Reliability analysis for a data flow in event-driven wireless sensor networks using a multiple sending transmission approach
05 Dec 2013-Eurasip Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking (Springer International Publishing)-Vol. 2013, Iss: 1, pp 277
TL;DR: This paper aims to study the reliability of a data flow in event-driven wireless sensor networks with multiple sending transmission approach without acknowledgments, and analyzes the network reliability, the wireless link reliability and the node energy availability.
Abstract: Reliability analysis is an important issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper aims to study the reliability of a data flow in event-driven wireless sensor networks with multiple sending transmission approach without acknowledgments. Initially, an event-driven wireless sensor network model is described in terms of limited node battery energy and shadowed fading channels. Then, in order to analyze the network reliability, the wireless link reliability and the node energy availability are investigated, respectively. Furthermore, the analytical expressions of the instantaneous network reliability and the mean time to failure (MTTF) are derived. Finally, the simulation results validate the correctness and accuracy of the analytical results.
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TL;DR: The node availability and WSN availability are formulated with the assumption that the information arrival is a Poisson process and the age-based replacement model is applied to obtain the optimal reallocation interval with lowest long run expected cost rate.
Abstract: A wireless sensor network is applied for detecting information, by nodes, then generates and transfers the packets to the clustering head for further transmission. In practice, due to the influence of environmental factors, traffic loads of nodes and barrier, a node may fail to detect the information which occurs within its sensing area. Thus, the redundant deployment is often conducted. There are some frequent questions need to be considered when deploying the WSN: (1) how many nodes are required for obtaining a confident coverage of the area; (2) how well does the WSN perform as time goes by, because it is an energy consumption technique; (3) when is the best opportunity to reallocate the nodes. To answer the above questions, we conduct this research. We use $$k$$
-out-of-
$$n$$
model to calculate the $$k$$
-coverage probability, which determines the minimal number of nodes that are needed to be deployed in the monitored area. We formulate the node availability and WSN availability with the assumption that the information arrival is a Poisson process. By applying the age-based replacement model, we obtain the optimal reallocation interval with lowest long run expected cost rate.
35 citations
TL;DR: The proposed model can be readily extended for any outdoor deployment scenario to assess reliability before actual deployment and hence explore meaningful insight regarding network design for instance, identifying critical failure sequences.
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks can be deployed in remote areas for monitoring rainforest, bio-diversity, detecting forest fire or even surveillance. In such remote monitoring applications, sensor nodes are deployed in unattended environments that make them vulnerable to different kind of failures. Hence, it is extremely important to perform a reliability analysis as a precursor to WSN deployment. This paper investigates reliability analysis and makes two contributions. First, an algorithm based on ordered binary decision diagram is proposed. Second, an algorithm based on Monte Carlo simulation is proposed to compute the reliability considering both individual component and common cause failure. There are some earlier works that focuses on either of the failure types but not both. In this work, battery model of the nodes are taken into account to have a realistic estimate of node reliability. The proposed model can be readily extended for any outdoor deployment scenario to assess reliability before actual deployment and hence explore meaningful insight regarding network design for instance, identifying critical failure sequences. The results of both algorithms for benchmark network configurations are validated for similar setting against existing literature. The results show that with more nodes network reliability gradually reaches a steady state (250 onwards) for a stable environment (low individual component failure due to transient errors) subject to moderate common cause failure probability (30%).
12 citations
30 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors extended the finite Markov chain imbedding approach to evaluate the system reliability of a dynamic k-out-of-n:F system operating under two cyclic alternating conditions.
Abstract: This article extends the finite Markov chain imbedding approach to evaluate the system reliability of a dynamic k-out-of-n:F system operating under two cyclic alternating conditions, and this artic...
9 citations
TL;DR: An in-depth study of the reliability of a chain topology wireless sensor network with multiple-sending scheme and the node energy availability for the source and relay nodes is investigated in terms of the limited node energy.
Abstract: Reliability analysis is a key problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The primary contribution of this paper is an in-depth study of the reliability of a chain topology wireless sensor network with multiple-sending scheme. We study the wireless link reliability for the fading channels. The node energy availability for the source and relay nodes is investigated in terms of the limited node energy. The instantaneous network reliability and the mean time to failure are derived. Finally, the initial node energy allocation scheme is proposed to balance the lifetime of each sensor node, thus reducing the total energy consumption. The simulation results substantiate the correctness of the theoretical results.
6 citations
Cites background from "Reliability analysis for a data flo..."
