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Journal ArticleDOI

Relationship between seasonal cambial activity, development of xylem and phenology in Azadirachta indica growing in different forests of Gujarat State

01 Aug 2001-Annals of Forest Science (EDP Sciences)-Vol. 58, Iss: 6, pp 691-698
TL;DR: Seasonal cycle of cambial activity was compared among the trees of Azadirachta indica growing in Moist Deciduous (MDF), Dry Decidulent (DDF) and Scrub land Forest (SF) of Gujarat State and vascular cambium was discussed in relation to phenology and local climatic conditions.
Abstract: Seasonal cycle of cambial activity was compared among the trees of Azadirachta indica growing in Moist Deciduous (MDF), Dry Deciduous (DDF) and Scrub land Forest (SF) of Gujarat State. Radial growth occurred in two growth flushes in MDF and DDF. Cambial cell divisions in MDF started in February and June resulting maximal radial growth in August-September when the rains were heavy and ceased in January and May during the drier part of the year. In DDF the first flush of growth commenced in January with maximal xylem development in April and ceased in May. The second flush of cambial activity began in June with the arrival of rains, reached peak in October and ceased in December. Cambium was active throughout the year in SF and attained its peak activity thrice i.e. in February, July and October. With complete maturation of leaves in November, the cell divisions were rather slow in MDF and SF whereas no divisions were encountered in DDF. Cambial rays exhibited large intercellular spaces during drier months in all the three fo- rests. Seasonal behavior of vascular cambium was discussed in relation to phenology and local climatic conditions.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The relationship between seasonal cambial activity, xylem and phloem development, and phenology in Schizolobium parahyba, a fast growing semideciduous seasonal forest tree from southeastern Brazil, is described.
Abstract: The cambial activity and periodicity of secondary xylem and phloem formation have been less studied in tropical tree species than in temperate ones. This paper describes the relationship between seasonal cambial activity, xylem and phloem development, and phenology in Schizolobium parahyba, a fast growing semideciduous seasonal forest tree from southeastern Brazil. From 2002 to 2003, wood samples were collected periodically and phenology and climate were recorded monthly in the same period. S. parahyba forms annual growth increments in wood, delimited by narrow initial parenchyma bands. The reduction of the cambial activity to a minimum correlates to the dry season and leaf fall. The higher cambial activity correlates to the wet season and the presence of mature leaves. In phloem, a larger conductive region was observed in the wet season, when the trees were in full foliage. The secondary phloem did not exhibit any incremental zone marker; however, we found that the axial parenchyma tends to form irregular bands.

72 citations


Cites background from "Relationship between seasonal cambi..."

  • ...…1980a, b; Dave and Rao 1982; Deshpande and Rajendrababu 1985; Ajmal and Iqbal 1987; Iqbal and Ghouse 1987; Venugopal and Krishnamurthy 1987; Rajput and Rao 1998; Rao and Rajput 1999, 2000, 2001; Rajput and Rao 2001; Venugopal and Liangkuwang 2007), but are relatively scarce for Brazilian species....

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01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: The seasonal formation pattern and microstructure of teak xylem suggest that AXGRs and XGZs can be used as proxies for analyses of the tree history and climate at annual and intra-annual resolution.
Abstract: s. Birmensdorf: Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL. Hacke UG, Sperry JS, Pockman WT, Davis SD, MFCulloh KA. 2001. Trends in wood density and structure are linked to prevention of xylem implosion by negative pressure. Oecologia 126: 457–461. IAWA (International Association of Wood Anatomists) Committee. 1989. IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bulletin, New Series 10: 219 – 329. Jacoby GC, D’Arrigo RD. 1990. Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.), a tropical species of large-scale dendroclimatic potential. Dendrochronologia 8:

51 citations


Cites background from "Relationship between seasonal cambi..."

  • ...Similar phloem differentiation patterns in relation to the phenology were reported for other tropical species in seasonal climates (Rao and Rajput, 2001; Marcati et al., 2008)....

