Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of gene expression in industrial fungi: Trichoderma.
Robert L. Mach,Susanne Zeilinger +1 more
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TLDR
This mini-review summarises the considerable amount of data accumulated over the past three decades regarding promoters of genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes, inducer molecules, and models for the recognition of the insoluble substrates cellulose and xylan.Abstract:
The genus Trichoderma comprises a group of filamentous ascomycetes that are now widely used in industrial applications because of their ability to produce extracellular hydrolases in large amounts. In addition, strong inducible promoters together with high secretory capacity have made Trichoderma an attractive host for heterologous protein production. Several promoters of genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes have been investigated in detail regarding their cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors. Potent inducer molecules, for both xylanolytic and cellulolytic enzyme systems, have been identified and characterized. Furthermore, models for the recognition of the insoluble substrates cellulose and xylan have been developed based on a large set of experiments. This mini-review summarises the considerable amount of data accumulated over the past three decades.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Outlook for cellulase improvement: screening and selection strategies.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review quantitative cellulase activity assays using soluble and insoluble substrates, and focus on their advantages and limitations, and hypothesize that continuous culture using insoluble cellulosic substrates could be a powerful selection tool for enriching beneficial cellulase mutants from the large library displayed on the cell surface.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains
TL;DR: The genus Trichoderma comprises a great number of fungal strains that act as biological control agents, the antagonistic properties of which are based on the activation of multiple mechanisms, such as plant growth factors, hydrolytic enzymes, siderophores, antibiotics, and carbon and nitrogen permeases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biology and biotechnology of Trichoderma
André Schuster,Monika Schmoll +1 more
TL;DR: This review aims to give a broad overview on the qualities and versatility of the best studied Trichoderma species and to highlight intriguing findings as well as promising applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional regulation of plant cell wall degradation by filamentous fungi
TL;DR: This review summarises the current knowledge on the transcriptional regulation, focusing on the recently characterized transcription factors that regulate genes coding for enzymes involved in the breakdown of plant cell wall biopolymers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xyr1 (Xylanase Regulator 1) Regulates both the Hydrolytic Enzyme System and d-Xylose Metabolism in Hypocrea jecorina
TL;DR: Examination of the growth behavior of the different mutant strains of the H. jecorina genome pointed to the strongly reduced ability of the xyr1 deletion strain to utilize d-xylose and xylan, and transcriptional regulation of the major hydrolytic enzyme-encoding genes xyn1 and xyn2, cbh1 and cbh2, and egl1 (endoglucanase 1 and 2) is strictly dependent on Xyr1.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of cellulase gene expression in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei.
TL;DR: RNA slot blot experiments showed that no expression could be observed on glucose-containing medium and that high glucose levels abolish the inducing effect of sophorose, showing that distinct and clear-cut mechanisms of induction and glucose repression regulate cellulase expression in an actively growing fungus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Yeast MIG1 repressor is related to the mammalian early growth response and Wilms' tumour finger proteins.
J. O. Nehlin,H. Ronne +1 more
TL;DR: Cloned a yeast gene is cloned, MIG1, which encodes a C2H2 zinc finger protein involved in glucose repression, which closely resemble the sequence recognized by the Egr proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Cloning of Exo–Cellobiohydrolase I Derived from Trichoderma Reesei Strain L27
Sharon P. Shoemaker,Vicky Schweickart,Martha B. Ladner,David Harrow Gelfand,Shirley Kwok,Kenneth B. Myambo,Michael A. Innis +6 more
TL;DR: The molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding exo–cellobiohydrolase I of Trichoderma reesei strain L27 is reported and it is found to contain a 10 bp sequence, CAGCT–GACTG, that is homologous to a sequence necessary for splicing of introns in yeast2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Homologous domains in Trichoderma reesei cellulolytic enzymes: gene sequence and expression of cellobiohydrolase II.
TL;DR: A short region of extensive homology is found in all Trichoderma cellulases characterized so far, suggesting that this region is important for cellulose hydrolysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The transcriptional activator XlnR regulates both xylanolytic and endoglucanase gene expression in Aspergillus niger
Noël Nicolaas Maria Elisabeth Van Peij,Marco M. C. Gielkens,Ronald P. de Vries,Jaap Visser,Leo H. de Graaff +4 more
TL;DR: Genetic expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in xylan degradation and two endoglucanases involved in cellulose degradation was studied at the mRNA level in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger, indicating that transcriptional regulation by XlnR goes beyond the genes encoding xylanolytic enzymes and includes regulation of two endglucanase-encoding genes.
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