Recovery and pre-concentration of uranium from secondary effluent using novel resin
01 Jul 2010-International Journal of Nuclear Desalination (Inderscience Publishers)-Vol. 4, Iss: 1, pp 28-36
TL;DR: In this paper, the sorbed matrix has been eluted with different eluant concentration for further enrichment of radionuclides in the elute, and fractional elution ensures further reuse of sorbent and significant improvement in uranium enrichment.
Abstract: The act of enrichment or improving the quality of product concentration, i.e. 'pre-concentration', has been studied with respect to uranium plant effluent, which contains uranium in 10?30 ppm level intermingled with a huge number of interfering ions, such as magnesium, in percent level. The effects of different operating conditions, such as concentration of uranium in the effluent, pH, the time required for uptake of uranium and the effect of the presence of other elements in the effluent, in batch experiments have been investigated. Using this in-house novel resin for preferential uranium uptake, the sorbed matrix has been eluted with different eluant concentration for further enrichment of radionuclides in the elute. High uptake values for uranium ions prove its selectivity, and fractional elution ensures further reuse of sorbent and significant improvement in uranium enrichment.
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01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic fundamentals and key components of ion exchange process taking into consideration the latest progress taking place in the field are reviewed and a brief encounter for the various applications utilizing ion exchange processes is also presented.
Abstract: Ion exchange technology remains the workhorse of various chemical, petrochemical, food, power, and pharmaceutical industries. The success of ion exchange process depends literally on understanding of its basic principles and applying them in a way suiting the nature of the treated feed. This chapter reviews the basic fundamentals and key components of ion exchange process taking into consideration the latest progress taking place in the field. The variation in the ion exchange materials, their nature, forms, and functions are reviewed. The kinetics, sorption equilibrium, operating modes, and engineering configurations for ion exchange processes are also discussed. A brief encounter for the various applications utilizing ion exchange processes is also presented.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a novel polymeric chelating resin was designed and developed in Desalination Division, BARC laboratory with significant potential for this achievement, the characteristics and potential of the resin have been described for the recovery of valuable elements based on experimental findings.
Abstract: Research and technological developments are being pursued vigorously all over the world to reduce the cost of desalinated water. Thermal and membrane-based desalination processes are very well known and plants are being operated to augment the demand of fresh water essential for drinking in water-scarce countries and to sustain the industrial processes. Any further improvement in energy reduction can only be marginal considering the complexity of the desalination system. The alternative approach is to add value by recovering edible salt, rare and valuable metals, such as caesium, titanium, uranium and vanadium, from the reject brine streams. In this regard, a novel polymeric chelating resin was designed and developed in Desalination Division, BARC laboratory with significant potential for this achievement. In this paper, the characteristics and potential of the resin have been described for the recovery of valuable elements based on experimental findings.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a polyacrylhydroxamic acid (PHOA) has been synthesized and utilized targeting ground water remediation; recovery of uranium from low concentration aqueous solution.
Abstract: “In-House” resin Polyacrylhydroxamic acid (PHOA) has been synthesized and utilized targeting ground water remediation; recovery of uranium from low concentration aqueous solution e.g., mining activities related water, flooding of excavated or deplumed areas, nuclear plant washed effluent and process generated effluents in nuclear plant during front-end as well as back-end treatment. In the present study, treatment of field effluent containing heavy metals and radio-nuclides from contaminated mining sites reflected preference for uranium with respect to manganese. The specific complexation between the extractant and metal ion especially uranium provides high distribution co-efficient (Kd) for uranium (Kd,U = 1,450 mL/g from inlet of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) and Kd,U = 74,950 mL/g for synthetic solution) compared to high level impurity (1,000 times higher concentration) of manganese (Kd,Mn = 111 mL/g from inlet of ETP and Kd,Mn = 10,588 mL/g for synthetic solution). The “In-House” resin showed significant extractability (70–95% elution efficiency) and indicates a possibility of selective removal/recovery of the valuable metal ions even from secondary sources. As a specialty, resin can be regenerated and reused.
7 citations
Cites background from "Recovery and pre-concentration of u..."
...Even when treated with high concentrated uranium solution mixed with other uranium production plant generated effluent resin responded [13] substantially....
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...Recently, there has been increasing demand for the new techniques using different types of polymeric sorbents or solid phase extractant [12–15] for remediation of contaminated sites....
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23 May 2017
TL;DR: The Jekyll and Hyde nature of iron and uranium loaded PAAHA has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, Mossbauer spectroscopy, EDXRF and magnetization measurements as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The Jekyll and Hyde nature of iron and uranium loaded “IN-HOUSE’ resin viz., Polyacrylamide hydroxamic acid (PAAHA) has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, Mossbauer spectroscopy, EDXRF and magnetization measurements techniques. Among all Mossbauer spectra and magnetization properties indicates supportive documents of characteristic special acquaintance nature of iron w.r.t accumulated U within the matrix even after loading of Fe in vast.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a novel polyacrylamide hydroxamic acid (PAAHA) resin resample was applied to remove radiologically and chemically toxic uranium and iron.
