Removal of hexavalent chromium from contaminated waters using syzygium cumini seed biosorbent
01 Jan 2015-
TL;DR: In this article, an adsorbent has been prepared from Syzygium cumini (L.) seed and studies are carried out for chromium (VI) removal from industrial wastewater.
Abstract: Hazardous metals such as chromium in industrial wastewater followed by leaching to ground water are threat to the environment because of their toxicity and their impact on our ecosystem. Among the different heavy metals, chromium (VI) is a common and very toxic pollutant being introduced into natural waters from a variety of industrial wastewaters. Chromium (III) is an essential element for organisms that can disrupt the sugar metabolism and cause heart conditions, when the daily dose is too low. Chromium (VI) is mainly toxic to organisms. It can alter genetic materials and cause cancer. Adverse health effects associated with Cr (VI) exposure include occupational asthma, eye irritation and damage, perforated eardrums, respiratory irritation, kidney damage, liver damage, pulmonary congestion and edema, upper abdominal pain, nose irritation and damage, respiratory cancer, skin irritation, and erosion and discoloration of the teeth. Some workers can also develop an allergic skin reaction, called allergic contact dermatitis. The Chromium (VI) discharged from various industries has potential to contaminate drinking water sources and is one of the most important environmental problems due to its health impacts on human. Adsorption is one of the effective techniques for chromium (VI) removal from wastewater. In the present study, adsorbent has been prepared from Syzygium cumini (L.) seed and studies are carried out for chromium (VI) removal. The parameters investigated in this study are contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature, variable initial chromium (VI) concentration and pH using Diphenyl carbazide as color developing reagent and taking the absorbance at 540 nm spectrophotometrically. The adsorption process of chromium (VI) is tested with Linear, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Application of the Langmuir isotherm to the systems yielded maximum adsorption capacity of 13.15 mg/g at a solution pH of 7 having Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L and biosorbent dose 1g/L. The adsorption of chromium (VI) was found to be maximum 71.58 % at low pH values of 2 having Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L and biosorbent dose 1g/L. The contact time of 60 min resulted to the 26.96% adsorption of metal in 50mg/L solution using adsorbent dose of 1g/L and can used for removal
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TL;DR: The present review explores the nutritional, phytochemical and pharmacological potential as well as diverse food usages of Syzygium cumini, a traditional medicinal plant with various bioactive compounds distributed in all parts of the plant.
Abstract: The present review explores the nutritional, phytochemical and pharmacological potential as well as diverse food usages of Syzygium cumini. S. cumini is a traditional medicinal plant with various bioactive compounds distributed in all parts of the plant. The major bioactive compounds present in the edible part are myricetin, oxalic acid, gallic acid, citronellol, cyanidin diglucoside, hotrienol, phytosterols, flavonoids, carotenoids and polyphenols as well as micronutrients, accounting for numerous health benefits. The potential benefits of these bioactive compounds are to prevent/reduce metabolic abnormalities and various diseases. The health protective effects and functional properties of the plant were proved by different in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies. All parts of the plant have good health benefits like hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antianemic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiallergic, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic and antipyretic properties. The fruit of S. cumini can be consumed raw or processed in the form of jam, jellies, wine, fermented beverages and many other value added food products.
79 citations
43 citations
TL;DR: The use of this inorganic chemicals in treating water is fast becoming problematic, as it is associated with different deteriorating human health condition and pollution of water bodies as mentioned in this paper, hence, the search for safer, cheaper and more sustainable alternatives-Bioresource.
Abstract: Global population, which has been estimated by United Nations to hit a whopping 9.8 Billion by the middle of this century and the corresponding demand for clean, affordable and portable water, which is not readily available, especially for developing countries and even developed ones (owing to industrialization), has become a course for concern. It is estimated that 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water and about 2.2 million people die annually, mostly of children under five due to consumption of unsafe water. Conventionally, inorganic chemicals (Aluminium sulphate being the most common among them) are used in water treatment. The use of this inorganic chemicals in treating water is fast becoming problematic, as it is associated with different deteriorating human health condition and pollution of water bodies. Hence, the search for safer, cheaper and more sustainable alternatives-Bioresource.
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TL;DR: The use of low-cost sorbents has been investigated as a replacement for current costly methods of removing heavy metals from solution as mentioned in this paper, where natural materials or waste products from certain industries with a high capacity for heavy metals can be obtained, employed and disposed of with little cost.
3,026 citations
"Removal of hexavalent chromium from..." refers background in this paper
...Several recent publications utilized locally available adsorbents (Bai and Abraham, 2003; Nourbakhsh et al, 1994; Singh et al, 2013) and agricultural byproducts (Bailey et al, 1999) for heavy metal removal....
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TL;DR: In this article, the removal of poisonous Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater by different low-cost abundant adsorbents was investigated, including wool, olive cake, sawdust, pine needles, almond shells, cactus leaves and charcoal were used at different adsorbent/metal ion ratios.
884 citations
"Removal of hexavalent chromium from..." refers background in this paper
...Chromium occurs most frequently as Cr (VI) or Cr (III) in aqueous solutions (Dakiky et al 2002)....
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...Both valency of chromium are potentially harmful but hexavalent chromium possesses a greater risk due to its water soluble nature, fast permeability to living cells and carcinogenic properties (Dakiky et al 2002)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, two separate fixed bed modified activated carbon columns were used; TBA-carbon column for cyanide removal and SDDC-column for multi-species metal ion removal.
617 citations
"Removal of hexavalent chromium from..." refers background in this paper
...…of toxic metals from waste water has directed attention to biosorption, based on metal binding capacities of various biological materials (Singh et al, 2013; Ozer et al, 1997; Lotfi and Adhoum, 2002; Mauri et al, 2001; Padilla and Tavani, 1999; Rengaraj et al, 2003; Namasivayam and Yamuna, 1995)....
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TL;DR: Ion exchange resins 1200H, 1500H and IRN97H show a remarkable increase in sorption capacity for chromium, compared to other adsorbents and can be used for the efficient removal of chromium from water and wastewater.
464 citations
"Removal of hexavalent chromium from..." refers background in this paper
...…of toxic metals from waste water has directed attention to biosorption, based on metal binding capacities of various biological materials (Singh et al, 2013; Ozer et al, 1997; Lotfi and Adhoum, 2002; Mauri et al, 2001; Padilla and Tavani, 1999; Rengaraj et al, 2003; Namasivayam and Yamuna, 1995)....
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