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Journal Article•DOI•

Relationship between thylakoid electron transport and photosynthetic CO2 uptake in leaves of three maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids

Hugh J. Earl1, Matthijs Tollenaar2•
University of Georgia1, University of Guelph2
01 Dec 1998-Photosynthesis Research (Kluwer Academic Publishers)-Vol. 58, Iss: 3, pp 245-257
TL;DR: Under steady-state conditions, a linear relationship between ETR and AG was observed, although a slight deviation from linearity was apparent at low AG, suggesting that chlorophyll fluorometry can be used as the basis of a fair comparison of leaf photosynthetic rates among different maize cultivars.
Abstract: The introduction of a more efficient means of measuring leaf photosynthetic rates under field conditions may help to clarify the relationship between single leaf photosynthesis and crop growth rates of commercial maize hybrids. A large body of evidence suggests that gross photosynthesis (AG) of maize leaves can be accurately estimated from measurements of thylakoid electron transport rates (ETR) using chlorophyll fluorescence techniques. However, before this technique can be adopted, it will first be necessary to determine how the relationship between chlorophyll fluorescence and CO2 assimilation is affected by the non-steady state PPFD conditions which predominate in the field. Also, it must be determined if the relationship is stable across different maize genotypes, and across phenological stages. In the present work, the relationship between ETR and AG was examined in leaves of three maize hybrids by making simultaneous measurements of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, both under controlled environment conditions and in the field. Under steady-state conditions, a linear relationship between ETR and AG was observed, although a slight deviation from linearity was apparent at low AG. This deviation may arise from an error in the assumption that respiration in illuminated leaves is equivalent to respiration in darkened leaves. The relationship between chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic CO2 assimilation was not stable during fluctuations in incident PPFD. Since even minor (e.g. 20%) fluctuations in incident PPFD can produce sustained ( > 20 s) departures from the mean relationship between ETR and AG, chlorophyll fluorometry can only provide an accurate estimate of actual CO2 assimilation rates under relatively stable PPFD conditions. In the field, the mean value of ETR / AG during the early part of the season (4.70 ± 0.07) was very similar to that observed in indoor-grown plants in the vegetative stage (4.60 ± 0.09); however, ETR / AG increased significantly over the growing season, reaching 5.00 ± 0.09 by the late grain-filling stage. Differences in ETR / AG among the three genotypes examined were small (less than 1% of the mean) and not statistically significant, suggesting that chlorophyll fluorometry can be used as the basis of a fair comparison of leaf photosynthetic rates among different maize cultivars.
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Effects of drought on photosynthesis in grapevines under field conditions: an evaluation of stomatal and mesophyll limitations.

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Jaume Flexas, Josefina Bota, José Mariano Escalona, Bartolomé Sampol, Hipólito Medrano 
22 Apr 2002-Functional Plant Biology
TL;DR: The apparent carboxylation efficiency and the compensation point for CO2 remained unchanged under severe drought when analysed on a Cc, rather than a Ci, basis, suggesting that previously reported metabolic impairment was probably due to decreased gmes.
Abstract: The effect of diffusional and photochemical limitations to photosynthesis was assessed in field-grown water-stressed grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) by combined measurements of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence. Drought was slowly induced, and the progressive decline of photosynthesis was examined in different grapevine cultivars along a continuous gradient of maximum mid-morning values of stomatal conductance (g), which were used as an integrative indicator of the water-stress conditions endured by the leaves. Initial decreases of g were accompanied by decreases of substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci), the estimated chloroplastic CO2 concentration (Cc) and net photosynthesis (AN), while electron transport rate (ETR) remained unaffected. With increasing drought, g, AN, Ci and Cc further decreased, accompanied by slight decreases of ETR and of the estimated mesophyll conductance (gmes). Severe drought led to strong reductions of both g and gmes, as well as of ETR. The apparent carboxylation efficiency and the compensation point for CO2 remained unchanged under severe drought when analysed on a Cc, rather than a Ci, basis, suggesting that previously reported metabolic impairment was probably due to decreased gmes.

635 citations

Cites background or methods from "Relationship between thylakoid elec..."