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  • ...…of the climate have been reported for a number of tropical species in Asia and America (Venugopal and Krishnamurthy, 1987a, b; Fujii et al., 1999; Rao and Rajput, 2001; Worbes, 2002; Yáñez-Espinosa et al., 2006; Venugopal and Liangkuwang 2007; Marcati et al., 2006, 2008) as well as in Africa…...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the structural variations of tree rings and their periodicity of formation are known, which can be used to carry carbon sequestration and climate information in the tropics.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was evident that the monthly mean minimum temperature plays an important role for the cambial activity and xylem production rather than influence by rainfall and relative humidity in D. indica L. (Dilleniaceae) growing in sub-tropical wet forest of Meghalaya state, India.
Abstract: The interrelationship between phenological events, climatic factors, periodicity of cambial activity and seasonal production of xylem was examined in Dillenia indica L. (Dilleniaceae) growing in sub-tropical wet forest of Meghalaya state, India. The reactivation of cambial activity was seen in the first week of May, 15 days after sprouting of new leaves and buds. The activity of cambium and xylem production gradually declined toward December and ceased from January to April end. There was correlation between leaf fall and cambial dormancy. It was evident from the correlation and regression analysis, the relationship between cambial activity, xylem production with climatic factors, the monthly mean minimum temperature plays an important role for the cambial activity and xylem production rather than influence by rainfall and relative humidity in D. indica L. The data were discussed in the light of cambial activity, xylem production and phenological events.

44 citations


Cites background from "Relationship between seasonal cambi..."

  • ...…1939, 1940, 1941; Koriba 1958; de Alvim 1964; Fahn et al. 1968; Amobi 1974; Ghouse and Hashmi 1978; Denne and Dodds 1981; Dave and Rao 1982; Venugopal 1986; Venugopal and Krishnamurthy 1987; Creber and Chaloner 1990; Larson 1994; Priya and Bhat 1999; Borchert 1999; Rao and Rajput 2001a, b)....

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  • ...…phenology have been studied in Azardiracta indica L. (Meliaceae) (Rao and Rajput 2001a, b); Tectona grandis L.f (Berlage 1931; Rao and Dave 1981; Venugopal and Krishnamurthy 1987; Rao and Rajput 2001a, b, 1999; Priya and Bhatt 1999); Acacia nilotica (L.) Del., Albizzia lebbeck Benth....

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  • ...Cambial activity, development of xylem Springer and phenology have been studied in Azardiracta indica L. (Meliaceae) (Rao and Rajput 2001a, b); Tectona grandis L.f (Berlage 1931; Rao and Dave 1981; Venugopal and Krishnamurthy 1987; Rao and Rajput 2001a, b, 1999; Priya and Bhatt 1999); Acacia…...

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  • ...Rainfall probably is an important factor only in the regions where the soil moisture content is dependent on rainfall (Rao and Rajput 2000, 2001a, b)....

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  • ...(Anacardiaceae) (Fahn and Werker 1990), as well as the tropical species Tectona grandis L.f (Rao and Dave 1981; Venugopal and Krishnamurthy 1987; Priya and Bhat 1999; Rao and Rajput 2001a, b)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that classical dendrochronological methods (ring width measurements) should not be applied to A. marina (from Kenya) and more than one cambium was found to be simultaneously active.

42 citations


Cites background from "Relationship between seasonal cambi..."

  • ...was mentioned to be determined by endogenous as well as some external factors like water supply and temperature (Rao and Rajput, 2001)....

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  • ...This is consistent with the frequent observation of a continuous cambial activity in tropical trees (see Sass et al., 1995; Rao and Rajput, 2001; Verheyden et al., 2004b)....

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  • ...Likewise, the regulation of the cambial activity in Azadirachta indica A. Juss. was mentioned to be determined by endogenous as well as some external factors like water supply and temperature (Rao and Rajput, 2001)....

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References
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Book
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: The vascular cambium, a lateral meristem responsible for the radical growth of woody plants, has long been a subject for active research in both temperate and tropical regions.
Abstract: The vascular cambium, a lateral meristem responsible for the radical growth of woody plants, has long been a subject for active research in both temperate and tropical regions. This work provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of the vascular cambium and represents an up-to-date review of the knowledge accumulated over the last twenty years. Chapters cover origin and development of cambial cells, phenomena of orientation in the cambium, seasonal and environmental influences on cambial activity. There is also a discussion of the evolution of the cambium in geologic time.

