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Dissertation

RECHERCHE-INTERVENTION ET ACCOMPAGNEMENT DU CHANGEMENT EN EDUCATION : vers une approche contre-culturelle de l’émancipation

09 Jun 2017-
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a synthetic overview of activities carried out during my PhD thesis and after in my missions of teacher-researcher at the university of Toulouse Jean Jaures.
Abstract: This document, written for authorization to manage PhD students, presents a synthetic overview of activities carried out during my PhD thesis and after in my missions of teacher-researcher at the university of Toulouse Jean Jaures. It is chronologically organized in three parts. The first part returns on my doctoral path as well as on the works I led concerning the episodes of misunderstanding, which occur in the beginning of lessons. A biographical approach is mobilized. It describes the conditions of emergence of themes, which occupy an important position in my researches: so as the questions of emancipation and change management. The second part reports productions relative to the professionalization in the field of health, to transmission of standards and values in vocational training, to construction of professionalism. It analyzes the way a number of changes (hospital reform, reengineering of training, neo-evaluation) affects these processes. The constitution of change as an object of research is then highlighted, as well as the epistemological and theoretical issue bound to the modes of change management. Having clarified the selected approach of the change and specified the process of intervention-research, which I implement, the third part of this text is dedicated to the epistemological principles basing a scientific change management. Then, it is discussed the research project I intend to manage. Concerning the countercultural approach of the emancipation, which I intend to characterize, this one rests on the hypothesis according to which the capacity of mobilization of countercultural works would favor the emancipation of the actors. This project aims at studying the way a scientific change management could use this countercultural resource in a purpose of emancipation. The model of the “eridostrakon” is explained and discussed. The document ends with the identification of the skills, which were able to be developed through various professional situations. I discuss these skills with the prospect of researches management.
Citations
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Journal Article

3,099 citations

01 Jan 1993

167 citations

01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: A double enquete, menee aupres de jeunes âges de 20 a 30 ans and de responsables charges de la gestion du personnel, qu'analyse ici Gilles Achache as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Quelles sont les attentes des jeunes a l'egard du monde du travail ? Comment souhaitent-ils s'y integrer ? Comment s'y figurent-ils leur parcours ? Telles sont les questions auxquelles tente de repondre le sondage mene par l'institut CSA aupres de 1 000 jeunes et de 300 entreprises. Mais aussi, comment les entreprises concoivent-elles l'integration des jeunes ? C'est cette double enquete, menee aupres de jeunes âges de 20 a 30 ans et de responsables charges de la gestion du personnel, qu'analyse ici Gilles Achache

78 citations

01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey on the ontology of engagement in professions, which is based on the notion of engagement publics of le professiones. But the focus of their work is on renouveling the representation that nous avons des professions and enriching the comprehension des phenomenes dengagement.
Abstract: Florent Champy, charge de recherche au CNRSLiora Israel, maitre de conferences L’etude des professions a travers le prisme des engagements publics de leurs membres avait pour double objectif de renouveler la representation que nous avons des professions et d’enrichir la comprehension des phenomenes d’engagement. Prendre en compte les logiques d’engagement permet tout d’abord de desenclaver la sociologie des professions, pour insister sur la maniere dont les professionnels interagissent avec l...

55 citations

Dissertation
14 Nov 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the processus de circulation des savoirs pluriels en jeu dans a recherche-intervention of type accompagnement de la decision politique dans laquelle un observatoire "vivre sa jeunesse" est co-elabore.
Abstract: Cette these se situe au croisement des reflexions epistemologiques, heuristiques et praxeologiques que souleve la prise en charge des demandes sociales en education. Elle est issue d’une recherche commanditee par une collectivite territoriale. Elle s’inscrit dans une recherche-intervention de type accompagnement de la decision politique dans laquelle un observatoire « vivre sa jeunesse » est co-elabore. Ce dispositif collaboratif, positionne comme tiers-espace socio-scientifique entre le monde scientifique et le monde social provoque deux types de rencontres, d’un cote des chercheurs et des acteurs sociaux et de l’autre, des decideurs politiques et des jeunes citoyens. Cette these etudie le processus de circulation des savoirs pluriels en jeu dans une recherche-intervention au travers de ses dynamiques epistemiques d’ordre a la fois socio-cognitif et socio-politique. Le cadre theorique s’est construit sur l’articulation de trois composantes theoriques que sont la sociologie de la traduction, la spirale de connaissances et la notion d’emancipation. Deux dispositifs d’enquete sont mobilises aupres des jeunes du territoire ainsi que de quatre elus locaux et de quatre jeunes enroles dans l’observatoire. Les resultats de ce travail montrent une forme interactive et iterative de co-construction de connaissances et de savoirs qui est rendue possible par leur explicitation, leur partage, leur interaction continue et leur formalisation progressive. Ils revelent aussi des freins et des leviers a la co-production de savoirs pluri-epistemologiques, c’est-a-dire qui disposent d’une legitimite differente des formes traditionnelles de production de savoirs en comportant a la fois une validite scientifique et sociale. La dimension emancipatrice d’un tel processus cognitif pour les contributeurs enroles est egalement mise en exergue et plus specifiquement le developpement du pouvoir d’agir des jeunes et la legitimation de leur droit a la Cite.