  • ...…errors in the determination of RD are important for the estimation of AG and gmes (Harley et al. 1992), the method used here for the determination of RD is commonly used and assumed to be accurate (Oberhuber and Edwards 1993; Loreto et al. 1994; Delfine et al. 1998; Earl and Tollenaar 1998)....

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  • ...Overall, the validity of all the assumptions discussed can be tested by the values of the ETR/AG* ratio (see Earl and Tollenaar 1998 for a similar comparison in C4 plants)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Effect of Drought Stress on Leaf and Whole Canopy Radiation Use Efficiency and Yield of Maize

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Hugh J. Earl1, Hugh J. Earl2, Richard F. Davis3•
University of Guelph1, University of Georgia2, Agricultural Research Service3
01 May 2003-Agronomy Journal
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantify yield losses attributable to each of these components for maize exposed to drought stress in a 2-yr field study, and examine the relationship between RUE at the single leaf level (estimated using chlorophyll fluorescence techniques) and radiation use efficiency (RUE), and reducing harvest index (HI).
Abstract: Drought stress reduces yield of maize (Zea mays L.) and other grain crops by (i) reducing canopy absorption of incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), (ii) reducing radiation use efficiency (RUE), and (iii) reducing harvest index (HI). The primary objective of this work was to quantify yield losses attributable to each of these components for maize exposed to drought stress in a 2-yr field study. A second objective was to examine the relationship between RUE at the single leaf level (estimated using chlorophyll fluorescence techniques) and RUE at the whole crop level. Two levels of soil water defidt and a control treatment were established using drip tape irrigation, and dry matter harvests were taken at midseason and at physiological maturity. Mild and severe water stress treatments reduced final grain yield by 63 and 85%, respectively, in 2000, and by 13 and 26%, respectively, in 2001. Reduction of intercepted PAR (IPAR) was generally a very minor yield loss component. Yield losses attributable to reduced RUE and reduced HI were of similar magnitude. Weekly chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were used to estimate the average quantum efficiency of photosystem II at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 1200 μmol m -2 s -1 (Φ II1200 ) for each plot. Crop dry matter accumulation was not linearly related to IPAR, due to decreased RUE in the water stress treatments. However, the linear relationship was restored when daily IPAR was multiplied by the current estimate of Φ II1200 , suggesting that Φ II1200 can be used as an indicator of whole-crop RUE.

294 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
The Response of Leaf Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Accumulation to Nitrogen Supply in an Older and a Newer Maize Hybrid

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Laura Echarte1, Laura Echarte2, Steven J. Rothstein3, Steven J. Rothstein2, Matthijs Tollenaar2, Matthijs Tollenaar1 •
National University of Mar del Plata1, University of Guelph2, Research Triangle Park3
01 Mar 2008-Crop Science
TL;DR: Differences between an older and a newer maize hybrid in their response to N availability throughout the life cycle at both the leaf and the whole-plant level were quantified.
Abstract: Nitrogen use efficiency is higher in newer than in older maize (Zea mays L) hybrids, but the physiological mechanisms underlying differences in N-use efficiency are unknown The objective of this study was to quantify differences between an older and a newer maize hybrid in their response to N availability throughout the life cycle at both the leaf and the whole-plant level An older and a newer maize hybrid were grown in a field hydroponic system located near Guelph, ON, in 2005 at a high and a low N level Leaf carbon exchange rate (CER), chlorophyll index, and the thylakoid electron transport rate (ETR) were measured weekly from 2 wk presilking to 8 wk postsilking Plant-component dry matter and N content were determined from 1 wk presilking to maturity At the leaf level, leaf CER declined during the grain-filling period, and the decline was greater under low than high N availability The decline in leaf CER during the grain-filling period was less in the newer than in the older hybrid under both high and low N availability, and differences in leaf CER were associated most strongly with a reduction in leaf CER per unit absorbed photosynthetic photon flux density At the whole-plant level, reduction in grain yield in low vs high N was greater in the older than in the newer hybrid The hybrid x N interaction for grain yield was attributable predominantly to a greater decline in the proportion of dry matter allocated to the grain in the older hybrid