Abstract: Uranium- and iron-containing waste simulated effluent has been treated sequentially with a novel resin, viz., polyacrylamide hydroxamic acid (PAAHA). The motivation is to investigate the competitive interactions with transition metals during the removal of radiologically and chemically toxic uranium. The sequential sorption results indicate that the resin is more Fe selective compared to U and it retains more iron. X-ray absorption fine structure measurements, which comprise of both X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) techniques, have been carried out on the PAAHA resin at the Fe K-edge and U L3-edge to probe the change in the local coordination environment on sequential sorption of uranium and iron. EXAFS measurements conclude that the U-O distances and coordination are modified when the treatment sequences of U and Fe are interchanged, whereas the Fe local structure remains intact. The results obtained from EXAFS measurements have been verified by detail analysis of XANES data.
4 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that poly(acrylamidoxime) resins are suitable for the accumulation of uranium from natural seawater of pH = 8.1-8.3.
Abstract: Hydroxylamine derivatives of cross-linked poly(acrylonitriles), so-called poly(acrylamidoxime) resins, are suitable for the accumulation of uranium from natural seawater of pH = 8.1–8.3. Depending on the method of manufacture, these sorbers yield excellent uranium loadings up to some thousand ppm which roughly equals the average uranium content of actually explored uranium ores. The rate of uranium uptake, which is 5-30 ppm/d at room temperature, increases with increasing temperature of seawater. Uranium can be eluted by 1 M HCl with an elution efficiency of more than 90%. Owing to a certain instability of the uranium binding groups in acid eluants, the uranium uptake decreases with increasing number of sorption-elution cycles. Hydroxylamine derivatives of poly(acrylonitrile) are shown to contain simultaneously at least two kinds of functional groups: open-chain amidoxime groups which are stable and cyclic imidoxime groups which are unstable in 1 M HCl. Experimental evidence is presented that the...
177 citations
TL;DR: The present study successfully demonstrates the feasibility of removing uranyl ions selectively in the range 5 microg - 300 mg present in 500 mL of synthetic nuclear power reactor effluent containing a host of other inorganic species.
Abstract: Major quantities of uranium find use as nuclear fuel in nuclear power reactors. In view of the extreme toxicity of uranium and consequent stringent limits fixed by WHO and various national governments, it is essential to remove uranium from nuclear power reactor effluents before discharge into environment. Ion imprinted polymer (IIP) materials have traditionally been used for the recovery of uranium from dilute aqueous solutions prior to detection or from seawater. We now describe the use of IIP materials for selective removal of uranium from a typical synthetic nuclear power reactor effluent. The IIP materials were prepared for uranyl ion (imprint ion) by forming binary salicylaldoxime (SALO) or 4-vinylpyridine (VP) or ternary SALO-VP complexes in 2-methoxyethanol (porogen) and copolymerizing in the presence of styrene (monomer), divinylbenzene (cross-linking monomer), and 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (initiator). The resulting materials were then ground and sieved to obtain unleached polymer particles. Leached IIP particles were obtained by leaching the imprint ions with 6.0 M HCl. Control polymer particles were also prepared analogously without the imprint ion. The IIP particles obtained with ternary complex alone gave quantitative removal of uranyl ion in the pH range 3.5-5.0 with as low as 0.08 g. The retention capacity of uranyl IIP particles was found to be 98.50 mg/g of polymer. The present study successfully demonstrates the feasibility of removing uranyl ions selectively in the range 5 microg - 300 mg present in 500 mL of synthetic nuclear power reactor effluent containing a host of other inorganic species.
134 citations
"Recovery and pre-concentration of u..." refers background in this paper
..., 2005) have revealed that uranium recovery using a solid sorbent has the requisite potential to be a promising future method even from lean solutions (Vernon and Shah, 1983; Ladeira et al., 2005; Pal et al., 2006; Preetha et al., 2006)....
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TL;DR: In this article, the recovery of uranium from nuclear industrial effluent has been studied using laboratory column and polymeric ion exchange resin, and the results showed that the use of ion exchange technique makes more than 98% of the uranium possible.
89 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on those applications using chelating polymeric resins containing amidoxime groups as the most promising adsorbent for recovering uranium from seawater.
Abstract: Despite the low concentration of uranium in seawater (3.3 ppb), a special emphasis has been placed on its recovery. Although the concentration is low, it has been estimated that the world's oceans contain about 4 × 109 tons of uranium—theoretically an unlimited supply of nuclear fuel. Adsorption has been considered to be a technically feasible procedure for a uranium recovery process with regard to economic and environmental impacts. The present paper restricts its coverage to those applications using chelating polymeric resins containing amidoxime groups as the most promising adsorbent. ∗Dedicated to Prof. Iwao Tabushi for his endeavors in the field of “recovery of uranium from seawater.”
66 citations
01 Jan 1993
64 citations