46 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 2013
Abstract: 1. The integrated wholeness of the organism must be one of the foundation stones of motivation theory. 2. The hunger drive (or any other physiological drive) was rejected as a centering point or model for a definitive theory of motivation. Any drive that is somatically based and localizable was shown to be atypical rather than typical in human motivation. 3. Such a theory should stress and center itself upon ultimate or basic goals rather than partial or superficial ones, upon ends rather than means to these ends. Such a stress would imply a more central place for unconscious than for conscious motivations. 4. There are usually available various cultural paths to the same goal. Therefore conscious, specific, local-cultural desires are not as fundamental in motivation theory as the more basic, unconscious goals. 5. Any motivated behavior, either preparatory or consummatory, must be understood to be a channel through which many basic needs may be simultaneously expressed or satisfied. Typically an act has more than one motivation. 6. Practically all organismic states are to be understood as motivated and as motivating. 7. Human needs arrange themselves in hierarchies of prepotency. That is to say, the appearance of one need usually rests on the prior satisfaction of another, more pre-potent need. Man is a perpetually wanting animal. Also no need or drive can be treated as if it were isolated or discrete; every drive is related to the state of satisfaction or dissatisfaction of other drives. 8. Lists of drives will get us nowhere for various theoretical and practical reasons. Furthermore any classification of motivations

18,001 citations


"RECHERCHE-INTERVENTION ET ACCOMPAGN..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…la perspective baudelairienne pour rappeler que la recherche de la nouveauté ne fait pas partie des quatre premiers niveaux de la célèbre pyramide de Maslow (1943), on peut la classer sans conteste, me semble-t-il, dans le dernier niveau, celui de l’accomplissement personnel, en la rapprochant de…...

    [...]

  • ...The desire to know and to understand are themselves conative, i.e., have a striving character, and are as much personality needs as the ’basic needs’ we have already discussed » (Maslow, 1943, p. 385-386)....

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Book
01 Jan 1967
TL;DR: This work focuses on Ethnomethodology, which investigates the role of sex status in the lives of the Intersexed Person and some of the rules of Correct Decisions that Jurors Respect.
Abstract: 1. What is Ethnomethodology?. 2. Studies of the Routine Grounds of Everyday Activities. 3. Common Sense Knowledge of Social Structures: The Documentary Method of Interpretation in Lay and Professional Fact Finding. 4. Some Rules of Correct Decisions that Jurors Respect. 5. Passing and the Managed Achievement of Sex Status in the Intersexed Person. 6. "Good Organizational Reasons for a Bada Clinic Records". 7. Methodological Adequacy in the Quantitative Study of Selection Criteria and Selection Practices in Psychiatric Outpatient Clinics. 8. The Rational Properties of Scientific and Common Sense Activities. Appendix.

11,533 citations


"RECHERCHE-INTERVENTION ET ACCOMPAGN..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…et de l’autre celle d’une activité inscrite dans une culture qui lui préexiste, il faut rappeler la mise au point de Mondada quant à la position de Garfinkel (1967) : [L’idée que l’action est un accomplissement localement situé] a souvent été mal comprise, notamment par ceux qui l’ont…...