47 citations


"Relationship between seasonal cambi..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Temperature is known to play important role in activating the cambium [13, 29]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
15 Dec 1975-Botany
TL;DR: It was demonstrated that increasing the internal water stress increased the level of endogenous ABA in the phloem–cambial region of bark peelings and decreased the basipetal movement of [14C]IAA through branch sections.
Abstract: In experiments with attached and detached shoots of balsam fir, Abies balsamea L., synthetic (±)abscisic acid (ABA) (1) reduced photosynthesis and transpiration by inducing stomatal closure, (2) inhibited indoleacetic acid (IAA) - induced cambial activity in photosynthesizing and non-photosynthesizing shoots, and (3) inhibited the basipetal movement of [14C]IAA. Neither gibberellic acid nor kinetin counteracted the inhibitory effect of (±)ABA on IAA-induced cambial activity. In addition it was demonstrated that increasing the internal water stress increased the level of endogenous ABA in the phloem–cambial region of bark peelings and decreased the basipetal movement of [14C]IAA through branch sections. On the basis of these findings it is proposed that internal water stress inhibits cambial activity, partly through increasing the level of ABA; the ABA acts to decrease the provision of carbohydrates and auxin that are required for cambial growth.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two typical shrubs of the "matorral" in the semiarid region of central Chile, Proustia cuneifolia and Acacia caven, have different adaptive strategies to the same xerophytic conditions.
Abstract: A B S T R A C T The annual rhythm of cambial activity is compared in Proustia cuneifolia and Acacia caven, two typical shrubs of the "matorral" in the semiarid region of central Chile. Proustia, a drought deciduous shrub, shows a typical desert cambial rhythm, highly sensitive to rainfall. The growth activity of this species is limited to the periods of adequate moisture. Acacia is an evergreen whose cambial activity is observed almost throughout the year; it is not synchronous with rainfall. Adaptation in this species seems to consist in developing long roots able to tap underground water. These results indicate that both shrubs, although growing together, have different adaptive strategies to the same xerophytic conditions. THE STUDY of the adaptations of plants to the

38 citations


"Relationship between seasonal cambi..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Cambial growth of woody plants is exceedingly sensitive to and inhibited by water deficits [2, 15]....

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  • ...Similar behavior of cambium has been noticed in Acaciaspecies growing in desert conditions [2, 12]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Seasonal variations in the activity of vascular cambium have been investigated in Gmelina ar­ borea from January 1978 to December 1978, finding that cambial activity is most active in August when the tree is with mature foliage and rainfall is highest.
Abstract: Summary Seasonal variations in the activity of vascular cambium have been investigated in Gmelina ar­ borea from January 1978 to December 1978. The cambium is nonstoried and comprises elon­ gated fusifonn initials and isodiametric ray ini­ tials. Cambial activity initiates in the first week of March, reaches a peak in August, then de­ clines and ceases in November. The cambial zone shows marked periodical ·changes and be­ comes 4-9-layered during the dormant period (January - February; November- December) and 4-20-layered during the active period (March-October). The initiation of cambial activity is closely associated with the emer­ gence of new crops of leaves occurring in two distinct flushes. The cambium is most active in August when the tree is with mature foliage and rainfall is highest. Dormant cambium is noticed when defoliation takes place during the dry months. The differentiation of xylem and phloem starts simultaneously and the number of their immature elements reaches a maximum in August. The variations in the mean length of fusiform initials show a close relationship with that of xylem fibres.

36 citations


"Relationship between seasonal cambi..." refers background in this paper

  • ...But in many tropical species cambium remains active for the major part [9, 11, 27] or throughout the year [8, 10]....

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  • ...Seasonal behavior of vascular cambium in temperate species has been studied widely than tropical ones but relevant studies have been made by earlier workers [1, 8, 9, 22, 26, 29]....

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  • ...However, in tropical trees the period of activity is relatively longer, where the radial growth continues either throughout the year [9, 10] or for the major part of the year [7, 9, 11, 29]....

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Journal ArticleDOI

32 citations


"Relationship between seasonal cambi..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Similar behavior of cambium has been noticed in Acaciaspecies growing in desert conditions [2, 12]....

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  • ...Similar observations are also made by Fahn et al. (1968)....

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  • ...It seems true that the effect of buds and new leaves on cambial activity is considered to be more local in evergreen trees than deciduous ones [12]....

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