Relación entre la composión de la escuela y las características de su proceso, y su efecto en el rendimiento matemático / Relationship between school composition and characteristics of school process and their effect on mathematics achievement
18 Oct 2001-Iss: 4, pp 73-110
TL;DR: The authors explored the relationship between school composition and characteristics of school process and investigated their effect on mathematics achievement in Belgian (Flemish) secondary education by means of multilevel analysis.
Abstract: Este estudio explora la relacion entre la composicion de la escuela y las caracteristicas de su proceso e investiga su efecto en el rendimiento matematico en la educacion secundaria belga flamenca a traves de un analisis multinivel. El estudio confirma que hay importantes relaciones entre las variables de la composicion de la escuela y las del proceso escolar en la educacion secundaria. Los analisis del efecto de ambas variables en el rendimiento revelan que estas tienen importantes efectos aislados y combinados en el rendimiento independientemente de la habilidad inicial . This study explores the relationship between school composition and characteristics of school process and investigates their effect on mathematics achievement in Belgian (Flemish) secondary education by means of multilevel analysis. The study confirms that there are relationships between school composition and school process variables in secondary education. The analyses of the effect of both variables on achievement revealed that these variables have important net and joint effects on achievement independent of initial ability.
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TL;DR: There has been much agreement on the many features fostering school effectiveness as discussed by the authors, however, questions remain on how to bring about desired changes and the largely unanswered questions that matter for policy and practice.
382 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between school SES and student outcomes by asking two research questions: 1) how does the association vary for students of different socioeconomic backgrounds? In other words, is the association stronger for students from lower SES backgrounds than for higher SES background? 2) How does the relationship vary across schools with different socioeconomic compositions? In particular, are increases in school socioeconomic composition consistently associated with increases in student academic achievement?
Abstract: Background/Context: It is well established in the research literature that socioeconomically disadvantaged students and schools do less well on standardized measures of academic achievement compared with their more advantaged peers. Although studies in numerous countries have shown that the socioeconomic profile of a school is strongly correlated with student outcomes, less is understood about how the relationship may vary if both individual student and school socioeconomic status (SES) are disaggregated.
Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: This study examines the relationship between school SES and student outcomes in more detail by asking two research questions. First, how does the association vary for students of different socioeconomic backgrounds? In other words, is the association stronger for students from lower SES backgrounds than for students from higher SES backgrounds ? Second, how does the association vary across schools with different socioeconomic compositions? In other words, are increases in school socioeconomic composition consistently associated with increases in student academic achievement?
Population/Participants/Subjects: This study uses data from the Australian 2003 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The sample includes over 320 secondary schools and more than 12,000 students from Australia. Research Design: This study is a secondary analysis of data from the Australian 2003 PISA. Descriptive statistics are used to compare the average reading mathematics, and science achievement of secondary school students from different SES backgrounds in a variety of school SES contexts.
Conclusions: The two main findings of the study are that increases in the mean SES of a school are associated with consistent increases in students' academic achievement, and that this relationship is similar for all students regardless of their individual SES. In the Australian case, the socio-economic composition of the school matters greatly in terms of students' academic performance.
316 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an empirical analysis of the socioeconomic status (SES) school segregation in Chile, whose educational system is regarded as an extreme case of a market-oriented education, and study the relationship between some local educational market dynamics and the observed magnitude of SES school segregation at municipal level.
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical analysis of the socioeconomic status (SES) school segregation in Chile, whose educational system is regarded as an extreme case of a market-oriented education. The study estimated the magnitude and evolution of the SES segregation of schools at both national and local levels, and it studied the relationship between some local educational market dynamics and the observed magnitude of SES school segregation at municipal level. The main findings were: first, the magnitude of the SES segregation of both lowSES and high-SES students in Chile was very high (Duncan Index ranged from 0.50 to 0.60 in 2008); second, during the last decade, SES school segregation tended to slightly increase in Chile, especially in high schools (both public and private schools); third, private schools – including voucher schools – were more segregated than public schools for both low-SES and high-SES students; and finally, some market dynamics operating in the Chilean education (like privatization, school choice, and fee-paying) accounted for a relevant proportion of the observed variation in SES school segregation at municipal level. These findings are analyzed from an educational policy perspective in which the link between SES school segregation and market-oriented mechanisms in education plays a fundamental role.
