DR: In the most destructive and catastrophic landslide events, rocks, soil and fluids can travel at speeds approaching several tens of metres per second as discussed by the authors, but slow-moving landslides rarely claim lives, they can cause major damage to infrastructure and sometimes fail catastrophically, transitioning into fast moving landslides that can result in thousands of casualties.

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Abstract: In the most destructive and catastrophic landslide events, rocks, soil and fluids can travel at speeds approaching several tens of metres per second. However, many landslides, commonly referred to as slow-moving landslides, creep at rates ranging from millimetres to several metres per year and can persist for years to decades. Although slow-moving landslides rarely claim lives, they can cause major damage to infrastructure and sometimes fail catastrophically, transitioning into fast-moving landslides that can result in thousands of casualties. In addition, slow-moving landslides are highly erosive features that control the landscape morphology in many mountainous regions (such as the California Coast Ranges or the Apennines). The persistent and long-term motion of slow-moving landslides provides an exceptional opportunity to investigate landslide processes and mechanisms. In this Review, we examine the environmental conditions (such as geology, climate and tectonics) of slow-moving-landslide-prone regions, analyse the forcings (for example, precipitation and groundwater, earthquakes, river erosion, anthropogenic forcings and external material supply) that drive their motion and investigate the subsequent implications of the different forcings on landslide dynamics. We then discuss circumstances in which slow-moving landslides can accelerate rapidly, move large distances or even fail catastrophically. Finally, we provide new perspectives and challenges for future landslide research. Some landslides creep at low velocities of a few millimetres to metres per year, forced by external factors such as rainfall, snowmelt, earthquakes or anthropogenic forcings. This Review discusses the recent advances in understanding slow-moving landslides and examines circumstances where slow-moving landslides can accelerate and fail catastrophically.

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125 citations

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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics

[...]

G. E. Archie¹•Institutions (1)

Shell Oil Company¹

01 Dec 1942-Transactions of the AIME

TL;DR: The usefulness of the electrical resistivity log in determining reservoir characteristics is governed largely by: (1) the accuracy with which the true resistivity of the formation can be determined; (2) the scope of detailed data concerning the relation of resistivity measurements to formation characteristics; (3) the available information concerning the conductivity of connate or formation waters; and (4) the extent of geologic knowledge regarding probable changes in facies within given horizons, both vertically and laterally, particularly in relation to the resultant effect on the electrical properties of the reservoir as mentioned in this paper.

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Abstract: THE usefulness of the electrical resistivity log in determining reservoir characteristics is governed largely by: (I) the accuracy with which the true resistivity of the formation can be determined; (2) the scope of detailed data concerning the relation of resistivity measurements to formation characteristics; (3) the available information concerning the conductivity of connate or formation waters; (4) the extent of geologic knowledge regarding probable changes in facies within given horizons, both vertically and laterally, particularly in relation to the resultant effect on the electrical properties of the reservoir. Simple examples are given in the following pages to illustrate the use of resistivity logs in the solution of some problems dealing with oil and gas reservoirs. From the available information, it is apparent that much care must be exercised in applying to more complicated cases the methods suggested. It should be remembered that the equations given are not precise and represent only approximate relationships. It is believed, however, that under favorable conditions their application falls within useful limits of accuracy.

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6,411 citations

"Recent developments in the direct-c..." refers background in this paper

...The Archie equation (Archie, 1942) shows that for fully saturated media, an increase in porosity causes the resistivity to decrease exponentially....
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Book•

An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics

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John M. Reynolds

01 Jan 1997

TL;DR: The first edition of the book as mentioned in this paper contains case histories, and descriptions of geophysical techniques not previously included in such textbooks, but the level of mathematics and physics is deliberately kept to a minimum but is described qualitatively within the text.

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Abstract: The book covers a range of applications including mineral, hydrocarbon and groundwater exploration, and emphasises the use of geophysics in civil engineering and in environmental investigations. Following on from the international popularity of the first edition, this new, revised, and much expanded edition contains additional case histories, and descriptions of geophysical techniques not previously included in such textbooks. The level of mathematics and physics is deliberately kept to a minimum but is described qualitatively within the text. Relevant mathematical expressions are separated into boxes to supplement the text. The book is profusely illustrated with many figures, photographs and line drawings, many never previously published. Key source literature is provided in an extensive reference section; a list of web addresses for key organisations is also given in an appendix as a valuable additional resource. Covers new techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Sounding, Controlled- Source EM, shear-wave seismic refraction, and airborne gravity and EM techniques -- Now includes radioactivity surveying and more discussions of down-hole geophysical methods; hydrographic and Sub-Bottom Profiling surveying; and Unexploded Ordnance detection -- Expanded to include more forensic, archaeological, glaciological, agricultural and bio-geophysical applications -- Includes more information on physio-chemical properties of geological, engineering and environmental materials.