178 citations

Additional excerpts

  • ...Earl and Tollenaar, 1998b ) cannot be assessed in this study, however, because leaf respiration was not measured, and it is known that respiration rate per unit leaf area varies with hybrid, stage of development, and soil N level (Earl and Tollenaar, 1998a)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
C4 rice: a challenge for plant phenomics

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Robert T. Furbank1, Susanne von Caemmerer2, J. E. Sheehy3, Gerald E. Edwards4•
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation1, Australian National University2, International Rice Research Institute3, Washington State University4
26 Nov 2009-Functional Plant Biology
TL;DR: A variety of plant phenomics approaches to identify these plants and the genes responsible, based on detailed physiological knowledge of C4 photosynthesis are described, including strategies to asses the physiological effects of the installation of components of the C4 pathway in rice.
Abstract: There is now strong evidence that yield potential in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is becoming limited by ‘source’ capacity, i.e. photosynthetic capacity or efficiency, and hence the ability to fill the large number of grain ‘sinks’ produced in modern varieties. One solution to this problem is to introduce a more efficient, higher capacity photosynthetic mechanism to rice, the C4 pathway. A major challenge is identifying and engineering the genes necessary to install C4 photosynthesis in rice. Recently, an international research consortium was established to achieve this aim. Central to the aims of this project is phenotyping large populations of rice and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) mutants for ‘C4-ness’ to identify C3 plants that have acquired C4 characteristics or revertant C4 plants that have lost them. This paper describes a variety of plant phenomics approaches to identify these plants and the genes responsible, based on our detailed physiological knowledge of C4 photosynthesis. Strategies to asses the physiological effects of the installation of components of the C4 pathway in rice are also presented.

121 citations

Cites background from "Relationship between thylakoid elec..."

  • ...The close relationship between JO2 and A in C4 plants has been demonstrated in various studies by combining chlorophyll fluorescence analysis with measurements of CO2 assimilation (Genty et al. 1989; Edwards and Baker 1993; Oberhuber and Edwards 1993; Earl and Tollenaar 1998) including analyses in the field (e....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Use of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Assessments to Differentiate Corn Hybrid Response To Variable Water Conditions

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Patrick M O'Neill1, John F. Shanahan1, James S. Schepers1•
United States Department of Agriculture1
01 Mar 2006-Crop Science
TL;DR: Grain yield and photosynthetic responses of hybrids to stress were similar, indicating that CF measurements can be used to distinguish tolerant from susceptible hybrids, and hybrids possessing physiological mechanisms conferring ability to maximize kernel number under either water or N stress were critical to their ability to produce high grain yields.
Abstract: Development of corn (Zea mays L.) germplasm tolerant to water stress will be vital to sustaining corn-based farming in the U.S. Great Plains. In a companion 4-yr field study near Shelton, NE, we found that 12 hybrids displayed differential agronomic responses to varying water levels, with tolerant hybrids yielding from 27 to 42% more than susceptible hybrids under stress while yielding similarly under no stress. The objective of this study was to determine if chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) measurements could be used to distinguish tolerant from susceptible hybrids. Leaf temperature (LT) and two CF parameters (%PSII, photosystem II quantum efficiency, and ETR, electron transport rate) were measured on three postflowering dates in 2001 using a fluorometer on a subset of original treatments involving two tolerant and susceptible hybrids grown under deficit and adequate water. Water effects were observed on only one date; LT was 2.5C warmer and %PSII and ETR values were 25% lower for deficit vs. adequate water just after silking, signifying increased water stress and decreased photosynthesis during reproductive growth. Under stress, LTs were 2.8C cooler and %PSII and ETR values 50% higher for tolerant vs. susceptible hybrids, while all hybrids produced similar CF values under no stress. Thus, grain yield and photosynthetic responses of hybrids to stress were similar, indicating that CF measurements can be used to distinguish tolerant from susceptible hybrids. N COMPANION WORK (O’Neill et al., 2004), we noted the significant role that water and N fertilizer inputs have played in increasing productivity of corn grown in the Great Plains region of the USA. However, continued overuse of these inputs required to sustain current productivity poses serious environmental threats (Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, 1999). To minimize input costs and environmental impact, farmers will likely have to resort to producing corn with less irrigation water and fertilizer N in the future. This will lead to increased levels of water and N stress imposed on the crop. Development of corn hybrids tolerant to water and N stresses will be crucial to sustaining corn-based farming in the Great Plains region of the USA. Hence, future corn breeding efforts should focus on identifying physiological mechanisms that can be used to further improve tolerance of corn to these and other stresses. In the companion work we found that 12 hybrids displayed differential agronomic responses to varying levels of water and N. For example, under either limited water or N, stress tolerant hybrids yielded from 27 to 42% more than susceptible hybrids, while these same hybrids yielded similarly under adequate water and N levels. Furthermore, variation in hybrid yields under deficit water was better predicted by hybrid yields under deficit N than under adequate water conditions. Finally, variation in hybrid grain yields grown under varying water and N levels was strongly associated with hybrid variation in kernel number per unit area. Collectively, these results imply that water and N stresses produced similar adverse effects on key physiological processes, and hybrids possessing physiological mechanisms conferring ability to maximize kernel number under either water or N stress were critical to their ability to produce high grain yields. Other researchers have shown that kernel number is strongly linked to assimilate supply during the critical period around flowering (Schussler and Westgate, 1995).