299 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of teacher characteristics (gender, teacher education and certification, class management skills and job satisfaction) and teaching styles on indicators of good classroom practice in mathematics classes in secondary education by means of multilevel analysis.
277 citations
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the homogenisierung of Schulergruppen is discussed, i.e. homogenisation of Schulerinnen and Schuler nach Leistungsgesichtspunkten.
Abstract: Sichtbarstes Ergebnis der Gliederung eines Systems in Schulformen, auf die sich Schulerinnen und Schuler nach Leistungsgesichtspunkten verteilen, ist die Homogenisierung von Schulergruppen. Hinsichtlich der Leistung ist diese Wirkung nicht nur erwunscht, sondern eigentlicher Sinn der Masnahme. Dem liegt die Vorstellung zu Grunde, Unterricht konne in relativ homogenen Leistungsgruppen besser auf Schulervoraussetzungen abgestimmt und damit zum Zwecke der Forderung aller optimiert werden. Da Schulleistungen aber auch mit der Sozialschichtzugehorigkeit kovariieren, ist mit der Verteilung auf institutionell getrennte Bildungsgange immer auch die soziale Trennung von Schulerinnen und Schulern verbunden. Soziale Segregation ist die Kehrseite institutioneller Leistungsdifferenzierung (Baumert, Trautwein, & Artelt 2003). Dies gilt auch, wenn Schulerinnen und Schuler in nicht gegliederten Systemen innerhalb einer einzelnen Schule auf Zuge verteilt werden oder nach Leistung differenzierte Kurse wahlen (Heck, Price, & Thomas, 2004; Oakes & Wells, 1996; Oakes u.a., 1990).
276 citations
References
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03 Mar 1992TL;DR: The Logic of Hierarchical Linear Models (LMLM) as discussed by the authors is a general framework for estimating and hypothesis testing for hierarchical linear models, and it has been used in many applications.
Abstract: Introduction The Logic of Hierarchical Linear Models Principles of Estimation and Hypothesis Testing for Hierarchical Linear Models An Illustration Applications in Organizational Research Applications in the Study of Individual Change Applications in Meta-Analysis and Other Cases Where Level-1 Variances are Known Three-Level Models Assessing the Adequacy of Hierarchical Models Technical Appendix
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TL;DR: In this paper, a remarkable account of what goes on in schools, and what the effects are likely to be, is given, which is vital reading for all those professionally involved in teaching.
Abstract: Fifteen Thousand Hours gives a remarkable account of what goes on in schools, and what the effects are likely to be. It is vital reading for all those professionally involved in teaching.
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01 Apr 1997
TL;DR: This book defines the concepts of school and educational analysis and demonstrates the scope and range of application of the concept of school effectiveness through modelling and theoretical interpretation of educational effectiveness.
Abstract: Offers an analysis of the knowledge base on educational effectiveness This book defines the concepts of school and educational analysis It demonstrates the scope and range of application of the concept of school effectiveness It focuses on modelling and theoretical interpretation of educational effectiveness
1,243 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors combine meta-analytic and narrative reviews to evaluate the effects of between-and within-class ability grouping on the achievement of elementary school students and find that ability grouping is maximally effective when done for only one or two subjects, with students remaining in heterogeneous classes most of the day; when it greatly reduces student heterogeneity in a specific skill; when group assignments are...
Abstract: This article reviews research on the effects of between- and within-class ability grouping on the achievement of elementary school students. The review technique—best-evidence synthesis—combines features of meta-analytic and narrative reviews. Overall, evidence does not support assignment of students to self-contained classes according to ability (median effect size [ES] = .00), but grouping plans involving cross-grade assignment for selected subjects can increase student achievement. Research particularly supports the Joplin Plan, cross-grade ability grouping for reading only (median ES = +.45). Within-class ability grouping in mathematics is also found to be instructionally effective (median ES = +.34). Analysis of effects of alternative grouping methods suggests that ability grouping is maximally effective when done for only one or two subjects, with students remaining in heterogeneous classes most of the day; when it greatly reduces student heterogeneity in a specific skill; when group assignments are...
941 citations