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Journal ArticleDOI
Lucy Suchman1
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-modelling architecture for human-machine communication that automates the very labor-intensive and therefore time-heavy and therefore expensive and expensive process of designing and implementing communication systems.
Abstract: Preface Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. Interactive artefacts 3. Plans 4. Situated actions 5. Communicative resources 6. Case and methods 7. Human-machine communication 8. Conclusion References Indices.

5,784 citations


"RECHERCHE-INTERVENTION ET ACCOMPAGN..." refers background in this paper

  • ...L’activité cognitive des acteurs est elle-même située (Barbier et al., 2000 ; Barbier & Durand, 2003 ; Lave, 1988 ; Suchman, 1987)....

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  • ...Le rôle des plans est par conséquent à reconsidérer : Suchman (1987) indique ainsi que c’est par une illusion rétrospective que 25 Recherche-intervention et accompagnement du changement en éducation _____________________________________________________________________________________ l’action peut…...

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MonographDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, Lave moves the analysis of one particular form of cognitive activity, arithmetic problem-solving, out of the laboratory into the domain of everyday life, and shows how mathematics in the real world, like all thinking, is shaped by the dynamic encounter between the culturally endowed mind and its total context, a subtle interaction that shapes both tile human subject and the world within which it acts.
Abstract: Most previous research on human cognition has focused on problem-solving, and has confined its investigations to the laboratory. As a result, it has been difficult to account for complex mental processes and their place in culture and history. In this startling - indeed, disco in forting - study, Jean Lave moves the analysis of one particular form of cognitive activity, - arithmetic problem-solving - out of the laboratory into the domain of everyday life. In so doing, she shows how mathematics in the 'real world', like all thinking, is shaped by the dynamic encounter between the culturally endowed mind and its total context, a subtle interaction that shapes 1) Both tile human subject and the world within which it acts. The study is focused on mundane daily, activities, such as grocery shopping for 'best buys' in the supermarket, dieting, and so on. Innovative in its method, fascinating in its findings, the research is above all significant in its theoretical contributions. Have offers a cogent critique of conventional cognitive theory, turning for an alternative to recent social theory, and weaving a compelling synthesis from elements of culture theory, theories of practice, and Marxist discourse. The result is a new way of understanding human thought processes, a vision of cognition as the dialectic between persons-acting, and the settings in which their activity is constituted. The book will appeal to anthropologists, for its novel theory of the relation of cognition to culture and context; to cognitive scientists and educational theorists; and to the 'plain folks' who form its subject, and who will recognize themselves in it, a rare accomplishment in the modern social sciences.

4,420 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...L’activité cognitive des acteurs est elle-même située (Barbier et al., 2000 ; Barbier & Durand, 2003 ; Lave, 1988 ; Suchman, 1987)....

    [...]

Journal Article

3,099 citations


"RECHERCHE-INTERVENTION ET ACCOMPAGN..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…en lui-même le principe d’un développement de l’autonomie des acteurs50, celui d’une responsabilisation auxquels les travaux de Schön (1983) et son modèle du praticien réflexif donnent une assise théorique qui s’opérationnalise à travers différents dispositifs pédagogiques…...

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  • ...Cette conception s’accompagne d’un rapprochement inattendu de l’activité du praticien et de celle du chercheur : En effet, dans une situation donnée, l’individu analyse la situation, construit un cadre de perception de celle-ci sur la base de ses expériences passées et décide d’agir d’une certaine façon: c’est la réflexion dans l’action (« reflexion-in-action » selon Schön, 1989) produite spontanément sans conscience....

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  • ...Ainsi que Schön (Schön, 1983) a pu le mettre en évidence, dans nombre de situations de travail, dont celles au cœur 24 Recherche-intervention et accompagnement du changement en éducation _____________________________________________________________________________________ desquelles surviennent des épisodes de malentendu, les problèmes ne sont pas donnés, mais à construire par l’acteur....

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  • ...J’ai évoqué plus haut la recommandation de Lewin : « les gens acceptent plus facilement les résultats de recherche et sont plus enclins à s’en servir s’ils ont contribué à la conception des recherches et participé à la récolte et à l’analyse des données » (Argyris & Schön, 2002, p. 72)....

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  • ...215 Recherche-intervention et accompagnement du changement en éducation _____________________________________________________________________________________ Argyris, C., & Schön, D. A. (2002)....

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