119 citations

Cites background from "Relationship between thylakoid elec..."

  • ...Alternatively, CF techniques may serve as a more practical means for indirectly assessing leaf photosynthetic rates (Earl and Tollenaar, 1998; Adams et al., 2000; Jiang and Huang, 2000; Garty et al., 2001; Ying et al., 2002; Earl and Davis, 2003)....

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  • ...Since %PSII and ETR are direct indicators of gross CO2 assimilation rates for corn (Edwards and Baker, 1993; Earl and Tollenaar, 1998), our data would indicate thatwater deficits reducedphotosynthetic capacity of the crop only on the second measurement date....

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  • ...Because photorespiration in C4 species like corn is minimal, the ETR is closely linked with the gross CO2 assimilation rate (Edwards and Baker, 1993; Earl and Tollenaar, 1998 )....

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  • ...Alternatively, CF techniques may serve as a more practical means for indirectly assessing leaf photosynthetic rates ( Earl and Tollenaar, 1998; Adams et al., 2000; Jiang and Huang, 2000; Garty et al., 2001; Ying et al., 2002; Earl and Davis, 2003)....

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  • ...Because photorespiration in C4 species like corn is minimal, the ETR is closely linked with the gross CO2 assimilation rate (Edwards and Baker, 1993; Earl and Tollenaar, 1998)....

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References
More filters
Journal Article•DOI•
The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence

[...]

Bernard Genty1, Jean-Marie Briantais, Neil R. Baker1•
University of Essex1
27 Jan 1989-Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
TL;DR: In this article, the quantum yield of non-cyclic electron transport was found to be directly proportional to the product of the photochemical fluorescence quenching (qQ) and the efficiency of excitation capture by open Photosystem II (PS II) reaction centres (Fv/Fm).

7,821 citations

"Relationship between thylakoid elec..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...…conditions have demonstrated that there is a strong linear relationship between ETR and the gross rate of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (AG) in leaves of C4 plants (Genty et al. 1989; Krall and Edwards 1990, 1991; Edwards and Baker 1993; Oberhuber and Edwards 1993; Oberhuber et al. 1993)....

    [...]

  • ...This technique is based on the finding of Genty et al. (1989) that the quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (8II ) can be estimatedin vivo as (F′M – FS) / F′M, where FS is the steady state fluorescence signal from an illuminated leaf, and F′M is the maximum signal during a subsequent pulse of…...

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  • ...…that ETR and AG were compared for the estimation of CO2, rather than comparing8II with the quantum efficiency of gross CO2 assimilation (8CO2) (e.g. Genty et al. 1989); in the latter case, data points which are most affected by poor estimation of RL are located farther from the origin and have a…...

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Journal Article•DOI•
Some relationships between the biochemistry of photosynthesis and the gas exchange of leaves.

[...]

