Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ant augments the spread of common wildflowers
Citations
58 citations
31 citations
Cites background from "Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..."
...rudis is a keystone mutualist in this and other systems, responsible for the majority of ant-mediated seed dispersal (Zelikova, Dunn & Sanders, 2008; Ness, Morin & Giladi, 2009; Canner et al., 2012)....
[...]
...…PrePrints | https://peerj.com/preprints/137v2/ | v2 received: 13 Dec 2013, published: 13 Dec 2013, doi: 10.7287/peerj.preprints.137v2 P re P ri n ts 11 and other systems, responsible for the majority of ant-mediated seed dispersal (Zelikova et al. 226 2008, Ness et al. 2009, Canner et al. 2012)....
[...]
28 citations
Cites background from "Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..."
...For example, Servigne and Detrain (2010) found that M. rubra removed the majority of seeds of C. majus from artificial nests within 6 h of picking up seeds, whereas Canner et al. (2012) found 6.8% of seeds remained in nests 7 days after seeds were fed to A. rudis colonies in the field....
[...]
...…Florida, 32611, U.S.A. E-mail: priorkm@gmail.com their nests (primary dispersal), remove and feed elaiosomes to larvae inside nests (handling), and then deposit intact seeds in middens inside or outside of nests (secondary dispersal) (Giladi, 2006; Servigne & Detrain, 2010; Canner et al., 2012)....
[...]
...Both of these species secondarily disperse seeds outside their nests in waste piles or middens (Servigne & Detrain, 2010; Canner et al., 2012)....
[...]
24 citations
Cites background from "Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..."
...Seed relocation by ants has received little attention, despite the important implications it can have for the distribution and fate of myrmecochorous seeds (Hughes and Westoby 1992a; Gorb and Gorb 2003; Canner et al. 2012)....
[...]
...…and Detrain 2010), while seeds taken out of nests can be placed on nest mounds (e.g. Davidson and Morton 1981), or relocated to sites some distance away from nest entrances (Berg 1975; Kjellsson 1985; Hughes and Westoby 1992a; Gorb and Gorb 2003; Lubertazzi et al. 2010; Canner et al. 2012)....
[...]
...For example, seed relocation removes seeds from the nest negating any benefits provided by the nest environment (Canner et al. 2012), and may re-expose seeds to risks associated with being on the soil surface (Gomez and Espadaler 1998b)....
[...]
...In addition, seeds discarded from nests often have their elaiosomes removed (Hughes and Westoby 1992a; Gorb and Gorb 2003; Canner et al. 2012), although some ant species discard seeds that still have residual elaiosome attached (Berg 1975; Lopez-Vila and Garcia-Fayos 2005; Servigne and Detrain…...
[...]
...However, seed relocation represents a secondary phase of dispersal (Gorb and Gorb 2003; Canner et al. 2012) and may also facilitate the subsequent redispersal of seeds to other ant nests (Hughes and Westoby 1992a)....
[...]
17 citations
Cites background from "Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..."
...Ants may remove discarded seeds to nearby rubbish heaps (Berg, 1975) or be relocated further distances away from nest entrances (Hughes and Westoby, 1992; Lubertazzi et al., 2010; Canner et al., 2012)....
[...]
...On most occasions, the elaiosome of the discarded seed is removed (Hughes and Westoby, 1992; Canner et al., 2012), which assists with breaking seed dormancy and influence subsequent germination success of species (Pacini, 1990; Lobstein and Rockwood, 1993)....
[...]
References
204 citations
"Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..." refers result in this paper
...In a similar manner to other studies of seed fate within the nest (see Culver and Beattie, 1980; Hanzawa et al., 1988; Heithaus et al., 2005; Hughes and Westoby, 1992), we placed up to 50 marked A. canadense seeds near the nest entrance and observed the seeds’ removal by A. rudis to be sure all…...
[...]
...In a similar manner to other studies of seed fate within the nest (see Culver and Beattie, 1980; Hanzawa et al., 1988; Heithaus et al., 2005; Hughes and Westoby, 1992), we placed up to 50 marked A....
[...]
192 citations
"Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..." refers background in this paper
...Evidence continues to grow that facilitation, and more specifically mutualism, increases biological diversity and shapes the structure of ecological communities (Gross, 2008; Lengyel et al., 2009)....
[...]
181 citations
"Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..." refers background in this paper
...rudis redisperses a majority of seeds, w93%, from the nest at distances comparable to measures of primary dispersal (see Culver and Beattie, 1978; Giladi, 2004; Gómez and Espadaler, 1998; Kalisz et al., 1999; Zelikova et al., 2008)....
[...]
...The reported average distances of primary dispersal distance of seeds by A. rudis range from 50 to 100 cm (Culver and Beattie, 1978; Giladi, 2004; Gómez and Espadaler, 1998; Kalisz et al., 1999; Zelikova et al., 2008)....
[...]
...Overall, the data indicate A. rudis redisperses a majority of seeds, w93%, from the nest at distances comparable to measures of primary dispersal (see Culver and Beattie, 1978; Giladi, 2004; Gómez and Espadaler, 1998; Kalisz et al., 1999; Zelikova et al., 2008)....
[...]
178 citations
"Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..." refers background in this paper
...Elaiosomes have evolved tens of times in themonocots (Dunn et al., 2007) and over a hundred times in the angiosperms more generally (Lengyel et al., 2009, 2010)....
[...]
...Evidence continues to grow that facilitation, and more specifically mutualism, increases biological diversity and shapes the structure of ecological communities (Gross, 2008; Lengyel et al., 2009)....
[...]
177 citations
"Redispersal of seeds by a keystone ..." refers background or methods in this paper
...where I0 is the modified Bessel function of the first kind and zeroth order (Neubert and Parker, 2004; Lewis et al., 2006)....
[...]
...Thenwe can estimate the moment generating function with the directional empirical moment generating function, MENðsÞ ¼ 1 N XN i¼1 I0ðsriÞ; 0 s < N (A.5) where I0 is the modified Bessel function of the first kind and zeroth order (Neubert and Parker, 2004; Lewis et al., 2006)....
[...]
...The dispersal kernel for primary dispersal is the convolution of the autochorous dispersal kernel and the measured initial dispersal kernel of seed dispersal from the parent to the nest (Neubert and Parker, 2004)....
[...]