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Journal ArticleDOI

Regularities of Changes in the Properties of Silicon Single Crystals under Low-Dose Beta-Irradiation

12 Dec 2013-Russian Physics Journal (Springer US)-Vol. 56, Iss: 8, pp 942-952
TL;DR: In this article, the mechanism of nonmonotonic beta-induced softening of silicon is discussed, and the Hall constant, conductivity, and concentration of electrically active defects are described.
Abstract: Regularities of changes in the mechanical properties (micro- or nanohardness, fracture toughness at indentation, and steady-state creep rate) and electrical characteristics (Hall constant, conductivity, and concentration of electrically active defects) of silicon single crystals under low-dose (F < 1012 cm–2) low-intensity (I ~ 106 cm–2∙s–1) beta-irradiation are described. The mechanism of nonmonotonic beta-induced softening of silicon is discussed.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of low-intensity β radiation on the exfoliation of thin amorphous AlN films from (100)-oriented silicon substrate as a result of scratching with a Berkovich pyramid at a linearly increasing load was studied.
Abstract: We have studied the effect of low-intensity (I ∼ 1.2 × 105 cm−2 s−1) β radiation on the exfoliation of thin amorphous AlN films (with thicknesses on the order of 100 nm) from (100)-oriented silicon substrate as a result of scratching with a Berkovich pyramid at a linearly increasing load. It is established that AlN film beta-irradiated to a fluence of f = 2.16 × 1010 cm−2 exfoliates at about 10% lower load, while the lateral force acting upon the indenter decreases by about 40%. The obtained results can be used for improving the bonding technology and must be taken into account in assessment of the reliability of thin-film structures subjected to (intentional or accidental) electron irradiation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a theory for describing the evolution of the median/radial crack system in the far field of sharp-indenter contacts is developed, based on a model in which the complex elastic/plastic field beneath the indenter is resolved into elastic and residual components.
Abstract: A theory for describing the evolution of the median/radial crack system in the far field of sharp-indenter contacts is developed. Analysis is based on a model in which the complex elastic/plastic field beneath the indenter is resolved into elastic and residual components. The elastic component, being reversible, assumes a secondary role in the fracture process: although it does enhance downward (median) extension during the loading half-cycle, it suppresses surface (radial) extension to the extent that significant growth continues during unloading. The residual component accordingly provides the primary driving force for the crack configuration in the final stages of evolution, where the crack tends to near-half-penny geometry. On the hypothesis that the origin of the irreversible field lies in the accommodation of an expanding plastic hardness impression by the surrounding elastic matrix, the ensuing fracture mechanics relations for equilibrium crack growth are found to involve the ratio hardness-to-modulus as well as toughness. Observations of crack evolution in soda-lime glass provide a suitable calibration of indentation coefficients in these relations. The calibrated equations are then demonstrated to be capable of predicting the widely variable median and radial growth characteristics observed in other ceramic materials. The theory is shown to have a vital bearing on important practical areas of ceramics evaluation, including toughness and strength.

1,862 citations

Book
05 Nov 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, Lane et al. present a detailed overview of various aspects of micro-nodes and their application in data storage applications, including the development of the "Millipede" data-storage system.
Abstract: Foreword by Neal Lane Foreword by James R. Heath Introduction to Nanotechnology.- Part A Nanostructures, Micro- Nanofabrication, and Materials: Nanomaterials Synthesis and Applications: Molecule Based Devices.- Introduction to Carbon Nanotubes.- Nanowires.- Template-Based Growth of Nanorod Arrays.- Three-Dimensional Nanofabrication Using Focused-Ion-Beam Chemical-Vapor-Deposition.- Introduction to Micro/Nanofabrication.- Nanoimprint Lithography.- Stamping Techniques for Micro- Nanofabrication: Methods and Applications.- Materials Aspects of Micro- and Nanoelectromechanical Systems.- Engineering Decentralized Nanoscale Systems.- Nanometer-Scale Thermoelectric Materials.- Nano- and Microstructured Semiconductor Materials for Macroelectronics Part B MEMS/NEMS and BioMEMS/NEMS: Next Generation Microelectronic Array Devices.- MEMS/NEMS Devices and Applications.- Nanomechanical Cantilever Array Sensors.- Therapeutic Nanodevices.- G-protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs).- Microfluids and Lab-on-a-Chip.- Centrifuge-Based Fluidic Platform.- Micro/Nano Droplets in Microfluidic Devices Part C Scanning Probe Microscopy: Scanning Probe Microscopy.- Probes in Scanning Microscopies.- Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy.- Low Temperature Scanning Probe Microscopy.- Higher Harmonic Force Detection in Dynamic Force Microscopy.- Dynamic Modes of Atomic Force Microscopy.- Molecular Recognition Force Microscopy Part D Nanotribology and Nanomechanics: Nanotribology, Nanomechanics, and Materials Characterization.- Surface Forces and Nanorheology of Molecularly Thin Films.- Interfacial Forces and Spectroscopy of Confined Fluids.- Friction and Wear on the Atomic Scale.- Velocity Dependent Nature of Nanoscale Friction, Adhesion and Wear.- Computational Modeling of Nanometer-Scale Friction and Indentation.- Nanoscale Mechanical Properties.- Nanomechanical Properties of Solid Surfaces and Thin Films.-Scale Effects in Mechanical Properties and Tribology.- Mechanics of Biological Nanotechnology.- Characterization of Human Hair.- Mechanical Properties of Nanostructures Part E Molecularly Thick Films for Lubrication: Nanotribology of Ultrathin and Hard Amorphous Carbon Films.- Self-Assembled Monolayers for Controlling Adhesion, Friction, and Wear.- Nanoscale Boundary Lubrication Studies.- Kinetics and Energetics Part F Industrial Applications: The "Millipede" -- A Nanotechnology-Based AFM Data-Storage System.- Nanotechnology for Data Storage Applications.- Microactuators for Dual-Stage Servo Systems in Magnetic Disk Files.- Nanorobotics Part G Micro- Nanodevice Reliability: Nanotribology and Nanomechanics of MEMS/NEMS and BioMEMS/NEMS.- Experimental Characterization Techniques for Micro- Nanoscale Devices.- Failure Mechanisms in MEMS Devices.- Mechanical Properties of Micromachined Structures.- Thermo- and Electromechanical Behavior of Thin-Film Micro- and Nanostructures.- High Volume Manufacturing and Field Stability of MEMS Products.- Packaging and Reliability Issues in Micro- Nano Systems Part H Technological Convergence and Governing Nanotechnology: Technological Convergence from the Nanoscale.- Governing Nanotechnology: Social, Ethical, and Political Issues About the Authors Subject Index

1,263 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed low resistance, refractory ohmic contact materials to n-type GaAs using the deposition and annealing techniques, and it was found that the growth of homo-or hetero-epitaxial intermediate semiconductor layers (ISL) on the GaAs surface was essential for the low resistance Ohmic contact formation.

242 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a change in the macroplastic deformation rate and an increase in the travel distances of edge dislocations are observed in NaCl single crystals placed in crossed dc and rf magnetic fields.
Abstract: A change in the macroplastic deformation rate and an increase in the travel distances of edge dislocations are observed in NaCl single crystals placed in crossed dc and rf magnetic fields. The magnetic-field frequencies at which softening maxima are observed correspond to the resonance frequencies of transitions between Zeeman sublevels in paramagnetic complexes of structural defects.

31 citations