S. von Caemmerer1, Graham D. Farquhar1•
Australian National University1
01 Dec 1981-Planta
TL;DR: It was found that the response of the rate of CO2 Assimilation to irradiance, partial pressure of O2, p(O2), and temperature was different at low and high intercellular p(CO2), suggesting that CO2 assimilation rate is governed by different processes at lowand high inter cellular p (CO2).
Abstract: A series of experiments is presented investigating short term and long term changes of the nature of the response of rate of CO2 assimilation to intercellular p(CO2). The relationships between CO2 assimilation rate and biochemical components of leaf photosynthesis, such as ribulose-bisphosphate (RuP2) carboxylase-oxygenase activity and electron transport capacity are examined and related to current theory of CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species. It was found that the response of the rate of CO2 assimilation to irradiance, partial pressure of O2, p(O2), and temperature was different at low and high intercellular p(CO2), suggesting that CO2 assimilation rate is governed by different processes at low and high intercellular p(CO2). In longer term changes in CO2 assimilation rate, induced by different growth conditions, the initial slope of the response of CO2 assimilation rate to intercellular p(CO2) could be correlated to in vitro measurements of RuP2 carboxylase activity. Also, CO2 assimilation rate at high p(CO2) could be correlated to in vitro measurements of electron transport rate. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that CO2 assimilation rate is limited by the RuP2 saturated rate of the RuP2 carboxylase-oxygenase at low intercellular p(CO2) and by the rate allowed by RuP2 regeneration capacity at high intercellular p(CO2).

4,385 citations

"Relationship between thylakoid elec..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...All gas exchange parameters were calculated by the LI-6400’s operating software, which in essence follows the method of von Caemmerer and Farquhar (1981)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Relationship between photosystem II activity and CO2 fixation in leaves

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John P. Krall1, Gerald E. Edwards1•
Washington State University1
01 Sep 1992-Physiologia Plantarum
TL;DR: In this paper, a measure of the quantum yield of photosystem II, ΦII (electron/photon absorbed by PSII), can be obtained in leaves under steady-state conditions in the light using a modulated fluorescence system.
Abstract: There is now potential to estimate photosystem II (PSII) activity in vivo from chlorophyll fluorescence measurements and thus gauge PSII activity per CO2 fixed. A measure of the quantum yield of photosystem II, ΦII (electron/photon absorbed by PSII), can be obtained in leaves under steady-state conditions in the light using a modulated fluorescence system. The rate of electron transport from PSII equals ΦII times incident light intensity times the fraction of incident light absorbed by PSII. In C4 plants, there is a linear relationship between PSII activity and CO2 fixation, since there are no other major sinks for electrons; thus measurements of quantum yield of PSII may be used to estimate rates of photosynthesis in C4 species. In C3 plants, both CO2 fixation and photorespiration are major sinks for electrons from PSII (a minimum of 4 electrons are required per CO2, or per O2 reacting with RuBP). The rates of PSII activity associated with photosynthesis in C3 plants, based on estimates of the rates of carboxylation (vo) and oxygenation (vo) at various levels of CO2 and O2, largely account for the PSII activity determined from fluorescence measurements. Thus, in C3 plants, the partitioning of electron flow between photosynthesis and photorespiration can be evaluated from analysis of fluorescence and CO2 fixation.

652 citations

"Relationship between thylakoid elec..." refers background in this paper

  • ...5 is generally assumed forfII (Krall and Edwards 1992; Loreto et al. 1994; He and Edwards 1996), although it has recently been determined experimentally that even among C 3 species,fII may vary from as low as 0....

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  • ...By contrast, for many C3 species, a value of 0.5 is generally assumed forfII (Krall and Edwards 1992; Loreto et al. 1994; He and Edwards 1996), although it has recently been determined experimentally that even among C3 species,fII may vary from as low as 0.42 to as high as 0.60 (Laisk and Loreto…...

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Journal Article•DOI•
Sunflecks and photosynthesis in plant canopies

[...]

