Regulatory T cells in the central nervous system.
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...preventing autoimmunity and by dampening or quenching anti-microbial immune responses that can harm the organism if they become exaggerated, or are unnecessary after infection has been cleared (159)....
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...In addition, depletion of Foxp3+ Treg cells decreased threshold of antigen required for the development of EAE and prevented efficient recovery, inversely, transfer of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells reduced disease severity in EAE [8]....
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References
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"Regulatory T cells in the central n..." refers background in this paper
...Although depletion of the Treg population inhibits recovery of the animals (147), their suppressive ability remains unclear: Tregs taken from one model at peak of disease were unable to suppress CNS-derived effector T cells (146) but from another, CNS-derived Tregs taken from the 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S 162 Immunological Reviews 248/2012 CNS during the recovery phase of EAE could suppress MOGspecific IFNc, but not IL-17 in vitro (148)....
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...We and others (53–55) have observed human Tregs capable of releasing the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17, and non-regulatory cells that are CD25+CD127low have also been described that secrete either IFNc or IL-17 (38, 56)....
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...This recruitment has been shown to be driven by CCL2 and CCL22 secreted by the tumor and macrophages in both glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and ovarian cancer (149, 153), but the presence of Tregs is secondary to the release of CCL2, implying that Tregs may be necessary for the growth of tumors, but not their initial establishment (160)....
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...Recently, we showed that FoxP3+ Tregs were capable of producing IFNc ex vivo and that there was a higher frequency of these cells in untreated patients with RRMS as compared with healthy controls (136) (Fig....
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...In ovarian cancer, a decreased ratio of CD8 T cells to Tregs in tumors is correlated with poor prognosis, and Tregs are able to inhibit tumor infiltrating T cells by reducing production of IL-12 and IFNc (149)....
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...This identification of risk alleles for MS has only been possible in the years following the complete sequencing of the human genome and the publication of the Haplotype Map (Hapmap) (109, 110)....
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