...Moreover, it can be observed that the instantaneous network reliability with less relay nodes falls firstly since fewer relay nodes may result in the higher transmit power of each node required to get the same wireless link reliability [15]....
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...Wang [15] studied the reliability for an event-driven wireless sensor network which only the source node is able to sense events and generate packets....
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...The success probability of one transmission from node n to node n + 1 is defined in [15]: Psucc n = (√ 2φn ) , (1) where the function (x) is the cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution which is given as (x) = 1 √ 2π ∫ x −∞ exp ( − t 2 2 ) dt, (2)...
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TL;DR: A Reliable Proliferation Routing with low Duty Cycle RPRDC] in WSNs that integrates three core concepts namely, (i) reliable path finder, (ii) a randomized dispersity, and (iii) forwarding is proposed.
6 citations
References
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15 Jan 1996
TL;DR: WireWireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second Edition is the definitive modern text for wireless communications technology and system design as discussed by the authors, which covers the fundamental issues impacting all wireless networks and reviews virtually every important new wireless standard and technological development, offering especially comprehensive coverage of the 3G systems and wireless local area networks (WLANs).
Abstract: From the Publisher:
The indispensable guide to wireless communicationsnow fully revised and updated!
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second Edition is the definitive modern text for wireless communications technology and system design. Building on his classic first edition, Theodore S. Rappaport covers the fundamental issues impacting all wireless networks and reviews virtually every important new wireless standard and technological development, offering especially comprehensive coverage of the 3G systems and wireless local area networks (WLANs) that will transform communications in the coming years. Rappaport illustrates each key concept with practical examples, thoroughly explained and solved step by step.
Coverage includes:
An overview of key wireless technologies: voice, data, cordless, paging, fixed and mobile broadband wireless systems, and beyond
Wireless system design fundamentals: channel assignment, handoffs, trunking efficiency, interference, frequency reuse, capacity planning, large-scale fading, and more
Path loss, small-scale fading, multipath, reflection, diffraction, scattering, shadowing, spatial-temporal channel modeling, and microcell/indoor propagation
Modulation, equalization, diversity, channel coding, and speech coding
New wireless LAN technologies: IEEE 802.11a/b, HIPERLAN, BRAN, and other alternatives
New 3G air interface standards, including W-CDMA, cdma2000, GPRS, UMTS, and EDGE
Bluetooth wearable computers, fixed wireless and Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS), and other advanced technologies
Updated glossary of abbreviations and acronyms, and a thorolist of references
Dozens of new examples and end-of-chapter problems
Whether you're a communications/network professional, manager, researcher, or student, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second Edition gives you an in-depth understanding of the state of the art in wireless technologytoday's and tomorrow's.
17,102 citations
TL;DR: The current state of the art of sensor networks is captured in this article, where solutions are discussed under their related protocol stack layer sections.
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14,048 citations
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28 Dec 1999
TL;DR: This book is an introduction to software reliability engineering and a survey of the state-of-the-art techniques, methodologies and tools used to assess the reliability of software and combined software-hardware systems.
Abstract: Computer software reliability has never been so important. Computers are used in areas as diverse as air traffic control, nuclear reactors, real-time military, industrial process control, security system control, biometric scan-systems, automotive, mechanical and safety control, and hospital patient monitoring systems. Many of these applications require critical functionality as software applications increase in size and complexity. This book is an introduction to software reliability engineering and a survey of the state-of-the-art techniques, methodologies and tools used to assess the reliability of software and combined software-hardware systems. Current research results are reported and future directions are signposted. This text will interest: graduate students as a course textbook introducing reliability engineering software; reliability engineers as a broad, up-to-date survey of the field; and researchers and lecturers in universities and research institutions as a one-volume reference.
394 citations
05 Dec 1999
TL;DR: A mathematical model for the process is presented and the relative asymptotic efficiency of the detector with respect to the conventional linear detector is computed and some numerical results are provided to show the achievable enhancement by the proposed nonlinear processing as applied to UMTS-based receivers.
Abstract: A statistical processing method is considered for interference suppression in W-CDMA systems. The major first-order statistic of interference, namely, the pdf function is estimated by use of higher-order statistics (HOS) of the received samples. This estimate, in turn, leads to deriving the best non-linear processor of the samples for enhanced detection performance of the desired user. A mathematical model for the process is presented and the relative asymptotic efficiency of the detector with respect to the conventional linear detector is computed. Some numerical results are also provided to show the achievable enhancement by the proposed nonlinear processing as applied to UMTS-based receivers.
320 citations