Robert W. Pearcy
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the role of light in the development of transient photosynthesis in the Sun Flecks and showed that light can be used as an indicator of CO2 assimilation during Sunflecks.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION .. . . . . .... ......... . . . . . . . . ....... ........ . ... .. ......... 421 LIGHT DYNAMICS IN CANOPIES 422 Theory . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 Empirical Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . 424 PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN TRANSIENT LIGHT .. . ..... . . . . . . .. ........ .. . . . . . . . ...... .. . . ...... 425 Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 Measurement of Transient Photosynthesis ...... . . . . . . ......... .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 Dynamics of CO2 Assimilation during Sunj1ecks . . . ... . .. ... . . .. . . . . . . . . .. .. ... 429 Limitation of Sunj1eck Use by the P hotosynthetic Induction Requirement ........ ..... 436 Modulation of Induction State in Natural Light Regimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 440 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS ON SUNFLECK UTILIZATION . . . . . . ........ . . . 442 Temperature and Water Stress ..... .. . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . ........ . . . . . . . . .... .... ... . .. 442 Ph otoinhibition during Sunflecks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . ........ .... . . . . .. 443 CONCLUDING REMARKS 444

602 citations

"Relationship between thylakoid elec..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…to date in maize have been made under steady-state PPFD from artificial light sources; since variable light conditions predominate in crop canopies (Pearcy 1990), it is important to determine how changes in incident PPFD might affect estimates of AG based on chlorophyll fluorescence measurements....

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  • ...Furthermore, all comparisons of ETR and AG reported to date in maize have been made under steady-state PPFD from artificial light sources; since variable light conditions predominate in crop canopies (Pearcy 1990), it is important to determine how changes in incident PPFD might affect estimates of AG based on chlorophyll fluorescence measurements....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Variation in Quantum Yield for CO2 Uptake among C3 and C4 Plants

[...]

James R. Ehleringer1, Robert W. Pearcy•
University of Utah1
01 Nov 1983-Plant Physiology
TL;DR: The significance of variation in the quantum yields of C(4) plants was discussed in terms of CO(2) leakage from the bundle sheath cells and suberization of apoplastic regions of the bundleSheath cells.
Abstract: The quantum yield for CO2 uptake was measured on a number of C3 and C4 monocot and dicot species. Under normal atmospheric conditions (330 microliters per liter CO2, 21% O2) and a leaf temperature of 30°C, the average quantum yields (moles CO2 per einstein) were as follows: 0.052 for C3 dicots, 0.053 for C3 grasses, 0.053 for NAD-malic enzyme type C4 dicots, 0.060 for NAD-malic enzyme type C4 grasses, 0.064 for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type C4 grasses, 0.061 for NADP-malic enzyme C4 dicots, and 0.065 for NADP-malic enzyme type C4 grasses. The quantum yield under normal atmospheric conditions was temperature dependent in C3 species, but apparently not in C4 species. Light and temperature conditions during growth appeared not to influence quantum yield. The significance of variation in the quantum yields of C4 plants was discussed in terms of CO2 leakage from the bundle sheath cells and suberization of apoplastic regions of the bundle sheath cells.

442 citations

"Relationship between thylakoid elec..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…leaf temperatures within the chamber were probably higher than those of other leaves in the canopy; however, the highest leaf temperature recorded (36.2◦C) was lower than what is generally considered to be inhibitory to photosynthesis of maize leaves (Ehleringer and Pearcy 1983; Dai et al. 1993)....

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  • ...Ehleringer and Pearcy (1983) measured a maximum quantum efficiency of CO2 assimilation of 0.062 CO2 photon−1 for maize illuminated by white light, which may be equivalent to a quantum efficiency of 0.0713 under red light (Furbank et al. 1990; Lal and Edwards 1995)....

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Related Papers (5)
Can CO2 assimilation in maize leaves be predicted accurately from chlorophyll fluorescence analysis

[...]

01 Aug 1993-Photosynthesis Research
Gerald E. Edwards, Neil R. Baker
The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence

[...]

27 Jan 1989-Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
Bernard Genty, Jean-Marie Briantais, Neil R. Baker
Some relationships between the biochemistry of photosynthesis and the gas exchange of leaves.

[...]

01 Dec 1981-Planta
S. von Caemmerer, Graham D. Farquhar
Chlorophyll fluorescence—a practical guide

[...]

01 Apr 2000-Journal of Experimental Botany
Kate Maxwell, Giles N. Johnson
Temperature Dependence of the Linkage of Quantum Yield of Photosystem II to CO2 Fixation in C4 and C3 Plants

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01 Feb 1993-Plant Physiology
Walter Oberhuber, Gerald E. Edwards