Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of antioxidant enzymes: a significant role for melatonin.
Carmen Rodríguez,Juan C. Mayo,Rosa M. Sainz,Isaac Antolín,Federico Herrera,Vanesa Martín,Russel J. Reiter +6 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This report reviews the studies which document the influence of melatonin on the activity and expression of the antioxidative enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutases and catalase both under physiological and under conditions of elevated oxidative stress and analyses the possible mechanisms by which melatonin regulates these enzymes.Abstract:
Antioxidant enzymes form the first line of defense against free radicals in organisms. Their regulation depends mainly on the oxidant status of the cell, given that oxidants are their principal modulators. However, other factors have been reported to increase antioxidant enzyme activity and/or gene expression. During the last decade, the antioxidant melatonin has been shown to possess genomic actions, regulating the expression of several genes. Melatonin also influences both antioxidant enzyme activity and cellular mRNA levels for these enzymes. In the present report, we review the studies which document the influence of melatonin on the activity and expression of the antioxidative enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutases and catalase both under physiological and under conditions of elevated oxidative stress. We also analyze the possible mechanisms by which melatonin regulates these enzymes.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers.
Russel J. Reiter,Juan C. Mayo,Dun Xian Tan,Rosa M. Sainz,Moisés Alejandro Alatorre-Jiménez,Lilian Qin +5 more
TL;DR: It is the current feeling of the authors that, in view of the widely diverse beneficial functions that have been reported for melatonin, these may be merely epiphenomena of the more fundamental, yet‐to‐be identified basic action(s) of this ancient molecule.
Journal ArticleDOI
Melatonin: Nature's most versatile biological signal?
Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal,V. Srinivasan,Georges J.M. Maestroni,Daniel P. Cardinali,Burkhard Poeggeler,Rüdiger Hardeland +5 more
TL;DR: Melatonin is principally secreted at night and is centrally involved in sleep regulation, as well as in a number of other cyclical bodily activities, and its sleep-facilitating properties have been found to be useful for treating insomnia symptoms in elderly and depressive patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variable cytocompatibility of six cell lines with photoinitiators used for polymerizing hydrogels and cell encapsulation.
Christopher G. Williams,Athar N. Malik,Tae Kyun Kim,Tae Kyun Kim,Paul N. Manson,Jennifer H. Elisseeff +5 more
TL;DR: The photoinitiator Irgacure 2959 is well tolerated by many cell types over a range of mammalian species and cell photoencapsulation strategies may be optimized to improve cell survival by manipulating proliferation rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heavy Metals and Human Health: Mechanistic Insight into Toxicity and Counter Defense System of Antioxidants
TL;DR: A deep understanding of the mechanisms involved in eliciting heavy metals toxicity is provided in order to highlight the necessity for development of strategies to decrease exposure to these metals, as well as to identify substances that contribute significantly to overcome their hazardous effects within the body of living organisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extrapineal melatonin: sources, regulation, and potential functions.
Darío Acuña-Castroviejo,Germaine Escames,Carmen Venegas,María E. Díaz-Casado,Elena Lima-Cabello,Luis C. López,Sergio Rosales-Corral,Dun Xian Tan,Russel J. Reiter +8 more
TL;DR: The presence of melatonin in extrapineal organs, tissues, and fluids of mammals including humans is emphasized and information related to its peripheral production and regulation of this ubiquitously acting indoleamine is compiled.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Reactive oxygen species in living systems: source, biochemistry, and role in human disease.
TL;DR: These various principles will be illustrated by considering several thiol compounds by scavenging biologically important reactive oxygen species by preventing their formation, or by repairing the damage they do.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of antioxidant enzymes in the molecular control of reactive oxygen species toxicology.
TL;DR: This article focuses on the mechanisms by which antioxidants and xenobiotics induce the gene expression of detoxifying enzymes and small molecules that mimic antioxidant enzymes are becoming new tools for the treatment of many diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidants and human disease: some new concepts.
TL;DR: Good evidence now exists for some role of oxidant damage to tissues in the pathology of several human diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, reperfusion injury, immune injury to lung and kidney, and cerebral trauma or ischemia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative damage in the central nervous system: protection by melatonin.
TL;DR: Melatonin has been shown prophylactically to reduce amyloid beta protein toxicity of Alzheimer's disease, to reduce oxidative damage in several models of Parkinson's disease and to protect against glutamate excitotoxicity.