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2,241 citations

"Recent developments in the direct-c..." refers background or methods in this paper

...Non-polarizable electrodes (Reynolds, 2011) are widely used as the potential electrodes in I.P. surveys to reduce SP noise, although there has been recent progress in using conventional metal electrodes (Dahlin and Leroux, 2012) which aremore convenient to use with multi-electrode systems....
[...]
...The resistivity survey method is one of the oldest and most commonly used geophysical exploration methods (Reynolds, 2011)....
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...Borrowing the description of environmental geophysics from Reynolds (2011), environmental applications for resistivity include those that aim to investigate near surface bio-physico-chemical phenomena having significant implications for environmental management....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Rapid least-squares inversion of apparent resistivity pseudosections by a quasi-Newton method1

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M.H. Loke¹, R. D. Barker²•Institutions (2)

Universiti Sains Malaysia¹, University of Birmingham²

01 Jan 1996-Geophysical Prospecting

TL;DR: In this paper, a smoothness-constrained least-squares method was used for the interpretation of data from resistivity tomography surveys on an 80486DX microcomputer.

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Abstract: A fast inversion technique for the interpretation of data from resistivity tomography surveys has been developed for operation on a microcomputer. This technique is based on the smoothness-constrained least-squares method and it produces a two-dimensional subsurface model from the apparent resistivity pseudosection. In the first iteration, a homogeneous earth model is used as the starting model for which the apparent resistivity partial derivative values can be calculated analytically. For subsequent iterations, a quasi-Newton method is used to estimate the partial derivatives which reduces the computer time and memory space required by about eight and twelve times, respectively, compared to the conventional least-squares method. Tests with a variety of computer models and data from field surveys show that this technique is insensitive to random noise and converges rapidly. This technique takes about one minute to invert a single data set on an 80486DX microcomputer.

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2,181 citations

Rapid least-squared inversion of apparent resisitivity pseudosections by a quasi-Newton method

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M. H. Loke, R. D. Barker

01 Jan 1996

TL;DR: In this article, a smoothness-constrained least-squares method was used for the interpretation of data from resistivity tomography surveys on an 80486DX microcomputer.

...read moreread less

1,997 citations

"Recent developments in the direct-c..." refers methods in this paper

...Together with the parallel development of fast and stable automatic data inversion techniques (deGroot-Hedlin and Constable, 1990; Li and Oldenburg, 1992; Loke and Barker, 1996a) that could be implemented on commonly available microcomputers, 2-...
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...D surveys with relatively few modifications (Loke and Barker, 1996b)....
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...D model that consists of a large number of rectangular cells is commonly used to interpret the data (Loke and Barker, 1996a)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Occam's inversion to generate smooth, two-dimensional models from magnetotelluric data

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C. D. de Groot-Hedlin¹, Steven Constable¹•Institutions (1)

Scripps Research Institute¹

01 Dec 1990-Geophysics

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose an extension of the existing 1-D algorithm, Occam's inversion, to smooth 2-D models using an extension to the existing Occam inversion.

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Abstract: Magnetotelluric (MT) data are inverted for smooth 2-D models using an extension of the existing 1-D algorithm, Occam’s inversion. Since an MT data set consists of a finite number of imprecise data, an infinity of solutions to the inverse problem exists. Fitting field or synthetic electromagnetic data as closely as possible results in theoretical models with a maximum amount of roughness, or structure. However, by relaxing the misfit criterion only a small amount, models which are maximally smooth may be generated. Smooth models are less likely to result in overinterpretation of the data and reflect the true resolving power of the MT method. The models are composed of a large number of rectangular prisms, each having a constant conductivity. Apriori information, in the form of boundary locations only or both boundary locations and conductivity, may be included, providing a powerful tool for improving the resolving power of the data. Joint inversion of TE and TM synthetic data generated from known models al...

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1,411 citations

"Recent developments in the direct-c..." refers background or methods in this paper

...One common form of the roughness filter is the first-order difference matrix (deGroot-Hedlin and Constable, 1990), but the elements of the matrices can be modified to introduce other desired characteristics into the inversion model (Farquharson, 2008; Pellerin and Wannamaker, 2005)....
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...Together with the parallel development of fast and stable automatic data inversion techniques (deGroot-Hedlin and Constable, 1990; Li and Oldenburg, 1992; Loke and Barker, 1996a) that could be implemented on commonly available microcomputers, 2-...
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