Regresión a segundo grado: causas y consecuencias
01 Jan 2013-
About: The article was published on 2013-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of parole on reentry and challenge the dominant governmental approach to post-release reentry is analyzed. But, they conclude that parole fails at both of these goals and in fact can sometimes hinder the reentry process.
Abstract: In this paper, I analyze the effect of parole on reentry and challenge the dominant governmental approach to post-release reentry. One of the features of current reentry policy is that many states rely on their parole or post-prison supervision agencies to provide post-release reentry services. In the paper, I argue that the changing nature of parole supervision over the last forty years, specifically the shift from a casework approach to a surveillance approach, should lead policymakers to rethink this approach. Relying on interviews I conducted with people on parole in New York City as well as prior research on parole outcomes, I examine the effect of parole on reentry. Jeremy Travis has argued that reentry has two goals — promoting public safety and promoting reintegration of former prisoners. I conclude that parole fails at both of these goals and in fact can sometimes hinder the reentry process. Accordingly, I argue that parole agencies should not be providing post-release reentry services and suggest an alternative approach for states to consider. In particular, I suggest that reentry outcomes could be improved by separating the surveillance and monitoring aspects of parole from its reentry aspects.
10 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined a therapeutic technical violator program in the state of New Jersey called Halfway Back, and explored the impact of the program through a comparison of recidivism and incarceration costs among random samples of program participants and non-participants.
Abstract: Over the past three decades, concomitant increases in prison population and the use of parole, coupled with a more punitive parole philosophy and fiscal crises at every level of government, have prompted a renewed interest in intermediate sanctions— especially for technical parole violators. A number of jurisdictions have developed intermediate sanctions that are both custodial and therapeutic—but do not involve a return to prison—for technical violators. Despite their growing popularity, little research has examined these technical violator programs, and as a result, basic questions regarding their impact remain unanswered. This article examines a therapeutic technical violator program in the state of New Jersey called Halfway Back. Using a quasiexperimental, retrospective matched groups design, the study explores the impact of the program through a comparison of recidivism and incarceration costs among random samples of program participants (n = 227) and nonparticipants (n = 392). Results suggest that p...
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a sophisticated analysis of data on prisoners released in England and Wales, to determine whether there is any reduction in recidivism which can be ascribed to the process of release on parole is presented.
Abstract: The question "Does parole work?" remains unanswered, as evidenced by moves to abolish or limit it in various jurisdictions. For example, England and Wales has legislation on its statute books which to all intents and purposes abolishes parole. Antipodean jurisdictions have also considered this. Although to date none has yet abolished it, discretionary early release regularly comes under critical scrutiny. This paper attempts to add to the relatively limited literature addressing the question. It reports on a sophisticated analysis of data on prisoners released in England and Wales, to determine whether there is any reduction in recidivism which can be ascribed to the process of release on parole. It finds a small, but consistent, effect in favour of parole, on a number of outcome measures.
21 citations
01 Mar 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a modelo de libertad condicional with caracteristicas of los modelos automaticos and de los discrecionales is presented, with the aim of guaranteeing the desistimiento of delincuentes de alto riesgo.
Abstract: El objeto de este articulo es discutir si el sistema de libertad condicional espanol esta bien
orientado hacia la doble finalidad de reinsercion de las personas condenadas a prision y de
proteccion de la sociedad frente a la comision de nuevos delitos. En el trabajo se muestra, en
primer lugar, que en Espana se tiende a excluir de esta institucion a las personas condenadas con
mayor riesgo de reincidencia. A continuacion se revisa la literatura criminologica sobre
programas de libertad condicional, concluyendo que algunos de ellos son efectivos para
promover el desistimiento de delincuentes de alto riesgo. Posteriormente, teniendo en cuenta la
investigacion empirica existente, se presenta para su discusion un modelo de libertad
condicional con caracteristicas de los modelos automaticos y de los discrecionales, no
excluyente de los delincuentes de alto riesgo, de forma que tambien estos condenados terminen
su condena de manera escalonada. Finalmente, se confronta la propuesta de generalizar el uso
de la libertad condicional con la recientemente presentada por el gobierno espanol basada en
establecer sistemas de control posteriores al cumplimiento de la condena
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed from Canada, Great Britain, and the USA, which suggests that offenders granted parole are reconvicted less than those not so released, and concluded that the most likely explanation is in terms of a treatment effect rather than a consequence of the selection of better risk prisoners alone.
Abstract: Research is reviewed from Canada, Great Britain, and the USA, which suggests that offenders granted parole are reconvicted less than those not so released. The competing explanations for this uniformly observed difference are evaluated. It is concluded that the most likely explanation is in terms of a treatment effect rather than a consequence of the selection of better risk prisoners alone. Something about the grant or process of parole seems to work to reduce reconviction. This could be something as disreputable as the use of delaying tactics to postpone a further conviction until after licence expiry. There could also be a negative effect of parole denial to offset any positive effect of the grant of parole. Research is suggested which would clarify these points. Assuming remaining doubts are resolved in ways favourable to parole, there appears to be some grounds for optimism for parole schemes to develop into criminal justice procedures which have the net effect of crime reduction.
13 citations
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: The presente tesis se aborda el sistema de libertad condicional espanol con referencia a otros sistemas de Libertad Condicional foraneos as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: En la presente tesis se aborda el sistema de libertad condicional espanol con referencia a otros sistemas de liberacion condicional foraneos. Este estudio se realiza desde distintas perspectivas: la historica, la relativa a su justificacion, la juridica y la de aplicacion practica. En primer lugar, desde una perspectiva historica, se trata el nacimiento de distintos sistemas de libertad condicional en el contexto occidental, en los planos cultural, legislativo y de practica penitenciaria. En segundo lugar se realiza una justificacion de la libertad condicional por una parte, acudiendo a las principales doctrinas de justificacion de la pena. Por otra parte, se trata el fundamento de la libertad condicional de acuerdo a la Constitucion espanola de 1978, con especial atencion a los articulo 25.2 y 15 de dicho texto. A continuacion, a luz del fundamento constitucional, se realiza un analisis juridico de la institucion. Finalmente, respecto a la practica de la libertad condicional, se incluye un estudio empirico cuantitativo, en el que se analiza la incidencia de una serie de variables de tipo personal, penal y penitenciario en la concesion de esta medida.
10 citations