Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines from the International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
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...Although the diagnosis can be made on clinical grounds alone, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the central nervous system (CNS) can support, supplement, or even replace some clinical criteria,3–9 as most recently emphasized by the so-called McDonald Criteria of the International Panel on Diagnosis of MS.8,9 The McDonald Criteria have resulted in earlier diagnosis of MS with a high degree of both specificity and sensitivity,10–13 allowing for better counseling of patients and earlier treatment....
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...Although the diagnosis can be made on clinical grounds alone, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the central nervous system (CNS) can support, supplement, or even replace some clinical criteria, as most recently emphasized by the so-called McDonald Criteria of the International Panel on Diagnosis of MS.(8,9) The McDonald Criteria have resulted in earlier diagnosis of MS with a high degree of both specificity and sensitivity, allowing for better counseling of patients and earlier treatment....
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...Thus, application of the revised MAGNIMS-based criteria for DIS and DIT on initial MRI would be inappropriate for such patients, and serial clinical and MRI observations are required to confirm a diagnosis of MS....
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...The Panel reaffirmed that positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings (elevated immunoglobulin G [IgG] index or 2 or more oligoclonal bands) can be important to support the inflammatory demyelinating nature of the underlying condition, to evaluate alternative diagnoses, and to predict CDMS.15,31 In the 2001 and 2005 McDonald Criteria, a positive CSF finding could be used to reduce the MRI requirements for reaching DIS criteria (requiring only 2 or more MRI-detected lesions consistent with MS if the CSF was positive).8,9 However, when applying the simplified MAGNIMS...
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...The Panel recommends revisions to the McDonald Criteria for diagnosis of MS (Table 4) focusing specifically on requirements to demonstrate DIS, DIT, and on diagnosis of PPMS....
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4,862 citations
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...Ian McDonald.(1) The Criteria became known internationally,(2) and they were rapidly adopted by the MS community....
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...Ann Neurol 2005;58:840–846 In 2001, the International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis presented new diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) that have come to be known as the “McDonald Criteria” after the chair of that group, Dr W. Ian McDonald.1 The Criteria became known internationally,2 and they were rapidly adopted by the MS community....
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...There should be subjective report (backed up by objective findings) or objective observation that the event lasts for at least 24 hours.(1) No additional tests are required; however, if tests (MRI, CSF) are undertaken and are negative, extreme caution needs to be taken before making a diagnosis of MS....
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"Recommended diagnostic criteria for..." refers background in this paper
...Although there was some divergence of opinion, the group agreed that, for general diagnostic purposes, an attack, defined either by subjective report or by objective observation, should last for at least 24 hours.(2) This assumes that there is expert clinical assessment that the event is not a pseudoattack, such as might be caused by a change in core body temperature(5) or infection....
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...Because no single clinical feature or diagnostic test is sufficient for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), diagnostic criteria have included a combination of both clinical and paraclinical studies.(1,2) The last formal review of criteria for MS diagnosis occurred in 1982,(2) at which time degrees of diagnostic certainty were identified by categories ranging from clinically definite diagnosis to laboratory-supported definite MS, clinically probable MS, and laboratory-supported probable MS....
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"Recommended diagnostic criteria for..." refers background in this paper
...These criteria provide an acceptable degree of sensitivity while providing greater specificity and accuracy7 than the MRI criteria proposed by Fazekas et al8,9 and Paty et al.10 The assessment of dissemination in time is discussed below in relation to each particular mode of clinical presentation (see Table 2)....
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...These criteria provide an acceptable degree of sensitivity while providing greater specificity and accuracy(7) than the MRI criteria proposed by Fazekas et al(8,9) and Paty et al.(10) The assessment of dissemination in time is discussed below in relation to each particular mode of clinical presentation (see Table 2)....
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