Relationship between seasonal plasma estradiol-17 beta and testosterone levels and in vitro production by ovarian follicles of amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus).
01 Sep 1983-Biology of Reproduction (Society for the Study of Reproduction)-Vol. 29, Iss: 2, pp 301-309
TL;DR: The seasonal pattern of plasma testosterone levels lagged behind and followed that of estradiol-17 beta during vitellogenesis, but levels remained high in mature and ovulated fish, and GSI values showed a linear increase, and reached a peak in October.
Abstract: Plasma estradiol-17 beta and testosterone levels were assessed by radioimmunoassay during the sexual maturation of female amago salmon (Oncorhynchus rhodurus). Estradiol-17 beta levels gradually increased during vitellogenesis (June to September), reached a peak in September (about 16 ng/ml) and rapidly decreased in mature and ovulated fish (about 3-4 ng/ml) in October. The seasonal pattern of plasma testosterone levels lagged behind and followed that of estradiol-17 beta during vitellogenesis, but levels remained high in mature and ovulated fish (90-110 ng/ml). Estradiol-17 beta levels and the gonadosomatic index (GSI) values correlated well during vitellogenesis: GSI values showed a linear increase, and reached a peak (29.9 +/- 1.4) in October. Values were extremely low in ovulated fish (1.2 +/- 0.2). In vitro production of estradiol-17 beta and testosterone by ovarian follicles in response to partially purified chinook salmon gonadotropin (SG-G100) was examined monthly using 18-h incubations. Throughout the vitellogenic period SG-G100 stimulated both estradiol-17 beta and testosterone production: the steroidogenic response of follicles increased from June (about 2 ng/ml estradiol-17 beta; 0.1 ng/ml testosterone) to September (about 10 and 14 ng/ml, respectively). In October full-grown immature follicles which could be induced to mature in vitro by hormone treatment produced large amounts of testosterone (about 130 ng/ml) but not estradiol-17 beta. Postovulatory follicles also produced testosterone but the values were low (10 ng/ml) compared with full-grown immature follicles. Very low levels of estradiol-17 beta were produced by postovulatory follicles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that the onset of sexual maturation and gonadal steroid production may contribute to sexually dimorphic cortisol responses in vitro.
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Cites background from "Relationship between seasonal plasm..."
...Full activation of the HPI axis may be partially prevented by direct suppression of steroidogenesis at the level of the interrenal, until E2 levels fall upon completion of vitellogenesis (Kagawa et al., 1983; Scott et al., 1983; Slater et al., 1994)....
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TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that the inhibitory effects of elevated temperature on E2 and Vtg synthesis, and subsequent egg development found in the present and earlier studies, arise at least partly, from temperature modulation of P450arom.
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Cites background from "Relationship between seasonal plasm..."
...…generally retards vitellogenesis and oocyte growth (Mackay and Lazier, 1993) but the effect of high temperature is more variable and depends on species, reproductive stage (Kagawa et al., 1983; Khan et al., 1999) and the regulatory factors involved at each stage (Van Der Kraak and Pankhurst, 1997)....
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...Low temperature generally retards vitellogenesis and oocyte growth (Mackay and Lazier, 1993) but the effect of high temperature is more variable and depends on species, reproductive stage (Kagawa et al., 1983; Khan et al., 1999) and the regulatory factors involved at each stage (Van Der Kraak and Pankhurst, 1997)....
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TL;DR: The results indicate that the Japanese whiting possesses a diurnal rhythm of oocyte development including vitellogenesis, oocyte maturation and ovulation, and suggest that daily cycles in oocyte growth and maturation which simultaneously take place in an ovary are regulated by diurnal secretions of estradiol-17β and the maturation-inducing steroid, 17α,20β-diOHprog.
Abstract: Ovarian developmental stages and serum steroid hormone levels were examined at six different times of day (0100, 0600, 1000, 1300, 1600, 2000 h) in a marine teleost, the Japanese whiting Sillago japonica, which has an asynchronous-type ovary containing oocytes at various stages of development and spawns every day during a period ranging up to three months. The largest oocytes in the ovaries at the active vitellogenic or post-vitellogenic stages were found between 0100 and 1300 h. Oocyte maturation indicated by germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) occurred at 1600 h, and ovulated oocytes were observed in the ovaries collected at 2000 h. These processes were accompanied by a significant daily change in serum steroid hormone levels. The serum level of estradiol-17β showed a peak in fish with mature oocytes sampled at 1600 h. In these fish, the second-largest oocytes in the ovaries were at the initial stage of vigorous vitellogenesis, the secondary yolk stage. Therefore the highest level of serum estradiol-17β was considered to be due to the second-largest oocytes. Testosterone levels remained low and constant throughout the experimental period. The serum levels of 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α,20β-diOHprog) peaked at 1600 h at which time all fish had mature oocytes. These results indicate that the Japanese whiting possesses a diurnal rhythm of oocyte development including vitellogenesis, oocyte maturation and ovulation, and further suggest that daily cycles in oocyte growth and maturation which simultaneously take place in an ovary are regulated by diurnal secretions of estradiol-17β and the maturation-inducing steroid, 17α,20β-diOHprog.
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